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华中科技大学博士学位论文ALA转子同步磁阻电机直接转矩控制系统研究姓名：周立求申请学位级别：博士专业：电机与电器指导教师：辜承林20051101II,ALA(AxiallyLaminatedAnisotropic)ALAALAALAALAALAALAALAALA0αβALAIIIdqdddALAMATLABALAALADSPTMS320LF2407AALAALAALAALAALAALAALAALAALA(ALA)MATLAB(DSP)IVAbstractSynchronousreluctancemotor(SRM)isacompetitivecandidatefortheadvancedhigh-performanceACvariable-speeddrives.TheearlyversionofSRMisequippedwithastartingcagetogeneratetheasynchronousstartingtorque.However,therotorwithsuchastructurehaslowsaliencyratioandpoorpowerfactor.Asthemodifiedversion,theso-calledaxiallylaminatedanisotropic(ALA)rotormotorisproposed.Thedistinctiverotorlaminationbringsalotofadvantages,suchashighsaliencyratio,greatpowerdensity,highpowerfactorandefficiency,andsoon.Actually,ALArotormotorcombinestheadvantagesofinductionmotor,permanentmagnet(PM)motorandswitchingreluctancemotor,andbecomesapotentialalternativeinvariousACdrivesystems.Inpreviousliterature,theopen-loopstartupofALArotormotorischaracterizedasoscillationandasynchronousoperation.Toimprovethedynamicstability,amechanicaldamperisalwaysrequired.Buttheemploymentofdamperincreasesthecomplexityoftheassemblageandreducesthenumberofavailableoutputshaft.Therefore,thedirecttorquecontrol(DTC)isintroducedtomanipulatetheoperationofALArotormotor.AlthoughmanyachievementshavebeenreportedintheresearchofDTCschemeusedforinductionmotorandPMmotor,theapplicationtoALArotormotorisfirstlyproposed.Comparedwiththecounterparts,theDTCschemeappliedtoALArotormotorisfeaturedwithfastresponseofrotorfluxandeasy-to-controlmagneticfield.OnthebasisofthefeatureandprincipleofSRM,themathematicalmodelofALArotormotorin0αβcoordinatesystemisestablished.ThenvariousavailablecontrolstrategiesforSRMaresurveyedandtheircharacteristicsarehighlighted.Basedonthewideinvestigation,thebackgroundofDTCschemeisreviewedfirst.Insuccession,acomprehensiveintroductiontoprinciple,developmentandprospectofsuchatechniqueismade.ThedifferenceofDTCschemesappliedtoPMmotorandinductionmotorisunderlinedaswell.ItisnotedthatthecontrolstrategyusedforthesemotorscannotbetransplanteddirectlytoALArotormotorregardlessofthestructuraldifference.Toobtaintheoptimalperformance,anovelDTCschemecustomizedforALArotormotorisproposed,i.e.discretespacevoltagemodulation(DSVM).Byemployingthistechnique,thetorqueandcurrentripple,especiallyatlowspeed,canbeattenuatedVremarkably,ontheconditionthattheswitchingfrequencyisunchanged.Furthermore,theonlinecalculationofthedurationofvoltagevectorsisavoided,hencethesimplicityofthealgorithmismaintained.ThefeasibilityandvalidityoftheproposedschemeisverifiedbysimulationmadewithcommonlyusedsoftwareMatlab.Inordertomakeavalidationofthetheoreticalanalysis,anexperimentalinvestigationisimplemented.AdigitalcontrolsystembasedonTMS320LF2407Aissetup.Theconfigurationsonhardwareaswellassoftwareareintroducedindetail.Besides,alargenumberofexperimentsonstartup,multi-stepaccelerationandnormal-reverserotationoffour-poleALArotormotorarecarriedout.ItisvalidatedthatthemotorwiththeproposedDTCschemehasimprovedrobustnessandfastresponse.Inaddition,theexperimentontwo-poleprototyperevealsthattheproposedschemehasgoodflexibilitytomotorswithdifferentsaliencyratios.Thecontrastiveexperimentsonmotorwithandwithoutmechanicaldamperrevealsthatthemechanicalsolutionisnotanecessityinclose-loopoperation.ByutilizingtheDTCscheme,themotorpresentssatisfactorystartupperformanceanddynamicresponse.ItimpliesthattheDTCschememaybetheessentialsolutiontothedynamicstabilityofALArotormotor.Attheendofthedissertation,somesuggestionsaimedtofutureworkareproposed.Keywords:Axiallylaminatedanisotropic(ALA)rotorsynchronousreluctancemotor(SRM)directtorquecontrol(DTC)Matlabnumericalsimulationdigitalsignalprocessor(DSP)111.11.1.1()198019901990206099%60%70%203080%2203050,208020%30%1.1.21“”22070[1]3[2]3106kW·r/min1.1.31(1)--[3](2)[4](3)4dqPWM[5](4)[6]2(1)B1ascheke[7]dqqTrTr[8](2)dqPWM[9][10](3)5PWM[11][12]d3()(1)[13](Slidingmode)[14](2),[15](3)6[16]1.1.4,,1(PWM)(BJT)(GTO)MOS(PowerMOSFET)(IGBT)MOS(MCT)(IGCT)(IECT)[17][18]-PWMPWMSPWMPWM7[19][20][21]22070[22]3SCPDSPRISCASIC[23]4ALA8[24]()[25]()[26]510[27]PWM[28]9[29][30][31][32]1.2ALA1.2.1ALAALAAxiallyLaminatedAnisotropicqd[33]ALA(1)(2)(3)(4)10(5)ALAALAALA(1)(2)(3)ALAALA1.2.2ALAALA1966A.J.O.Cruickshank[34]Ld/LqALA2070ALAALA80ALAA.A.ArkadanF.N.IssacALA[35]11ALA[36][37]M.J.KamperJ.J.GermishuizenALA[38][39]ALAALAALA(1)1994[40]-[42](2)19941997[43](3)19961999ALA11.8[44][45]ALA(4)19992002ALA[46](5)20022005ALAALAALAALAALA12[47]ALA[48]ALAALA[49]ALA[50]ALAN-Sq[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]ALA[59][60][61][62]dqTMS320F240[63][64]dd[65]dqd13[66]dq[67][68][69]αβdq[70],,DSC(DirectSelf-Control),DSCDTC/DTCDTCDTCDSC141.31.3.1DirectTorqueControlDTCM.DepenbrockI.Takahashi2080[2][71]1985M.Depenbrock1987M.Depenbrock622PWM67%1/615Takahashi1986Band-Band[72][73]ALA161.3.2[74]PWM18V1V6V7V18V1V6[75]doublethree-levelinverter,61318[76]339IGBT18IGBT18276318NPC[77]SaSbSc270V1V13V26241.1[78]1.2171.3.3[79][80][81][82][83]V2V11V5V8V7V21V6V15V18V24V19V20V9V22V12V25V3V16V4V17V1V10V231.1C2ECSC1SC2SC3C1ISVS1231.2V1418[84][85][86][87