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名词性从句专讲专练I．引导词A．连词：that(没有实在意义，不充当句子成份)whether（是否，不充当句子成份，可以引导各类名词性从句，一般可以和or,ornot连用）if（是否，不充当句子成份，引导宾语从句。注意：它还可以引导条件状语从句，表“如果”）asif（好像，可引导表语从句。注意：它还可以引导方式状语从句。）because(因为，可引导表语从句。它还可以引导原因状语从句。)B．连接代词：who（谁，在从句中作主语、表语）whom（谁，在从句中作宾语、表语）whose（谁的，在从句中作定语）what（在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语时泛指事物，没有具体的含义，但作定语时可以翻译为“什么”；另外，它还可以用来询问“价格，人口等”，表示“多少”）which（哪一个/些，在从句中充当宾语和定语，一般强调在某一范围内的（哪个//些….）whoever(无论谁，在从句中作主语、表语)whomever(无论谁，在从句中作宾语)whosever（无论谁的，在从句中作定语）whatever（在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语时可以翻译为“无论什么”）whichever（无论哪一个/些，一般在从句中充当宾语、和定语，而且强调在某一范围中的“无论哪一个/些”）C．连接副词：(注意：所有的连接副词在从句中都是充当状语)when（什么时候）where（哪里/在某处）why（为什么）how（1、多么，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）howmany（多少，后接可数名词）howmuch（多少，接不可数名词）howlong（多长，指时间，回答可用“for+一段时间”）howfar（多远，指路程或距离）howsoon（多快，指时间，回答可用“in+一段时间”）howfast(多快，指速度)however（1、无论多么，后接形容词或副词；2、怎么样，如何，修饰动词，说明动作实行的方式）wherever(无论哪里)whenever（无论何时//什么时候）Cf.nomatterhownomatterwherenomatterwhen只能引导让步状语从句II.各类名词性复合句的句型结构特点：A．主语从句：主语从句+主句的谓语动词+（宾语）+状语或其他Thathefailedthemathexamsurprisedallofus.Thatyoujoinedusmadeallofushappy.Thathedidn’tcareformoneywasalie.Whetherwe’llgooutforanoutingdependsontheweather.Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.B．宾语从句：a.主句的主语+主句的谓语动词（vt.//vi.+prep./adv.）+宾语从句Themanagercameouttoseewhatwasthematter.Haveyoudecidedwhichsubjectyouaregoingtochoose?Heaskedmehowsoonwewouldfinishthework.Wehavetofindoutwhosefaultitwas.b.主句的主语+主句的谓语+其他+介词+宾语从句Theimportanceofbringinginnewmachinesliesinthattheycanhelptoproducemoreclothes.Thesoldiersstoodtherestillexceptthathislipsweremoving.Whatweeatnowisverydifferentfromwhatweusedtoeat.FinallytheydecidedtosettleinwhatiscalledNewEnglandnow.Givethebooktowhomeveryoumeetintheclassroom.IknownothingaboutwhetherMr.Smith’soperationhadbeensuccessful.C．表语从句：主句的主语+主句的谓语动词be//linkv.+表语从句Thequestioniswhetherourmeetingshouldbeputoff.Heisalazyboyandthatiswhyheisalwayslateforschool.D．同位语从句：抽象名词+同位语从句（一般用that引导-----陈述语气）常见的抽象名词有：truthfactnewsinformationidea//viewpoint------haveanidea----陈述语气havenoidea-----疑问语气problemquestionbelieffaithordercommandrequestrequirementdemandsuggestionadviceproposalinsistencefearhopewishThequestionwhetherhewillcomeornotisnotsettled.Doyouhaveanyideawhenhewillsetoff?Ididn’tknowthefactthathewasangryuntilyoutoldme.Nothingcanchangehisfaiththathecanbeaverysuccessfulmaninthenearfuture.Theideathatwetryagainisagoodone.III.各类从句的特定句型：1）主语从句：用it作形式主语的句型a.It+be+adj.//n.+主语从句**Itisnatural//important//necessary//surprising//strange//funny+that引导的主语从句，从句的谓语动词可以用(should)+do//bedone的形式ItisnaturalthatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.Itisimportantthatwe(should)keepthebalanceofnature.Itisnaturalthatyou(should)forgetitfirst.Itisstrangethatyou(should)sayno.b.It+be+V.(p.p.)+主语从句ItisrequestedthatMissWang(should)giveaspeechatthemeeting.Itissuggestedthatwe(should)haveameetingnextweek.Itisorderedthatwe(should)gototheplacewhereweareneededbest.c.It(so)+happened+主语从句ItsohappenedthatIwasatthespotatthattime.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.d.It+matters//mattered(much//little)+主语从句Itmattersmuchwhetheryouaredeterminedornotifyouwanttosucceed.e.It+doesn’t//didn’tmatter+主语从句Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherwehavemoneyornot..f.It+seems//seemed(tosb)+adj.//n.+主语从句Itseemstomequitestrangethatheshouldbesorudetohisclassmates.g.It+depends+主语从句Itdependswhetherwecandoitwithfewerworkersandlessmoney.h.Itisnowonder+that主语从句Itisnowonderthathegothighmarksintheexam.Itisnowonderthatyoumisunderstoodhim.i.Itmakesno//little//great…difference+主语从句Itwon’tmakeanydifferencewhethershewillaccepttheinvitationornot.Itmadegreatdifferencewhetherhewouldcometomybirthdaypartyornot.2）宾语从句：用it作形式宾语的句型a.make//find//feel//think//consider//believe//suppose+adj.//n.+宾语从句Ineverbelieveittruethatheisdishonest.Ithinkitwrongthattheyoungdon’trespecttheold.You’dbettermakeitclearthatyouareonlyaboy.Doyouthinkitapitythatshecan’tcometoourparty?b.主句的主语+主句的谓语+it+宾语从句Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.Idislikeitwhenhespoketomelikethat.NeverdependonitthatGodwillhelpyou.Whydon’tyoubringittohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?1.Itdependson+宾语从句2.主句的主语+主句的谓语+it+宾语从句Ihearditsaidthathewaskilledinthebattle.3）表语从句：a.Itlooks/lookedasif-clauseItlooksasif//asthoughsomeonewererunningafterhernow.Itlooksasif//asthoughsheweretwoyearsyoungertoday.Itlooksasif//asthoughshehadn’tdonethatatall.Itlooksasif//shewouldliveanother100years.b.Itseems//seemedthat-clauseItseemsthatheisverydisappointed.c.Itappears//appearedthat-clauseItappearedthathecoulddoeverythingpossibletohelpthepoor.d.That’s//Thisis+表语从句ThatiswhatIwantedtosaytoyou.e.Itisbecause…IfyouaskedmewhyIfiredyou,Iwouldsaythatitwasallbecauseyouwereaslazyasapig.4)同位语从句：a.havenoidea+同位语从句Sorry,Ireallyhavenoideawhereshelives.HaveyouanyideawhensheisleavingforBeijing?b.haveanidea+that引导同位语从句Ihaveanideathatshewon’tleavemewhateverhappens.c.thereisnoneed//nodoubt+that引导同位语从句Thereisnoneedthatyouworryabouthissafety,yousee,heisabigboynow.Thereisnodoubtthatheisdevotedtoyou.d.thereis(great)doubt+同位语从句Thereisgreatdoubtwhohavestolenthecar.e.Wordcame+that引导同位语从句(为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。)Wordcamet