气调保鲜包装技术的应用-黄俊彦

:2006-11-20;:2006-12-07:(20040089):(1960-),,,、,。气调保鲜包装技术的应用黄俊彦1,韩春阳2,姜浩3(1.,116034;2.,110000;3.(),116021):气调保鲜包装是针对真空包装和高温灭菌等传统包装方法带来的不足而研发的新型包装技术。介绍了气调保鲜包装技术的基本原理以及在食品和果蔬等产品包装中的应用,探讨了其保鲜包装方法和特点。:气调保鲜包装;保鲜原理;包装方法:TB485.9　:A　:1001-3563(2007)01-0044-05ApplicationsofModifiedAtmospherePackagingTechnologyHUANGJun-yan1,HANChun-yang2,JIANGHao3(1.DalianIns.tofLightInd,Dalian116034,China;2.ShenyangAgricultureUniversity,Shenyang110000,China;3.NationalSupervisionandInspectionCenterforQualityofPackagingProducts(Dalian),Dalian116034,China)Abstract:Modifiedatmospherepackagingisanewpackagingtechnologywhichexcelsthetraditionalvacuumpackagingandhightemperaturesterilizationpackaging.Thisarticleintroducedabasalprincipleofmodifiedatmospherepackagingandapplicationsinfoodstuffandfruitorvegetablepackaging;italsodis-cussedtheirkeepinggreennesspackagingmethodandcharacteristics.Keywords:modifiedatmospherepacking;freshkeepingprinciple;packagingmethod　　MAP(ModifiedAtmospherePackaging)CAP(ControlledAtmospherePackaging),[1],。CO2、N2、O2,,,、、、、,。、、。1　1.1　(Chilledmeat)。,。,42%,29%,15%。“”,、、。30,()———。。()[2]。,,,。,。,。,,,,。,,,。,。1.2　,,,,10070～100。CO2,O2、CO2、N23,N2CO2。,。,。44　PACKAGINGENGINEERINGVo.l28No.12007.01CO2,,30%。Atmospak70%O2(,)、10%N2、20%CO265%～80%O2、20%～35%CO2,1.6℃10,10～12。“”,,N2CO2,40%CO2、60%N2,1.6℃,10。,CO,,21,。CO,。CO,,,CO,,CO。CO(0.5%～1.0%)。0.3%～0.4%CO,10。CO,CO-MAP[3]。2　2.1　,,。,“”,,、、“”。:;。(、、),,,。、,“”,,,。2.2　。(Respirationrate)。,11CO2,CO2/O2/。,,,,;,,,,,。:(1)。;;;;。(2)。。(3)。,。(4)。()。5～35℃,10℃,1～1.5。,,;,,1。1　Tab.1Loweststoragetemperatureofafewfruitorvegetable/℃11.3～13.84.47.212.3～13.927.2～10-0.5～0.59～122.3　2.3.1　,CO2,,O2,O2;CO2。,,O2O2,CO2CO2。,,O2O2,CO2,()。,,。O2CO2、。2.3.2　。(1)。。,,。(2)。,CO2,45　[1]。,,。,,。,,,,、。1O2CO2[4],。1　Fig.1ThevariationofgasesconcentrationbetweeninitiativeandpassiveMAPoffruitorvegetable2.3.3　,O2CO2。O2CO21∶1,O221%2%～5%,CO20.03%16%～18%,CO2,,CO2O2。,CO2O23～6,、,,,。2CO2O2()。2　CO2O2Tab.2ThebreathabilityproportionbetweenCO2andO2ofcommonplasticfilminfruitorvegetableMAP(CO2∶O2)2～5.93.6～6.93.3～5.93.4～3.85.8～6.53～3.52.3.4　1～2。3,4。3　*Tab.3ApplicationsoffruitorvegetableMAP/dV(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=6∶2∶9210～14V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=5∶11∶8410～14V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=2∶7∶9110～14V(O2)∶V(N2)=5∶9521V(O2)∶V(N2)=6∶9416V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=6∶5∶8914V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=6∶10∶8420V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=6∶10∶8415V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=2∶15∶8310V(O2)∶V(CO2)∶V(N2)=5∶6∶8920*0～8℃,0.05mmPE。4　Tab.4ThetechnicalparameterinMAPofafewoverseasfruitorvegetable/℃RH/%CO2/%O2/%/d29532.5～31804.5904～53～7219090～953～4315009222150085～905142～63410～121010120～22013901.5～2.53～5.575085212～1590～12013～14955～84～521～281590～956～82213　3.1　、、。,,,。()1%()22%(),,,[4]。,,,pH。,pH。()(pH6.6)。,46　PACKAGINGENGINEERINGVo.l28No.12007.01,pH。,,,(),pH8。,,、、,。,0℃。,,2×107/cm2,,[4]。3.2　,。2:1CO2N22;1O2、CO2、N23。O2、CO2、N23,CO2,。,,CO2N2。,CO2,CO2,70%。,,。0～2℃、,。5。5　Tab.5MAPtechnicsoffreshseafood/℃/dV(CO2)∶V(N2)∶V(O2)=40∶30∶300～210V(CO2)∶V(N2)=6070∶40300～214V(CO2)∶V(N2)∶V(O2)=50∶30∶201～514V(CO2)∶V(N2)∶V(O2)=50∶30∶201～5144　,,。:、;;“”,。、,。4.1　,(AW),6(AW)。;(AW0.6～0.85),、;(AW0.94～0.99),、[2]。6　AWTab.6TherelationbetweenmicrobialgrowthandAWAWAWAW1.0～0.95、、、、、、、、、0.95～0.91、、、、、40%()7%、、、55%12%0.91～0.8865%()15%、0.88～0.80、、、、0.80～0.65、、、、15～17%、、、、0.603%～5%,2%～3%,5%、,5%1)。。“”。,,,。,,。,。。、。2)。,,,。,。、。3)。、。,,。,,[2]。4.2　CO2N2。CO2,。。,。CO2AW,AW,、47　,CO2,CO2,,[5]。7。2。7　Tab.7MAPtechnicsofoverseasroastfoodstufforfastfood/℃/dV(CO2)∶V(N2)=50∶50521V(CO2)∶V(N2)=50∶50521V(CO2)∶V(N2)=80∶20520V(CO2)∶V(N2)=80∶20414V(CO2)∶V(N2)=80∶2021822　Fig.2TheMAPofBritanniccheese5　　,。,,、、。、、、,。:[1]　.[J].,2004,25(5):130-133.[2]　,.[M].:,2005.[3]　ANTHONYPenn.Mapshowstheway[J].PackagingMagazine,2002,(5):48-53.[4]　,,,.[M].:,2003.[5]　ROGERRenstorm.MapKeepsBread,Too[J].PlasticsNews,1998,(9):67-71.(上接第34页)wasbetterthanthatofunmodifiedWPUadhesive.3　ConclusionsTheWPUadhesivewaspreparedbyTDI,N220,rosinandDMPA.TheexperimentalresultsshowwhenthetotalmoleratioofNCO/OHwas1.3～1.4,theamountofDMPAwasfrom4%to8%,andtheamountofrosinwasabout7%,theadhesivehasgoodadhesivepropertiesforseverallaminatedfilms.ThemodifiedWPUadhesiveisanenvironmentfriendlyadhesive,anditcouldsatisfyakindofneedsoflaminatedpackagefilms.References:[1]　LILing-feng,YEChu-ping,ZHANGZheng-hua.PackingAdhesiveandAdhesionTechnology[M].Beijing:ChemicalIndustryPress,2005.[2]　TANMei-jun,WANGZheng-xiang,TANGJian-xing.ApplicationofPUAdhesivesinPackageFilmLaminated[J].PackagingEngineer-ing,2003,24(5):44-46.[3]　XIEXiao-wei,FUHe-qing,HUANGHong,eta.lWaterbornePoly-urethaneAdhesiveandItsApplicationinPackaging[J].PackagingEngineering,2005,26(12):17-20.[4]　LAIJian-zei,CHENPao-jan,YEHJen-taut,eta.lACrossSelf-Cu-ringSystemforanAqueous-basedPUHybrid[J].JournalofAp-pliedPolymerScience,2005,97(2):550-558.[5]　FANFu-ting.PreparationofAqueousPolyurethaneAdhesivefromPBA-IPDIforLamination[J].PolyurethaneIndustry,2005,20(3):16-19.[6]　GUOJun-jie,ZHANGHong-yuan,ApplicationofAqueousPUAd-hesiveModifiedbyEpoxyResininLaminatedFilms[J].ChinaPlas-ticsIndustry,2005,33(11):53-55.[7]　WANGTa-zen,CHENKan-nan.IntroductionofCovalentlyBondedPhosphorusintoAqueous-b