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11???????????223???435•••••••••••••••••••••••••6????47(SystemsModelofTraining)NeedsAssess-mentNeedsAssess-mentPhaseOne:DesignDesignPhaseTwo:Implemen-tationImplemen-tationPhaseThree:EvaluationEvaluationPhaseFour:Bohlander,Snell&Sherman(2001)ManagingHumanResources,12e,South-Western/ThomsonLearning.8(NeedsAssessment)Bohlander,Snell&Sherman(2001)ManagingHumanResources,12e,South-Western/ThomsonLearning.OrganizationalAnalysisTaskAnalysisPersonAnalysisCompetencyAnalysisPerformanceAnalysis59(TypesofTrainingPrograms)On-the-job?orientation?jobinstructiontraining?apprenticeship?internshipsorassistantships?jobrotation?supervisoryassistanceOn-site(butnoton-the-job)?programmedinstruction?videotapes?videodisks?interactive?telecommunicationstrainingOff-the-job?formalcourses?assessmentcenters?simulation?role-playing?sensitivitytraining?wildernesstrips;outdoorexercises10??611???????12On-the-JobTrainingandDevelopment(OJT)CoachingCounselingMentoringJobInstructionTraining(JIT)PersonalcareerplanningSupervisoryassistance()Multiplemanagement(juniorboard)713Fourbasiccategoriesoftrainingoutcomescanbemeasured:ReactionLearningBehaviorResults1014815•••••••••••••16??????????