Charlotte-Bronte夏洛特勃朗特

2020/5/13CharlotteBronte(1816-1855)wasanEnglishnovelistandpoet,theeldestofthethreeBrontesisterswhosurvivedintoadulthoodandwhosenovelshavebecomeclassicsofEnglishliterature.Thethreesistersarealmostasfamousfortheirshort,tragiclivesasfortheirnovels.Charlottefirstpublishedherworks(includingherbestknownnovel,JaneEyre)underthepennameCurrerBell.Inthepast40yearsCharlotteBronte'sreputationhasrisenrapidly,andfeministcriticismhasdonemuchtoshowthatshewasspeakingupforoppressedwomenofeveryage.2020/5/13CharlottewasborninThornton,westofBradfordintheWestRidingofYorkshire.In1820herfamilymovedafewmilestothevillageofHaworth,aremoteandgloomyvillageontheYorkshiremoors.DuringthefollowingyearsatHaworth,theyhadagreatdealoffreedomtoexplorethesurroundingcountryside.（Theywereimpressedandinspiredbyit.)2020/5/132020/5/132020/5/131816BornatThornton,inYorkshire,England1824BesentwiththreeofhersisterstotheClergyDaughters’School1821Motherdiedofcancer1835|1838TeachinginMirfield1839|1841Madealivingasagoverness1842|1844WenttothePensionofHergertolearnFrenchandfellinlovewithMr.Herger1846POEMSBYCURRER,ELLIS,ANDACTONBELL2020/5/1318471847JaneEyrewaspublished1848SisterEmilyandbrotherBranwelldied1853Villettewaspublished1854Marriedtohisfather’sclergyman1855Diedin1855whensheis391849ShirleywaspublishedSisterAnnedied2020/5/13JaneEyre(1847,《简爱》)IndependenceofwomenSherepresentsthosemiddleclassworkingwomenwhoarestrugglingforrecognitionoftheirbasicrightsandequalityashumanbeings.LoveandmarriageIttellsastoryoftruelove,disinterestedandpure,betweenJaneandRochester.Theirmarriageisnotbasedonsocialstatusandwealth,butonafeelingofmutualadmirationandrespect.Self-RelianceThroughoutthenovel,JaneEyrestrugglesagainstthecrueltyandinjusticeinflicteduponher.2020/5/13DealingwiththelifeofworkersatthetimeoftheLuddites’movement.(卢德运动)2020/5/13ArealisticdescriptionofhersadexperiencesataboardingschoolinBrussels.2020/5/13BasedonherBrusselsexperience;herfirstwrittenbutnotpublisheduntilherdeath.2020/5/13•Inthe19thcentury,massiveBritishwomenwriterssprangout,suchasJaneAusten,Mrs.GaskellandBrontesisters.Theytookthepointoffemalestoexpresstheiropinionsaboutfemales,fatesandmarriages.Andtheyalsoemphasizeonthefemaleeducationandequalitybetweenthesexes.•1.Duringthistime,theBritisheconomydevelopedquickly.Womenacquiredtheopportunitiestobeaworker.Sotheybecamemoreconfidentandtheirsocialstatusalsowererisengradually.•Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,middle-classwomenobtainthechancetoreadandwrite.Theyexpresstheirpointsdirectlyandbreakthetraditionalnotionsbyshapingtheindependentwomen.•2.Britishgovernmentpaidmuchattentiononeducation.Theyinvestededucationandbuildschoolssothatmanyfemalescanreceivetheeducationrightasmen.Atthesametime,thegovernmentpassedlawstoprotectwomen’sright.•3.OriginofSpeciesweakenpeople’sreligiousbeliefs.Femalesrealizetheirstatus.Todiscusstheissuesinfemales’point:individualsandthesociety,genders,love,marriages,familyandfreedom.Diversity——romanticism(JaneAustenPrideandPrejudice)criticalrealism(CharlotteBronteJaneEyre)ThemesMoralityGodandreligionSocialclassGenderrelationLoveandpassionIndependenceForgivenessSearhforhomeandfamilyPlotSummary•JaneEyreisafamousnovelbyEnglishwriterCharlotteBronte.ItwaspublishedinLondon,in1847.Itisafirst-personnarrativeofthetitlecharacter,asmall,plain-faced,intelligentandhonestEnglishorphan.•Thenovelgoesthroughfivedistinctstages:Jane'schildhoodatGateshead,wheresheisemotionallyabusedbyherauntandcousins;HereducationatLowoodSchool,wheresheacquiresfriendsandrolemodelsbutalsosuffersprivations；HertimeasthegovernessofThornfieldManor,whereshefallsinlovewithherByronicemployer,EdwardRochester;HertimewiththeRiversfamilyatMoorhouseandMorton,wherehercoldclergyman-cousinStJohnRiversproposestoher;HerreunionwithandmarriagetoherbelovedRochesterathishouseofFerndean.MainCharacterJaneEyre-theherione,astrongpersonality,simple,firmessandflexibility,independent,agressivewomen.Hercontemptforthearroganceoftherichandpowerful,andlaughattheirstupidshowthepersonalityandbeautifulidealsofself-reliance.Shehasgreatvitality,neverbowtofate.Havetheirownlongingforabetterlife.2020/5/13EdwardFairfaxRochester-Teenfeidemanor,withwealthandastrongphysique,ayoungmanhelivedunconventionallife,laterdeterminedtoseriouslylife,likeJaneandhertomarryhim.Lostanarmandaneyeinhislateryearswhenhisfirstwifecrazyarson.EventuallybecamethehusbandofJaneEyre.BullockJorgeLancaster-Lowoodcharityschoolexplore,hypocriticalandmean.St.JohnReeves-Jane'scousin,handsome,heighfaith.Janetomarryhim,butthesimplereasonthatJaneEyreissuitabletodoamissionary'swifetobehisassiatant,andlateramissionarytoIndia.Adela-Rochesterisherguardian,JaneEyre'sstudent.MissBlanche-Looksbeautifularistocraticlady,Mr.Rochester'spursuit,butnotforlove,butmoney.Mrs.Reed-JaneEyre'saunt,whoagainsttheirpromisedhusbandadoptionofJaneEyre,JaneEyreisnotfair.Soncomittedsuicidesothatherstroke,dyingconscience,tellingJaneEyreshehadrelativeslivingtruth.PersonageThethemeofthisnovelistheorphanroughlifeexperiencesshapedastausquo,unwillingtoinsult,daretoprotesttheimage