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WarmingupSkimmingDiggingCriticalthinkingLanguageinuseUnfamiliarwordsInterpretingTalkingpointWarmingup➊Workinpairs.Check(✓)thepersonalqualitieswhichyouthinkapplytoyourself.MoreMoreWarmingupNowcheck(✓)thepersonalqualitieswhichyouthinkapplytoyourpartnerandcompareyourideasabouteachother.Warmingup➋Workinpairsanddiscussthequestions.1WhichofthepersonalqualitiesinActivity1arepositive?Hard-working,fair,thoughtfulandsocialareallpositive.Thentherearesomequalitieswhicharepositiveinsmallamounts:respect,ambition,strongwillandlikingtogivetoothers.Havingtoomuchofthese,however,canbeharmful.2Whichofthemarenegative,andwhy?Shynessisnegative–notinthesenseofbeingbad,butitmakeslifeharder.Envyisugly.Argumentativepeoplearenopleasuretobewith.Iamnotsureaboutlikingtobealone.Ifitmeansavoidingpeople,it’snegative,butifitmeansyouarehappytospendtimealonereadingandthinking,that’srathergood.Warmingup3.Whichpersonalqualitiesdoyouneedtobesuccessfulinajob?Well,thatdependsonthejob!Butbeinghard-workingisalwaysright,andthinkingcarefullymustalwaysbegood.Isupposewecangobeyondthelisthere–kindnessandlikingtogivetootherswillbringyoufriends,asenseofbeautyisimportantandbeingfaithfultothoseyouworkwithmeansyouneverhavetofeelguilty.4.Whichpersonalqualitiesdoyouneedtobehappyinlife?WarmingupWatchavideoclipofThePursuitofHappinessanddiscussthequestion.Doyouhaveanyexperiencewhenyousuccessfullyhandleothers’questionornegativecommentwithouttakingitpersonally?Warmingup➊Lookatthetitleofthepassageandcheck(✓)thetwokindsofjudgmentyouexpecttoreadabout.☐1guiltyornotguilty☐2fairornotfair☐3objectiveorsubjective☐4anendgoalorameanstosomethingelseNowreadthepassagebyPaulGrahamandcheckyourideas.Skimming◇Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit.◇AnswerthequestionsofActivity2and3onpage4.TaskSkimming➋Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage.1.Therearetwotypesofjudgmentwhicharemadeaboutpeople.Mostofthemarenotconcernedaboutthetypeofpersonweare,butaremadeforsomeotherreason,suchastoprovidemembersforanorganization,likeateam,acompanyoracollege.Soifwearenotchoseninthesecircumstances,weshouldn’tfeelhurtaboutit.Answer:Correct.Skimming2.Itismoreusefultothinkofsomeonewhohastoselectpeople(forajob,forexample,orforadmissiontoacollege)asacustomerratherthanasajudge.Thisisbecausethereisneveranything“personal”aboutselectingsomeoneforaprize,orateam.Rather,theprocessofselectingpeopleismorelikeabusinesstransaction,anditisvitalnottomakeamistake.SkimmingAnswer:Thefirsthalfagreeswiththepassage,buttheoverallemphasisisonselectorswhereasthepassageisaddressedtoyoungpeopleapplyingforcollegesandjobs.Selectingsomeoneforaprizeisactuallymorelikethefirsttypeofjudgment–theremightbeonlyasecond’sdifferencebetweentwogreatathletesbutthatseconddecideswhowinsthegoldmedal.Insomerespectsthetwoathletesareequal,butnotwhenitcomestotheprize.Onthetopicofnotmakingamistake,ofcoursenobusinesswantsapooremployee,butthepassagearguesthisisunlikelyastherearealwaysanumberofsuitablecandidates.Skimming3.Weareconstantlyinvolvedinjudgingotherpeople.Mostofthetimethisisnotinanyformalsituation,suchasalawcourt,butinformally,atworkorschool,orevenwhenwearelookingforapartnertodate.Buttherearetwotypesofjudgment–goodorbad–andifwemakeawrongjudgmentwewillprobablyregretit.Answer:Thepassageisnotconcernedwithgoodorbadjudgments,andthestressisnotonthereadermakingjudgments,buttheirreactiontobeingjudged.Skimming➌Answerthequestions.1Whathavecourtcasesgotincommonwithcompetitions?2Whyisitnaturaltothinkthatalljudgmentsareaboutusaspersons?Thejudgmentswereceiveaschildrenareofthistypesoweexpectlaterjudgmentstobethesame.Whenwehireordatesomeone,wearethinkinglessofthemthanofwhatwewant,andthereareanumberofpossibilitiesforustochoosefrom.3Whyishiringsomeonelikedatingsomeone?Theiraimistojudgeindividualsaccurately.Skimming4Whatdoesthewriterhopetoshowbyusingtheexampleofchoosingateam?5Whyisn’titimportantifthewrongdecisionismadeinaborderlinecase?Thepeopleontheborderlinearebasicallyofthesamelevelofability.Thatchoicesareoftennotmadeonthebasisofperfectlyaccuratejudgmentsofrelativeability.Therecanbemorethanonegoodchoiceandoftennotbeingchosendoesnotmeansomeoneisinadequate.Skimming6Whyisitimportanttothinkofaselectorasacustomerratherthanasajudge?7Whyshouldpeopletakerejectionlesspersonally?Unlessweareunusual,therewillalwaysbeplentyofcandidatesofthesameabilityasus.Theselectorhastomakeachoicebutthatchoicedoesnotproveanyone’sinferiority.Itmakesusseethesituationinalessself-centredway.Theselectorislookingforwhatappealstothemratherthanjudgingourability.Itmayalsomotivateustosellourselvesactively.Twokindsofjudgement译文Digging1Therearetwodifferentwayspeoplejudgeyou.Sometimesjudgingyoucorrectlyistheendgoal.Butthere’sasecondmuchmorecommontypeofjudgmentwhereitisn’t.Wetendtoregardalljudgmentsofusasthefirsttype.We’dprobablybehappierifwerealizedwhichareandwhicharen’t.MP3MP3Digging译文译文MP3MP32Thefirsttypeofjudgment,thetypewherejudgingyouistheendgoal,includescourtcases,gradesinclasses,andmostcompetitions.Suchjudgmentscanofcoursebemistaken,butbecausethegoalistojudgeyoucorrectly,there’susuallysomekind