196200311TransactionsoftheCSAEVol.19 No.6Nov. 2003邢素丽1,2,张广录2(1.,100039; 2.,050021) :,、、。、、,3S、、、。,,。:遥感;农业应用:S127 :A :1002-6819(2003)06-0174-05:2003-03-21:(KZCX2-SW-317;KZCX2-313):(1966-),,,,。 ,100039。Email:sophi-axing@sina.com.1 2060,(、、、)、、、、,、[1],、、、、、、、。,、,3S、、、、。,、,。2 2.1 ,,。、、、、、,[2~7],:(pixeltopixelcomposition)(postclassficationcomposition)。,,,[8]。,,。,,、,。,,:、、、。。“”“”。。。、、,,。,[9]、Markov[10]。[11],;,,;,,,。、、。(BP)。BP,,“”“”。,,。。。174,Markove[12,13]。,,,,、。、GIS、GPS。2.2 。、[14]。1974(LargeAreaCropInventoryExperiment,LACIE),90,(Precisioncropmanage-ment)[15]。[14]。“”,[16~18],。1983[19]、[20]。“”,、,[21,22]。1998,[23]。,[24,25]。。,(0.45μm0.65μm),。NOAA/AVHRR0.58~0.68μm,0.725~1.1μm。、,。(NDVI),NDVI=(CH2-CH1)/(CH2+CH1),CH1、CH2NOAAA/VHRR()、()。NDVI[26~28],NDVI,[29],。NDVI,,。2080NOAA/AVHRRNDVI[30],。(2000)[31];(2002)[34]NOAA/AVHRRNDVI;(2001)[32]TM……。(1.1km,1/4d;30m,16d;NDVI,15%,NDVI;25%~80%,NDVI;80%,[33]),。2.3 、、。,NOAA/AVHRR。NOAA/AVHRR、,,,,。2.3.1 干旱。,。,。。,[34]。。,。(cropwaterstress,CWSI),,CWSI=1-Ed/Ep,,Ed—,Ep—。Ed,CWSI,,。NOAAEdEp,CWSI,[35~37]。,。,(1996)[38]。,,,,。、(,2001)[39]、。2.3.2 冻害,,。(2002)[40]NOAA/AVHRR,NDVI,,。,,。,。-1℃,、,,。175 6 :,“”、“”,。,。。,,,,,。,(2001)[41]、、。2.3.3 洪涝灾害,1983MSS,NOAA/AVHRR、SAR、[42],,NOAA/AVHRR,,,[43]。2.4 20,60。,,。,。[44]。2080,RICEMOD、RICAM、WHEATSM、MPESM[45]。,。,,,。,、,[46]。。3 3.1 ,RS、GIS、GPSGIS、GPS。GIS、,GPS,、。NOAA/AVHRR,、、,AVHRR“”、“”,。,NOAA;“3S”,“3S”,。3.2 ,,GIS、GPS、,、、、3S、。3.3 (0.1μm),(0.1μm)。[47],(),,[48]。,,,GIS;、、“3S”,、、、;,GIS;,。、、,、,(DigitalAgriculture)、。[ ][1] ,,.[M].:,1999,8,1~5.[2] , ,,.[J].,2001,24(3):106~110.[3] .[J].,1999,1:990107.[4] ,,,.GIS[J].,2001,56(2):181~188.[5] HuangJingfeng,AhmadYaghi,WangRenchao.IntergrationofGISandTMDatatoExtractEarlyRiceAreainLongyouCounty[J].TransactionsoftheCASE,2001,17(1):159~162.[6] , ,,.———[J].,2001,12(4):535~540.[7] ,,,.CCD[J].,2001,17(4):140~143.[8] ,, .176 2003 [J].,2002,17,(2).112~118.[9] ,.[J].,1998,(5):15~18.[10] ,,.[J].,2000,25(1):42~48.[11] ,,.[J].,2000,21(3):57~60.[12] .[J].,1999,1:990104.[13] ,.[J].,1996,25(4):252~256.[14] ,.[J].,1999,15(3):214~218.[15] MoranMS,YInoue,BarneseEM.Opportunitiesandlimita-tionsforimage-basedremotesensinginprecisioncropmanage-ment[J].RemoteSensEnviron,1997(61):319~346.[16] .[C].,1986.[17] .[J].,1988,3(4):308~316.[18] ,.[J].,1989,4(1)73~80.[19] .[J].,1986,1(4):260~269.[20] .[J].,200155(1:25~35).[21] .[M].:,1996.[22] .、[C].:,1993.[23] .[C].:.:,1998,290~296.[24] ,.NDVI[J].,2000,16,(5):21~22.[25] ,,P.M.Driessen.NOAANDVI[J].,2001,5(6):442~448.[26] .[J].,1991,6(3):1~6.[27] BenedettiRoberto,PaoloRossini.OntheuseofNDVIprofilesasatoolforagriculturalstatistics:Thecasestydyofwheatyiekdes-timateandforecastinEmiliaRomagna[J].RemoteSensingEn-vironment,1993,45:311~326.[28] RasmussenMS.AssessmentofmilletyieldsandproductioninnorthernBurkinaFasousingintegratedNDVIfromtheAVHRR[J].InternationalJournalofRemoteSensing,1992,13:3431~3442.[29] ,,.NDVI[J].,2002,22(2):247~252.[30] RassmussenMS.Developingsimple,operational,consistentND-VI-vegetationmodelsbyapplyingenvironmentandclimaticinfor-mation.PartⅡ:Cropyieldassessment[J].InterationalJournalofRemoteSensing,1998,19(1):119~139.[31] .-[J].,2000,14(2):82~86.[32] ,,.TM[J].,2001,16(1):23~27.[33] PotdarMB,GeogeHR,PetterMJ,etal.Sorghumyieldmod-elingbasedoncropgrowthparametersdeterminedfromvisibleandnear-IRchannelNOAAAVHRRdata[J].InternationalJour-nalofRemoteSensing,1993,14(5):895~950.[34] .[J].,2001,21(4):15~17.[35] ,.[J].,1998,16(1):123~128.[36] ,.GIS[J].,1999,15(1):188~191.[37] ,.GIS—[J].,2000,20(3):224~228.[38] ,,.[Z].,1996.[39] ,,.[J]..,2001,7(5):412~418.[40] ,,.[J].,2002,18(2):136~140.[41] ,,,.[J].,2001,16(1):32~36.[42] .[J].,1999,41(3):23~27.[43] ,.NOAA[J].,1999,15(4):203~206.[44] .()..[45] .[J].,1997,25(4):39~42.[46] ,.[J].,2002,20(2):104~107.[47] , ,.[J].,2002,18(2):23~25.[48] ,.[J].,1997,1(1):50~57.177 6 :ApplicationstatusquoandprospectofagricultureremotesensinginChinaXingSuli1,2,ZhangGuanglu2(1.GraduatedSchoolofTheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China;2.ShijiazhuangInstituteofAgriculturalModernizationChineseAcademyofSciences,Shijiazhuang050021,China)Abstract:NowinChinaagriculture,remotesensingtechniqueisapplyinginmanystudies,suchasthemonitoringandprotectionofagriculturalfield,theestimationofyieldinlargeareacrop,themonitoringofcropgrowth,themonitoringofagriculturalandmeteorologicdisaster,thecropsimulationmodelandsoon.Inthispaper,thestudiesandapplicationsmentionedaboveweredis-cussed,analysedandevaluated.Thedevelopmentdirectionofagricultureremotesensinginstudiesisthetechniqueof3Sintegra-tion,theforecastofdisaster,hyperspectrualremotesensing,rationremotesensingandsoon.Atthesametime,theapplicationanddevelopmentofremotesensingtechnologyplayanveryimportantroleintheboostingofChinesedigitalagricultureprocess.Keywords:remotesensing;agriculturalapplication178 2003