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名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句在复合句中起名词作用的整个从句叫做……。在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever连接副词how(ever),why,where,when(ever),wherever连接词that,whether,if,because,asif/asthough（不充当从句的任何成分）引导名词性从句的关联词thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow从句引导词:1._______heknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.他懂英语,这一点大家都知道令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.3.________hewillcomeisunknown.4.__________heiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.他来不来没什么要紧的他什么时候来不清楚.That无词义无成分,不可省略What“什么”,“所….的样子/内容”在从句中充当主语，宾语，或表语2.______surprisedmewastoseehimhere.When“什么时候”主语从句只用whether不用if位于句首一、主语从句subjectclauseThatWhatWhenWhether突破名词性从句的关键：“缺什么补什么”原则5.___________breakstherulewillbepunished.Whoever1.Itwasquiteclear_____hisunclewasfondofmusic.2.Itisimportantthatwe____________(study)hard.3.Itremainsasecret______theyclimbedupthemountain.注意：主语从句一般位于句首，但有时也可置于形式主语it引导的句子中，位于谓语动词之后。连词that不可省，在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用.that(should)studyhow主语太长了!放到句尾(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识Itisnowonderthat…=Nowonderthat…难怪…(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句Itisnatural/strange/important/obviousthat…很自然/奇怪的/很重要的是/很明显的是…Itislikelythat…=sb./sth.islikelytodo很有可能(3)It＋不及物动词＋从句Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itseems/appearsthat…似乎…Itoccurstomethat…我突然想到…(4)Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itisreported/saidthat…据报道…,/据说…=Sb./Sth.isreported/saidtodo/bedoing/havedone(5)Itdoesn’tmatter/makesnodifferencewh-没关系/影响。Itisobviousthatheisthebeststudentinclass._______________________________isobvious.Thatheisthebeststudentinclass区别下列句子：1.It’sreported____manypeoplediedofSARS.2._____isreported,manypeoplediedofSARS.3.______isreportedis_____manypeoplediedofSARS.thatAsWhatthatItisuncertain__theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how二、宾语从句ObjectClause宾语从句通常位于动词,介词之后。（连词that在从句中不充当成分，可省略,但and或but连接两个由that引导的宾从时，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省。）•Wedonotagreethecomputerhelpsusalot.•Theysaidtheywerestrangersand____theylosttheirway.•IwishI__________(go)tothepartylastnight.•Isuggestedhe______________(go)tothepartylastnight.(that)(that)thathadgone(should)go②在表示建议、愿望、要求，命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形或是动词原形。(p90页)①“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”Iunderstand_______(all______)yousaid.Ican’tbelieve_______isreported.Acarpassedmeat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.whatthatwhatwhatwhat在从句中作主语或宾语或表语③what从句相当于“先行词+引导的定语从句”。(p90页)找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.掌握：whether和if的区别：引导宾语从句时whether,if一般可通用。但在下列情况下一般只用whether。1.在动词discuss之后。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosethestore.2.介词之后。Justnowtheytalkedaboutwhethertheywouldhelpus.3.后面紧跟ornot时，一般只用whether。Hedidn’tsaywhetherornothewouldbestayinghere.4.后面跟不定式时，一般只用whether。Hedoesn’tknowwhethertogotoBeijing(ornot).5.引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时1.Idon’tknow_________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_____ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_____thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6.Themanageraskedmethequestion________Iwouldliketobehissecretary.7.__youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf用if或whether填空whether(如果)（是否）Hehasmade______clear____hewillnotgivein.Theyfound____pleasant_____theyworkedwithusChinese.Theheadmasterhasmade_____clear______theschoolmeetingwillnotbeputoff.itthatitthatitthat④如果动词（find,feel,make,think,consider,believe,suppose,等）宾语从句后还有宾语补足语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，则用it作形式宾语，而将真正的that宾语从句后置。但我们常会碰到it用作形式宾语时之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语的情况，这一点在近几年高考试题中经常涉及，需引起大家的注意1.Ihate_____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET2008)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them(答案为:A)我讨厌人们一边吃饭一边说话。2.Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(全国卷2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one(答案为:C)我喜欢秋天晴朗的天气。We’llseeto__________shegetshomeearly.Ihate\dislike_______whensomeonesmokesintheoffice.I’llappreciate_______ifyoucometoourparty.itthatitit一些介词或动词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。还有些动词后接宾语从句习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it，这类词有:A)动词＋it＋when/if从句。常见于appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer等少数动词之后。B)动词+介词(短语)+it+that从句。常见于answerfor,dependon,relyon,insiston,lookto,seeto,stickto等结构中。Heisagoodstudentexcept_____heiscareless.Iknownothingabouthimexcept_____youtoldme.Heusuallygoestoschoolonfootexcept______itrains.Heusuallygoestoschoolonfootexcept_____rainydays.Icouldsaynothingbut______Iwassorry.onwhatwhenthatthat⑤连词that引导的从句很少作介词宾语,一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句,但在except,but,in等之后也可跟that引导的宾语从句。Idon’tsupposehecares,__________?Youdon’tsupposehecares,__________?Hesupposesyoudon’tcare,___________?doeshedoyoudoesn’the如