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主旨大意题［题型特点］我们阅读一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明确其主旨，因此，主旨大意题是常考题，每年必考1~3题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(mainidea，mainlyabout)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型、主题型(themaintheme)。七年来共考了13道题，其中mainlyabout考过3题(2008，2012,2013)，title题考了5题(2007,2010,2011，2012,2013)，purpose题考了5题(2007，2008，2009，2011,2013)。常见的题干形式有：Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?Paragraph1mainlytalksabout____.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Whatisthe(main)purposeofthepassage?Thepurposeofthepassageis_____.Thepassageisintendedto_____.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?［解法点拨］要正确选出标题，首先得弄清文章的主旨大意，而了解主旨大意的关键是找到主题句，主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。找主题句还有以下三个小窍门：1.段落中出现表转折的词语(如however，but，infact，actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。2.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。3.作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。作者写此文章，其目的是告诉读者一个事实，传达某个信息，或让读者得到某种启示或受到某种教育，或者是为了说服读者接受某种产品、服务，或接受某种观点。［真题破解］［例1］(2011广东)Intheanimalkingdom，weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Frommywheelchairexperience，Iseethebestinpeople…Often，wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness…Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.A.AWheelchairExperience.B.WeaknessandKindness.C.WeaknessandStrength.D.ADrivingExperience30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?解析：在第一段中，出现了表转折的But…可知，ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。B.WeaknessandKindness.［例2］(2011广东)Inaworldwithlimitedland，waterandothernaturalresources(资源)，theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually，thepastdecadeshasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged，andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords，weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today，sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.…Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First，…Besides，…Finally，…acceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationbutitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.解析：在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged，andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进行解释；句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句Today，sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D正确(一)A.complaintaboutthehighpriceofelectricityB.introduceanotherheaterthatcanreducethecostC.tellushowtosaveelectricityandcutourheatingbillsD.showmanypeoplecan’tbeartheburdenonthefamilybudget1.Theauthormentionedthecostofheatingourhomesinorderto____.1.B意图推断题。从第二句起直到文章最后，作者都是在推介移動式取暖器，可见作者第一句提到家庭取暖的开支将是家庭预算的一大负担，其目的是介绍一种可以节省开支的取暖器，故选B。A.theheatoftheEPB.thesafetyoftheEPC.theappearanceoftheEPD.thematerialoftheEP2.Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph2?B段意归纳题。由no…thatcancauseafire和willnotburnchildrenorpets和willnotburnchildrenorpets可知,本段是讲这种取暖器的安全问题。A.doesn’tburnupoxygenB.runswithoutanynoiseC.makespeoplegetsleepyD.isunsuitableforchildrenandpets3.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP____.A细节理解题。由第三段TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom(这种取暖器不会减少房间里的氧气，即此机不会燃烧氧气)可知选A。注意：因第一段最后有runsalmostsilent(几乎是静音)，易误选B“运转时没有声音”，错就错在夸大其词;选项C是指别的取暖器，这是张冠李戴；由itwillnotburnchildrenorpets可知是适合小孩和宠物的，选项D是颠倒是非。A.continuouslyB.separatelyC.quicklyD.equally4.Theunderlinedword“evenly”inparagraph4probablymeans____.D词义猜测题。由本段最后一句WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom(温度在房间的任何地方都没有不同的，即一样的)可知选D“均匀的”。A.persuadepeopletobuytheproductB.advisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsC.reportthenewdevelopmentofportableheatersD.comparethefunctionsofdifferentheaterbrands5.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto___.A写作目的题。文章最后Now,wehaveaspecialofferfor10days…Ifyouorderafterthat…atthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!很明显，作者写此篇文章的目的是劝人去买这种产品。(二)A.Usingriverwater.B.Throwingbatteriesaway.C.Pavingparkinglots.D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.C细节题。由第一段最后一句Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepave,thelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater可知。6.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater?A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.C.Thereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysize.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?B推断题。第一段前两句告诉我们，人们在以明显的方式或不明显的方式影响着水资源的供应,第二段到第四段都讲到要应如何去做,可以推断,要做好这些是需要作出巨大努力的。A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwaterC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforus.D.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathome8.Thelastparagraphisintendedto____.D推断题。由最后一段的第一句Youcantakestepstosavewaterinyou