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2004/5/26192(2/3):NSC92-2520-S-032-0012003/8/1~2004/7/31_____________________________2________________________________________13STS___________35__51__________________________________62()/(STS)93.2.5100:92.12.150ee,??2.11.52502004/5/2629086868219090901.90822004/5/2632.90108243.90824.90822004/5/264182908290NCSS1989NCSS19941.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.2004/5/265reconceptualization90909022878686912004/5/266909191808083SSCED2NationalCouncilfortheSocialStudiesNCSS85912004/5/26787CommunityBasedInstructionSSCEDSocialStudiesCenterforEducatorDevelopmentSSCEDCommunityBasedInstruction1.2.3.2004/5/268咏861.2.3.909290b11.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.2004/5/2692004/5/261086a86b92921.2.3.2004/5/26111.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.862004/5/26122004/5/26132004/5/26142004/5/2615KWLKNOWWANTtolearnLEARN2004/5/2616RoundrobinCornersNumberedHeadsTogetherPairsCheckThreeStepInterviewThinkPairShareTeamWordWebbingInsideOutsideCircleCo-opJigsaw2004/5/2617PalincsarBrown1.2.3.4.JamesMadisonAlexanderHamiltonJamesMason2004/5/26181.2.3.4.5.2004/5/2619Nickerson1994PolyaHayesBransfordSteinIDEALPolya1.2.3.4.Hayes1.2.3.4.5.6.BransfordSteinIDEAL1.I(Identifytheproblem)2.D(Defineandrepresenttheproblem)3.E(Explorepossiblestrategies)4.A(Actonthestrategies)5.L(lookbackandevaluatetheeffectsofyouractivities)2004/5/2620ABBA2004/5/2621//2004/5/26221.2.3.4.5.6.Hyperstudio(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(6)(7)(8)(9)Science-Technology-SocietySTSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTS2004/5/2636SoutheastInitiativesRegionalTechnologyinEducationConsortium2001123456789*()2004/5/2637STSCheek1992STS2000STSSTS2001STSTsai2002STSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTSSTSNationalCouncilforSocialStudies,NCSS1994STS2004/5/2638STS20008-1-18-2-18-2-28-3-18-3-28-3-3STSSTS(Issues-based)STS20011.1995STSSTS2.STS(Yager1991)(1)(2)(3)(4)2004/5/263919955W1H5W1H(What)WhoWhenWhere(Why)How(What)3.STS1999(1)(2)(3)(4)(1)(2)4.2002:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)2004/5/2640STSSTS2000STSRubbaWiesenmayer19957-12STSSTS(2003)().().().().STSSTS(2003)WhatWhoWhereWhen2004/5/2641HowHowWhy()How2004/5/26422004/5/2643/62NCSS(1990)Heath(1992)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)STS()STS1997(Heath,1992)1.2.2004/5/2644/621.2.3.5W1H4.():2004/5/2645/62STSSTSSTSCheek,D.W.(1992).Thinkingconstructivelyaboutscience,technology,andsocietyeducation.NY:StateUniversityofNewYorkPress.Heath,P.A.(1992).OrganizingforSTSteachingandlearning:ThedoingofSTS.TheoryintoPractice,16,52-58.NCSS(1990).Teachingaboutscience,technologyandsocietyinsocialstudies:Educationforcitizenshipinthe21stcentury.Socialeducation.54,189-193.Rubba,P.,Wiesenmayer,R.,Rye,J.McLaren,M.,Sillman,K.,Yorks,K.,Yukish,D.,Ditty,T.,Morphew,V.,Bradford,C.,Dorough,D.andArabas,K.(1995).GlobalAtmosphericChange:EnhancedGreenhouseEffect,OzoneLayerDepletionandGroundLevelOzonePollution.ATeachersGuidetoaScience-Technology-SocietyIssueInvestigationandActionUnitforuseinMiddleandHighSchoolScience.PA:ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversity.SouthEastInitiativesRegionalTechnologyinEducationConsortium(2001).Factorsinfluencingtheeffectiveuseofthetechnologyforteachingandlearning:LessonsLearnedformtheSEIRTECIntensiveSiteSchools.RetrievedOctober31,2002,fromtheWorldWideWeb:(2002).Ascienceteacher’sreflectionsandknowledgegrowthaboutSTSinstructionafteractualimplementation.ScienceEducation,86(1),23-41.Yager,R.E.(1991).Theconstructivistlearningmodel.TheScienceTeacher,58,52-57.1995STS3115-1372001--STS9269-76(2003)STS(ICCAI2003)2003424-26(2004)501175-203.2000—()()()()STSA.I.()1A.I.2(~)()()8-3-18-3-28-3-3(1)(2)A.I.A.I.5252004/5/2648/62(3)1.2.3.4.渉(4)1.2.~~(1)1.2.5540()2004/5/2649/623.~~(2)1.2.3.4.5.~~40402004/5/2650/62~~2004/5/2651/6290868612004/5/2652/62187868691909191808083SSCED200312004/5/2653/62NationalCouncilfortheSocialStudiesNCSS859187CommunityBasedInstructionSSCED2003SocialStudiesCenterforEducatorDevelopmentSSCEDCommunityBasedInstruction9.2004/5/2654/6210.11.咏864.5.6.929211.2.2004/5/2655/623.4.5.6.7.8.9.2004/5/2656/6286a86b92924.5.6.2004/5/2657/6211.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.1.2.3.4.5.2004/5/2658/62921121.2.3.4.5.6.7.93.02.1393.05.121.2.3.4.5.6.7.1-2-31-3-11-3-32-2-12-3-23-3-49-2-22004/5/2659/621.2.3.1.65752.1.800--9252.3.1.2.3.4.5.1.—2004/5/2660/622...3.4.1.2.3.4.86863231-382004/5/2661/6286FMNSC86-2413-H023-006.咏86925427-32925433-468632291e233-249903-686a437844-5386b1514-189216207-24492541-17SocialStud