英语关联词用法

英语关联词用法英语关联词—并列连词1并列连词在句子中不做成分,仅表示前后关系.1.用于连接彼此互补依存的对等的成分.1)连接语词:slowbutsafe/eitherthisweekornextweek2)连接分句:Iwentandshealso.2.可分别表示下列关系.1)转折:but,yet,however,neverthe-less2)因果:so,for,therefore3)选择r,either…or,neither…nor英语关联词—并列连接词24)并列和递进:and,both…and,aswellasnotonly…but(also)英语关联词—关联词关联词用于引导从句.1.名词从句:Hedoesn'tknowwhatsheis.2.副词从句:Ifhecomes,I'llgiveittoyou.3.形容词从句:He'sthebeststudentI'veevertaught.英语关联词—连接词1关联词的类别及所表示的关系要特别注意关联词在从句中(及某些连接词在短语中)所担当的成分,这是正确使用关连词的关键.1.连接词:引导名词从句,在从句中不做成分.1)that(无含义):Isaidthathewaswrong.2)whether(if)(表示不确定性或选择关系):Idon'tknowwhetheritiscorrect.英语关联词—连接词22.连接代词1)引导名词从句,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语和定语.A.who/which作主语(口语who中可做宾语,但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词):Iaskedhimwhocameintotheroom./Iaskedhimwho(m)hesawwhom/which做宾语:Askhimwhichhewants.英语关联词—关联词3C.whose做宾语(=whosething(s))/定语:Iwonderwhosehousethatis.D.what做上面提及的各种成分:Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.Whatcanbedone2)与不定式连用,在其中多做主语和宾语.Wecan'tdecidewhomtoinvite.Wemustdecidewhattodo.Icouldn'tdecidewhichtochoose.英语关联词—关联词43.连接副词引导名词从句或与不定式连用,在从句中做状语.1)how:That'showIlookatit.2)where:Idon'tknowwherehelives.3)when:Tellmewhentousethetool.4)why:I'lltellyouwhyyouhavetodoit.英语关联词—关系词14.关系代词1)who表示人,在从句中做主语和表语(口语who中可做宾语,但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词):Themanwhospokeismyteacher.Idon'tknowwhoheis.ThemanwhoIsawtoldmethat.2)whom表示人,在从句中做宾语和表语:ThemanwhomIsawtoldmethat.英语关联词—关系词23)whose表示某人/物的,ofwhich表示某物的,在从句中做定语:That'sthemanwhosesonismypupil.Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthisherbedroom.Theroomofwhichthewindowfacessouthisherbedroom.英语关联词—关系词34)which表示物,在从句中做主语和表语:Ilikethepicturewhichwastakeninfrontofthemainbuilding.5)that表示人/物,在从句中做主语和宾语;注意下列关于that作为关系代词的用法.A.现行词前有最高级形容词修饰时:ThisisthebestfilmthatI'veeverseen.英语关联词—关系词4B.先行词是下列词语或为其所修饰修饰时:thefirst,thelast,theonly,thesame,thevery,all,any,no,every.Thisisthelastchancethatyouhave.YouaretheonlyfriendthatIhave.Hetoldmeallthatheknew.英语关联词—关系词5C.先行词是下列不定代词或为其所修饰修饰时:much,little,none,everything/body,nothing,nobody.There'snothingintheworldthatcanfrightenhim.D.以Who/Which开始的句子,其后的定语从句中的关系代词不使用who/which,而代之以that.WhothatknowshimwouldtrusthimWhichofthesebusesistheonethatgoestoLondon英语关联词—关系词6E.人和事物/动物同为先行词时:Themanandthehorsethatfellintotheriverweredrowned.6)关系代词做介词宾语.A.一般介词可放在whom/which的前面或其所在的从句的句尾,关系代词为that时,只可放在其所在的从句的句尾.Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice英语关联词—关系词7IsthisthecarwhichyoupaidahighpriceforIsthisthecarthatyoupaidahighpriceforIsthisthecaryoupaidahighpriceforB.介词during,except以及表示(从整体中)分割(出部分)的介词of等介词要放在关系代词的前面:英语关联词—关系词8Theyearsduringwhichhewasawaywerelongyearstoher.Hewrotemanybooks,someofwhichC.其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的介词必须放在其动词之后,不可放在关系代词之前:Thisisthebookwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.7)关系代词的省略.A.关系代词作宾语时:ThegirlIworkwithiscoming.英语关联词—关系词9B.that在定语从句中做表语时:HeisnotthemanthathewaswhenIsawhimfirst.HeisnotthemanhewaswhenIsawhimfirst.5.关系副词在定语从句中均做状语.1)where地点:That'sonepointwhereI'dlikeyouradvice.英语关联词—关系词102)when时间:AtthetimewhenIsawhim,hewasill.3)why原因:ThatisthereasonwhyIcamesoearly.4)that方式/时间/原因Ilikethewaythat/inwhichhedidit.英语关联词—关系词11Thatwasthefirsttime(that)Isawhim.Thereasonwhy/thathewasdismissedisnoteasytoexplain.5)inwhich/atwhich=whereThisistheschoolinwhich/atwhich/whereheworks.6)forwhich=whyIdon'tthereasonforwhichheleft.英语关联词—关系词127)onwhich=whenThedayonwhichshewasbornwas22September,1988.