搜索
UNCITRALModelLawonElectronicCommerce[Original:Arabic,Chinese,English,French,Russian,Spanish]PartOneElectronicCommerceinGeneralChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle1Sphereofapplication1ThisLaw2appliestoanykindofinformationintheformofadatamessageusedinthecontext3ofcommercial4activities.Article2DefinitionsForthepurposesofthisLaw：(a)“Datamessage”meansinformationgenerated，sent，receivedorstoredbyelectronic，opticalorsimilarmeansincluding，butnotlimitedto，electronicdatainterchange(EDI)，electronicmail，telegram，telexortelecopy；(b)“Electronicdatainterchange(EDI)”meanstheelectronictransferfromcomputertocomputerofinformationusinganagreedstandardtostructuretheinformation；(c)“Originator”ofadatamessagemeansapersonbywhom,oronwhosebehalf，thedatamessagepurportstohavebeensentorgeneratedpriortostorage，ifany，butitdoesnotincludeapersonactingasanintermediarywithrespecttothatdatamessage；(d)“Addressee”ofadatamessagemeansapersonwhoisintendedbytheoriginatortoreceivethedatamessage，butdoesnotincludeapersonactingasanintermediarywithrespecttothatdatamessage；(e)“Intermediary”，withrespecttoaparticulardatamessage，meansapersonwho，onbehalfofanotherperson，sends，receivesorstoresthatdatamessageorprovidesotherserviceswithrespecttothatdatamessage；(f)“Informationsystem”meansasystemforgenerating，sending，receiving，storingor1TheCommissionsuggeststhefollowingtextforStatesthatmightwishtolimittheapplicabilityofthisLawtointernationaldatamessages：“ThisLawappliestoadatamessageasdefinedinparagraph(1)ofarticle2wherethedatamessagerelatestointernationalcommerce.”2ThisLawdoesnotoverrideanyruleoflawintendedfortheprotectionofconsumers.3TheCommissionsuggeststhefollowingtextforStatesthatmightwishtoextendtheapplicabilityofthisLaw：“ThisLawappliestoanykindofinformationintheformofadatamessage,exceptinthefollowingsituations：[…].”4Theterm“commercial”shouldbegivenawideinterpretationsoastocovermattersarisingfromallrelationshipsofacommercialnature，whethercontractualornot.Relationshipsofacommercialnatureinclude，butarenotlimitedto，thefollowingtransactions：anytradetransactionforthesupplyorexchangeofgoodsorservices；distributionagreement；commercialrepresentationoragency；factoring；leasing；constructionofworks；consulting；engineering；licensing；investment；financing；banking；insurance；exploitationagreementorconcession；jointventureandotherformsofindustrialorbusinesscooperation；carriageofgoodsorpassengersbyair，sea，railorroad.otherwiseprocessingdatamessages.Article3Interpretation(1)IntheinterpretationofthisLaw，regardistobehadtoitsinternationaloriginandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaith.(2)QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisLawwhicharenotexpresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhichthisLawisbased.Article4Variationbyagreement(1)Asbetweenpartiesinvolvedingenerating，sending，receiving，storingorotherwiseprocessingdatamessages，andexceptasotherwiseprovided，theprovisionsofchapterIIImaybevariedbyagreement.(2)Paragraph(1)doesnotaffectanyrightthatmayexisttomodifybyagreementanyruleoflawreferredtoinchapterII.ChapterIIApplicationofLegalRequirementstoDataMessagesArticle5LegalrecognitionofdatamessagesInformationshallnotbedeniedlegaleffect，validityorenforce-abilitysolelyonthegroundsthatitisintheformofadatamessage.Article5bis.Incorporationbyreference(asadoptedbytheCommissionatitsthirty-firstsession，inJune1998)Informationshallnotbedeniedlegaleffect，validityorenforceabilitysolelyonthegroundsthatitisnotcontainedinthedatamessagepurportingtogiverisetosuchlegaleffect，butismerelyreferredtointhatdatamessage.Article6Writing(1)Wherethelawrequiresinformationtobeinwriting，thatrequirementismetbyadatamessageiftheinformationcontainedthereinisaccessiblesoastobeusableforsubsequentreference.(2)Paragraph(1)applieswhethertherequirementthereinisintheformofanobligationorwhetherthelawsimplyprovidesconsequencesfortheinformationnotbeinginwriting.(3)Theprovisionsofthisarticledonotapplytothefollowing：[…].Article7Signature(1)Wherethelawrequiresasignatureofaperson,thatrequirementismetinrelationtoadatamessageif：(a)amethodisusedtoidentifythatpersonandtoindicatethatperson'sapprovaloftheinformationcontainedinthedatamessage；and(b)thatmethodisasreliableaswasappropriateforthepurposeforwhichthedatamessagewasgeneratedorcommunicated，inthelightofallthecircumstances，includinganyrelevantagreement.(2)Paragraph(1)applieswhethertherequirementthereinisintheformofanobligationorwhetherthelawsimplyprovidesconsequencesfortheabsenceofasignature.(3)Theprovisionsofthisarticledonotapplytothefollowing：[…].Article8Original(1)Wherethelawrequiresinformationtobepresentedorretainedinitsoriginalform，thatrequirementismetbyadatamessageif：thereexistsareliableassuranceastotheintegrityoftheinformationfromthetimewhenitwasfirstgeneratedinitsfinalform，asadatamessageorotherwise；and(b)whereitisrequiredthatinformationbepresented，thatinformationiscapableofbeingdisplayedtothepersontowhomitistobepresented.(2)Paragraph(1)applieswhethertherequirementthereinisintheformofanobligationorwhetherthelawsimplyprovidesconseque