英文摘要写作Summary(ppt)

WritingaSummaryWritingaSummaryStep1:Step1:TakeafewminutestoTakeafewminutestopreviewpreviewthework.thework.Takeaquicklookatthefollowing:•titletitle••subtitlesubtitle••firstfirstandlastparagraphslastparagraphs•otheritems:••heads/subheadsheads/subheads••pictures/charts/diagramspictures/charts/diagrams••italictype/italictype/boldfaceboldfaceprintStep2Step2::ReadReadtheworkthroughafirsttime.theworkthroughafirsttime.1)Donotslowdownorturnback.2)Markmainpointsandkeysupportingdetails,including:•allitemsnotedinyourpreviewpreview•definitions,examples,andlistsStep3Step3::ReRe--readreadtheimportantareas.theimportantareas.1)Re-readmainpointsandkeysupportingdetailsyoumarkedthefirsttimearound.2)Markkeypointsyoumighthavemissed.Step4Step4::TakenotesTakenotesonthematerial.onthematerial.Concentrateongettingdownthemainideasandthekeysupportingpoints.Step5Step5::WriteWritethesummary.thesummary.••IdentifyIdentifytheauthor,title,anddateofpublicationatthetopofyourpaper.••ExpressExpressthemainpointsandkeysupportingdetailsinyourownwordsinyourownwords..••ReviseReviseyourfirstdraft.••ProduceProduceafinaldraft.WritingtheSummaryWritingtheSummary•Identifythemainwordorideaineachparagraph.•Paraphrasethemainidea•Compilesentenceparaphrases•RoughSummaryParagraphMainIdeaMainIdeaMainIdeaMainIdeaSummaryParaphraseWhatisMainIdea?WhatisMainIdea?•Subjectofparagraph•Actionofparagraph•Themeofparagraph•KeyideasofParagraphWhatisNOTMainIdea?WhatisNOTMainIdea?•Smalldetails•Subpoints•UnimportantactionsWhatisParaphrase?WhatisParaphrase?•Usingtheauthor’sideasbutyourownwordsandvocabulary.•Ifusingmorethanthreeorfourexactwordsoftheauthor,notaparaphrase.•Changethewordorder.•Changethevocabulary-nouns,verbs,etc.•Changethelength.ExampleParaphraseExampleParaphraseStudentsareexpectedtoreadcoursetextsbeforeclasstoprepareforclassdiscussion.•Doyourhomeworkbeforeclass.•Readtheassignedmaterial.•Preparationisimportant.•Others?WhatisRoughDraft?WhatisRoughDraft?•Writesentencesinorder•Couldtryorganizationalchart•Rearrangesentencesasneeded•AddOverallMainIdeawithcitationinformation(Thesis)•AddTransitionwords•CheckgrammarOrganizationalChartIdeasOrganizationalChartIdeasEveryonemusttakeresponsibilityforactions.Resourcesareavailable.AppropriateBehaviorisexpected.Beingontimeisimportant.SyllabusMainidea/keywordsChartintoSentencesChartintoSentencesSyllabusMainIdeaNotes1.Beingontimeisimportant.PossibleSentencesa)Mrs.Colemanstatesstudentsshouldn’tbetardyorturninlatework.b)Thesyllabusexplainswhatwillhappenifstudentsarenotontimewiththeirpresenceorwork.TurningwordsintosentencesTurningwordsintosentences••IngeneralcitethewriterIngeneralcitethewriterEx.ThewriterexplainsEx.Thewriterexplains…………Ex.ThewriterstatesEx.Thewriterstates…………••OrusethewriterOrusethewriter’’sname.Thefirstsname.Thefirsttimeusecompletename.Afterthattimeusecompletename.AfterthatonlylastnameonlylastnameCatherineColemanexplainsCatherineColemanexplains……ColemanstatesColemanstates……..Paraphrase,Summary,&QuoteParaphrase,Summary,&Quote•Aboutsameamountofwords(OwnWords)•Lesswords(OwnWords)•Quote(AuthorsWords)AcademicLanguageReportingVerbsAcademicLanguageReportingVerbsOtherwordsyoucanuseinsteadofOtherwordsyoucanuseinsteadof““sayssays””oror““tellstells””oror““talksabouttalksabout””findsfindspointsoutpointsoutreportsreportsdescribesdescribesadvisesadvisesasksasksclaimsclaimsassertsassertsinsistsinsistscontendscontendsimpliesimpliesbelievesbelievesproposesproposesdeclaresdeclaresrevealsrevealsestablishesestablishesnotesnotesobservesobservesexplainsexplainssuggestssuggestsmaintainsmaintainsAcademicLanguageAcademicLanguageSomeintroductoryphrases:Someintroductoryphrases:1.(Theauthor)statesin(thisarticle)that...1.(Theauthor)statesin(thisarticle)that...2.(Theauthor,in(thisarticle)showsthat...2.(Theauthor,in(thisarticle)showsthat...3.In(thisarticle),(theauthor)writesthat...3.In(thisarticle),(theauthor)writesthat...4.As(theauthor)saysin(thisarticle),...4.As(theauthor)saysin(thisarticle),...5.Themainideaof(theauthor'sarticle)is5.Themainideaof(theauthor'sarticle)isAcademicLanguageReportingVerbsAcademicLanguageReportingVerbsForexample:•Colemanstateslateworkisnotacceptable.•Colemanprovidesspecificdetailsaboutthesemester’sassignments.WritingaSummary:PointstoRememberWritingaSummary:PointstoRemember•Donotwriteanoverlydetailedsummary:thepointistoreducetheworktoitsessencereducetheworktoitsessence.•Useyourownvoice.Useyourownvoice.Donotimitatethestyleofthework.•QuoteQuotefromthematerialsparinglytoillustratemajorideas--sticktoparaphrasesticktoparaphraseforthemostpart.•PreservethebalanceandproportionPreservethebalanceandproportionoftheoriginalwork.If70%oftheworkisdevotedtooneidea,70%ofyoursummaryshouldcoverthesameidea.BeginningaSummaryBeginningaSummary•Mentionthefullnameoftheauthorandthetitleofthepiece(text).InCatherineColeman’sESL33Spring2008syllabus…BeginningaSummaryBeginningaSummary•Introductorysentenceshouldbegeneral–inonesentencetrytoprovideageneraloverview(considerthepurpose)ofthearticle…theinstructorprovidesdetailsforstudents'successfulcompletionoft