5.27-常见情态动词七大考点

高三语法复习之情态动词（七个考点）常用的情态动词can（could）may（might）shall（should）will（would）must（must）dare（dared）need（need）havetooughttobeabletousedtohadbetter在情态动词的使用中,我们要注意以下考点:1.表示推测的情态动词的使用。2.表示征求的情态动词的用法。3.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。4.情态动词短语的使用5.Dare和need的用法。6.情态动词的特殊用法7.部分情态动词的问与答1.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.1.我当时没有听到电话，我肯定是睡着了Ididn’thearthetelephonethen.Imusthavefallenasleepthen.2.他现在不可能在家。Hecan’tbeathomenow.3.他也许正在考虑这个问题。Hemaybethinkingabouttheproblem.肯定，一定可能，也许不可能可能吗？must对现在状态对现在正在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+do.常见mustbe+do.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”+do.+havedone+bedoing+do.+havedone+bedoing+bedoing+havedone区别Can’t(cannot)Maynot——IsTinaleavingbybus?——Sheshould,butshe___not.AmustBmayCneedDcan不可能(肯定不)可能不典型错误1.Hemustn’tbeintheclassroom.()Can’t2.Youmightleavethebagonthebag.()mighthaveleft3.Youmusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,have’tyou?()didn’tyou4.LimingmusthavebeentoJapan,didn’the?(hasn’the)1.--AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?--I’mnotsure.I__gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.mightD2.Sorry,I’mlate.I____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.willA3.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who___havetakenit?A.mightB.mustC.couldD.wouldC表示征求:2.表示征求意见的情态动词的用法。1.Can,may,might,could各种人称could,might提问语气婉转，回答用can,may2.Will,would用于第二人称。Willyoujoinusinsinging?3.Shall第一，三人称ShallIleadhimtoyouroffice?1.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should2.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA3.--Theroomissodirty.____wecleanit?--Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.DoB3.用于虚拟语气的情态动词:should/oughttohavedoneshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedonemight/couldhavedoneneedn’thavedone本应该做……（但事实没做）本来不应该做……（但事实却做了）本来可以做……（但事实没这样做）本来不需要做……（但事实却做了）1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You___homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave2.Therewasalotoffunatyesterday’sparty.You___come,butwhydidn’tyou?A.musthaveB.shouldC.needhaveD.oughttohaveBD3.—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.---Oh,didyou?You___withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed4.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI____forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitoutAC5.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we____soformally.Aneedn’tdressB.didn’thavetodressupC.mightnothavedressedupD.needn’thavedressedupD4.情态动词短语的使用:Can’t/couldn’t……too……Can’t/couldn’t……enoughCan’thelpdoingCan’thelpdoMay/mightaswelldowouldlike/lovetodo…wouldratherdo…wouldrather+sb.+did/haddonesth.wouldprefertodo...hadbetterdo...宁愿…1.过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。2.听到这个消息，孩子们情不自禁的跳起来。3.我宁愿你明天不要参加这个会议。Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Hearingthenews,thechildrencouldn’thelpjumping.Iwouldrather(that)youdidn’tattendthemeetingtomorrow.改错:1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.Iwouldprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.I’dratheryoutogotothemeetingnexttime.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.You’dbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.Wouldyouliketohavesometea?I’dprefertogoto...…youwentto...Hewouldratherdiethangivein.You’dbetterhave...1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。疑问句：Dare(need)+主语+动词原形否定句：主语+daren’t(needn’t)+动词原形Idaren’twalkthroughtheforestatnight.Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.Needhegoyesterday?5可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare2.dare,need作实义动词用，用于肯定，否定，疑问句，有人称、时态、和数的变化,后+todo。Hedarestogotherebyhimself.Hehasgrownup,wedon’tneed（to）worryabouthim.3.Sthneed(want,require)+doing/tobedoneThehouseneedscleaning/tobecleanedTheboyneedssendingtothehospitalatonce.1.判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?1.----Dareyougooutatnight?-----__________.AYes,IdoBNo,IdarenotCNo,Idon'tDYes,Idareto2.Iwonderhowhe__thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsayBD6.几个情态动词的特殊用法1.Can表示惊讶“怎么能”Howcanyoubesorude？2.Must表示“偏偏，一定要”Tom,youmustplaythepianointhedeepnight.3.Should表示惊讶“居然，竟然”4.will/would表示经常性习惯性的动作“常常”won’t,wouldn’t表示“怎么也不”翻译：1.Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?2.Whymustyoualwaysarguewithme?3.YoucanneverimagineanhonestboylikeThomasshouldcheatintheexam.4.HoweverhardItried,thedoorwouldn’topen.Shall用于第二、第三人称，有“命令、警告、允诺”等意思YoushallreturnthebookbeforeMonday.Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.Youshallgetpromotedifyouworkharder.命令警告允诺1.Tooursurprise,thepaintingdrawnbyhim____wintheprize!AwouldBcouldCshouldDmight2.——MayIturnontheTVset?——Ifyou____,turnitdownalittle.AshouldBcouldCmayDmust3.Youcan’timaginesuchagentleman____treatanoldmanlikethat.A.shouldB.willC.needDmust4.How___yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.mayAA5.Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.mightA7、部分情态动词的问与答1）NeedI…?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.2)MustI…?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.(No,don’thaveto.)3)MayI…?Yes,youmay.=Yes,certainly/ofcourse.No,youmaynot.(4)CouldI…?Yes,youcan.No,youcan’t.(5)MightI…?Yes,youmay.No,youmaynot.Guesstheirmeaning?部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一mustn’tneedn’tcan’tmaynotshouldn’t不准,禁止没必要(=don’thaveto)不能;不可能不可以;可能不不应该(=oughtnotto)Haveatry!4.He