国际海洋渔业管理的发展历史及趋势

94Vol.9,No.4200012JOURNALOFSHANGHAIFISHERIESUNIVERSITYDec.,2000:1004-7271(2000)04-0348-07Developmentandtendencyofinternationalmarinefisheriesmanagement:2000207205:(1967-),,,,,1,2,2(1.,210095;2.,200090)CHENXin2jun1,2,ZHOUYing2qi2(1.NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China;2.ShanghaiFisheriesUniversity,Shanghai200090,China):;Keywords:Fisheriesmanagement;internationalmarinefishery:S937:A,,19,[1],,;,,,,[2]19,,,(),[2],,,,,,,,;,,200,35%,;25%;40%[3]15,4,9[4]40,4,1952185019898900,,[5]1970,2,19706[4]10,,,30%[4],,,©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[6],,,1.119,,19,,,,,19,:1958,,,,[4][7]:1858-1982,195819821958,,[8]1960,,,:1982-1992,1982199219731982,1994,,:1992,19925,,,,6,21,,()(199311)19821210()(19958)()(199510)(199810)(19993)1.21958,,9434:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[9]1982,,,[10],,,,[7],,90%,,,,,,,,,90,,,1.2.1,,,,,[9],1.2.2,,1.2.321,,,,,[11]21,,,1.2.4,,,,[12]1.2.519821210,1350,0539©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[13],,,,,1.2.6,,12,,1.2.7,[14],,,,20%30%2001,[15]1.2.8,,,,,,[1]1.3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1924,,[7],,70,,,80,,(TotalAllowableCatch,TAC),,1534:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(OECD)21TAC,,,,,,,,,22.1,,,80,,,,,2.1.1(),;;;[9],,(),,,2.1.219929,[16],,,,,,,,2.1.3,,19581982,,,,,,,,,2539©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[10],,,,2.290,,,2119821210,,,,,,,,,,,21,,,,,19992,,20032005,[15]3(1),,,(2)19,,,3534:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(3)90,,,(4),,,,80,(5)(),(6),,,(7),,,,,:[1]FAO.()[DB/OL][2]LawrenceJuda.InternationalLawandOceanUsemanagement-Theevolutionofoceangovernance[M].LandonandNewYork.Routledge,1996.17-20.[3]FAO.[M].:,1996.45-47.[4]AFO.TheGlobalFisheriesCrisis[DB/OL].[5]FAO.Futureoffishforfooddependsonbettermanagementofoceans[DB/OL].PR9831.[6].[J].,1998,18(6):308-309.[7]JAGulland.TheManagementofMarineFishery[M].Bristol:ScientechnicaLtd,1974.10-67.[8].[M].:,1990.8.[9],.[M].:,1994.38-39,60-65.[10]FAO.()[M].:,1992,27.[11]E.M.[M].:,1996.57-68.[12]FAO.()[DB/OL].[13]FAO.19821210()[DB/OL].[14].[J].,1999,75:60-61.[15].FAO[J].,1999,78:48-51.[16].[J].,1998(4):24-25.4539©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.