人教版选修六 虚拟语气

虚拟语气,你掌握了吗?Unit2PoemsLearningaboutlanguage高二人教新课标版选修六Iftherehadnotbeenanexchangeprogramme,如果没有一个交流项目的话,……exchangen.交换;交流;互换vt.&vi.调换;交换Anexchangeofopinionsishelpful.相互交换意见是有益的。We’llhaveanopportunitytoexchangeviewstomorrow.明天我们将有机会交换看法。LanguagePointsexchangesth.withsb.和某人交换某物inexchangefor交换exchangesth.forsth.用某物换某物exchangelooks交换眼色exchangeinformation交流信息exchangegreetings互相问候;打招呼exchangewords相互交谈用适当的介词填空①Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwords_____themanager.②Youcanexchangeyourcurrency____dollarsinthehotel.③WouldyoulikemyoldTVinexchange____thiscamera?withforfor1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句中3.虚拟语气用于定语从句中Grammar1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件从句从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反动词过去式(或were)should/would/could/might+动词原形had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词should/would/could/might+动词原形1.should+动词原形2.动词过去式3.wereto+动词原形Revision与现在事实相反：IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldhelphim.与过去事实相反：IfIhadhadtimeyesterday,Iwouldhavehelpedhim.与将来事实相反：IfIweretohavetimetomorrow,Iwouldhelphim.IfIshouldhavetimetomorrow,Iwouldhelphim.请记住以下例句,争取能脱口而出Ⅱ虚拟语气theSubjunctiveMood在名词性从句中我提议把那笔钱拿来买书老师要求学生在假期读一本书a)wish宾语从句b)当动词为insist;order,command;advise,suggest,propose;ask,demand,request,require,desire接宾语从句(should)doc)表示宁愿的宾从，wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon1）宾语从句a)wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反过去时(were)had+过去分词would/could/might+动词原形Hewishedhe______________________insuchaffairs.(involve)IwishI______abird.(be)hadneverbeeninvolvedwerepractice①三种基本形态表虚拟的时间从句形式现在did过去式过去进行式我真希望不是去北京过去(could/would)haddone我真希望昨天能跟你去将来could/would/should+do我真希望他再试一次b)表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气一个坚持______________两个命令_______________三个建议________________________四个要求_____________________________这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,desirec)．宁愿的wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon宾语从句中的虚拟语气表虚拟的时间从句形式现在did过去式过去进行式但愿现在是冬天过去(could/would)haddone我宁愿你那天告诉我事情的真相在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,advice,decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用should＋原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。例：2)、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)gothereatonce.Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.a)itis/was……..that…….(should)doadjdesirable,necessary,essential,natural我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的b)itis/was…a(pity)…..that…….(should)don,shame,suggestion,proposal,requirement,order,recommendation欺负女同学，真丢人C)itis/was…desired…..that…….(should)doArranged,ordered,proposed,recommended.需要给这台机器加油了3）主语从句Itisstrangethat_____________________.他居然会这样说,真是奇怪。Itisagreatpitythat___________________.他居然会这样想,真是一件憾事。It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+thatClause从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形he(should)saysohe(should)thinksoItisnaturalthat_________________________.鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。Itisnecessarythat_____________________________.有必要立即派他去北京。abird(should)restintreeshebesenttoBeijingrightaway在Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/etc.结构中要使用虚拟语气。如:It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Itisorderedthatallthetroops(should)withdrawthreemilesaway.根据命令,所有部队撤至三英哩以外。Itisarrangedthathe____________________________.照安排,他星期五动身去加拿大。Itissuggestedthat________________________________________.有人建议,英语晚会周六举行。leaveforCanadaonFridaytheEnglisheveningbeheldonSaturday虚拟语气theSubjunctiveMood在特殊句型中Iwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain.Iwouldrather_____________________.我宁愿他们明天来。Themanagerwouldratherthathissecretary__________________________________.经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。1.wouldrather后的宾语从句wouldratherthat与现在事实相反过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时与将来事实相反过去时theycametomorrowwenttothemeetinginsteadofhim以asif,asthough(似乎,仿佛)引出的方式状语从句,如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气;如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。如:Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhewasaman.Heactedasusualasthoughnothinghadhappened.Theboyacted____hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since2.asif,asthough引导的从句A3.由ifonly(要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。IfonlyIhadpassedthetest！Ifonlyitstoppedraining！比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”;ifonly则表示“如果……就好了”。Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。Iwakeup__________thealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。___________thealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了,就好了。__________hecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。onlyifIfonlyIfonly虚拟用于ifonly中①三种基本形态表虚拟的时间从句形式现在did过去式过去进行式要是我知道你需要什么就好了过去(could/would)haddone他要是昨天能准时到就好了将来could/would/should+do要是明天妈妈能给我五块钱就好了Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形,但should不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.Itishightimethat__________________.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。Itistimethat______________________.该是他作出决定的时候了。4、Itis(high)timethatwehadourlunchhemadeuphismind虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。如:Wouldyoumindsmokinghere？Mayyoubelucky！LonglivethepeopleofChina！Godsaveme.一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),inthatcase(如果是那样的话),表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气。Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.典型例题_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI在虚拟条件状语中如果有were,should,had这三个