江苏高考英语秘籍宝典——各专项做题技巧

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12一、单项选择1、考点定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、动词时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、虚拟语气、特殊句式(倒装、强调、省略、反意疑问句等)、情景交际、词汇辨析:名词、形容词、动词短语2、做题技巧(1)删除冗余信息命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分,无疑增加了句子的复杂程度,造成学生的视觉差异,从而导致思维错位,产生误导。解答这类题通常采用的方法是“删除法”,去掉多余信息(插入语、限定语等),答案就显而易见了。Hehasn'tcomeyet.Whatdoyouconsider________tohim?A.happensB.hashappenedC.happeningD.tohappen(2)补全省略成分省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有:不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。解答此类题的较好方法是“补全法”。句子结构补充完整后,干扰因素也就随之消失,答案也就容易判断了。Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun(3)还原句子结构命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序,造成搭配上的假象,从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性,极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目,答案就一目了然了。Whichdoyoufeellike________timeonthetrain,chattingwithfriendsorjustreadingsomething?A.tokillB.toshareC.killingD.sharing(4)排除语境干扰设题者常通过变换句子的正常结构,利用词语的不同含义和用法,词形的变化,各种搭配,标点符号,转折词等设置干扰语境误导学生。碰上此类陷阱题时,考生务必认真审题,弄清句子的基本结构,分析句子所处的语境,了解句子的真正含义,最后作出正确的选择。You________paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.A.can'tB.shouldC.mustD.needn't(5)识别相似表达英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同,命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱”。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式,极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意,要注重语境,理解句意,强化对易混句的辨析,有意识地改变思维定势。①I'llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingUniversity?A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.beingtaken②You'llgotoBeijingonbusinesstomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________toyoursonstudyinginBeijingUniversity?3A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.beingtaken4二、完形填空完形填空做题技巧一、高考完形填空命题趋势:选材特点:以记叙文为主,多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主纯议论文命题特点:(1)设空特点:实词为主、虚词为辅,单词为主、短语为辅动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词80%介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少(2)考点层次分三部:里边层次:(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路句子层次:(占70%左右)单词层次:(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)(3)考查重点:短文第一句不设问.高考完形填空题型特点1.以叙为主,叙议结合;2.篇章短小,意义完整;3.首句完整,主题明确;4.结构清晰,层次分明;5.考查语境,侧重辨析;6.实词为主,虚词为辅;7.逻辑推理,隐于语篇;8.常识语法,每年出现。完型填空之能力训练目标:1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力8.生活常识综合运用能力二、考生易失分之处:1、忽视行文逻辑,断章取义,就题论题。2、脱离语境,滥用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌:5急于求成,未通读全文便忙于答题,不了解文意,无整体概念边读边填,两眼忙于空白与选项之间,欲速则不达。只抠字眼,语法,不顾文意,抓不住关键。断章取义,就题论题,不管前后联系,互不照应,前后矛盾。三、做题三步法方法:四、巧解完形填空——高分技巧九大方法巧解完形一、利用首句来解题,根据全文来选择Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14hesaid,6“You’renevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful二、根据上下文语境,合理推断来解题Ourfatherwasastrugglinglawyer,butIalwaysknewhewas37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praisePractice:HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker三、利用语篇标志解题(三找)常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly;逻辑关系:thus,therefore,so;递进关系:besides,what’smore,further;转折关系:but,while,however,ontheotherhand等。Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)41vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important1、找逻辑关系题(转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进)2、找NOT题(在原文中找not)句式结构:前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定,则选对立关系的词。考点:(以下条件缺一不可)①考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系,空前后必须是独立的句子;②出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头,不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间;③选项中必须要有对立关系的词。3、找AND题(在原文中找and)考点:①and前后选同义词,词性一致;②and前后选同一范围词;③and前后句子对应成分相同;④在文章中,并列关系词前后如果出题,利用已知关系解题。4、找同现复现原则Liumeiisamongthe__22__ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(答应给)Liuafullscholarship---HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.22.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silentFriendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike__2__friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…2.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar四、根据逻辑推理解题7…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange___quitepleasanttaste.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.A.dryB.distantC.desertedD.wild六、从语法角度来解题Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.21Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed22(loneliness).A.BeforeB.SinceC.AlthoughD.WhileHaveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen23lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared解题思路:利用语法分析解题,选项中的动词都是过去式,其后句宾语从句hadkept是过去完成时,故判断是虚拟。七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming__1_.Soheshouldn’thavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When,twoweekslater,I38thissameboy,IwasmoreawareofmypositioninNigeriansociety.Ishould9(enjoy)thiscountryasthesonofaminister.A.ranafterB.ranintoC.ranoverD.ranto九、同义近义复现来解题Ibelievethatamixtureoffriendsisequallyadvantageous.Onecan___7___fromvarioussortsoffriendsinthreeaspects.First,frequentcontactswithdifferentfriendsbroadenmyworldoutlooks.Justasvariouskindsofnutrimentskeepyouhealthy,makinga__8__offriendskeepyoulively.…Secondly,Ihavefoundthatdifferentfriendscannotonlyleadtonewadventuresbutalsoshowmenewavenuestosuccessinlife.…7.A.obtainB.benefitC.sufferD.earn8.A.rangeB.seriesC.quantityD.vari

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