陈文礼试讲-高中英语定语从句课件

TheAttributiveClause主讲人：陈文礼定语从句是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点，也是学习的一个难点，更是高考英语常考的一个内容。定语从句在高考各个题型中都会涉及到，掌握定语从句对于语言理解具有相当重要的意义。定语从句在高考单项填空试题考查中，大多考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。总结最近十年来高考单项填空试题中所考查到的定语从句，发现常考的一共有八种类型，本文将对此作一小结。定语从句是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点，也是学习的一个难点，更是高考英语常考的一个内容。定语从句在高考各个题型中都会涉及到，掌握定语从句对于语言理解具有相当重要的意义。定语从句在高考语法填空、完形填空、短文改错试题考查中，大多考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。总结最近年来高考试题中所考查到的定语从句本节课主要学习第一部分“关系代词引导的定语从句”。为什么而学？定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的句子成分。形容词、代词、数次、名词、分词、介词短语、副词等可以作定语。Q1：什么是定语？那些词可以作定语？Eg.Sheboughtawhitedress.Ihavenothingtosay.在复合句中，用来说明主句中某个名词或代词（有时也可是整个主句或其一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。（相当于形容词）Q2：句子可以做定语吗？Eg.Sheboughtadresswhichiswhite.IhavenothingthatIwanttosay.WhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorterWhichoneisHarryPorter?Theboy_______________________isHarryPorter.whoiswearingglasses定语从句一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when，why二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.引导定语从句的关系代词1.表示人的who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语③that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.可省略④whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.2.which,that的用法which,that作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略3.只能用that不用which的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.重点来了！！！③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.3.关系词只用which不用that的情况。关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.先行词为that时。•Theclockisthatwhichcantellusthetime.钟是报时的装置。关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时只用which不用that。•HeseemsnottohaveunderstoodwhatI'vesaid,whichupsetsmegreatly.他似乎没有明白我所说的话，这使我很心烦。③在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系词which，不能使用关系词that。Jackwaslateforschoolathirdtimeduringtheweek,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。•定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。•限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思就会不明确，不完整。•非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间常用“逗号”分开。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性限制性高考链接：1.Creatinganatmosphereemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.【2015·浙江】A.asB.whoseC.inwhichD.atwhich2.Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.【2015·四川】A．whichB.whatC.whoseD.that高考链接：3.Ihavemanyfriends,some_____arebusinessmen.(2005年全国卷I)A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom4.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(2001年全国卷I)A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where单句语法改错：1.Thestudentwho’sbookIhadborroweddidn’tcometoschooltoday.2.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous.3.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.4.Zootopiaistheoneofthebestfilmswhichhavebeenshownrecently.参考答案：1.who's改为whose；2.which改为that;3.that改为whom；4.which改为that。(which/that)who/thatwhosewhich/that请选择适当的关系词代词填空：who,that,whom,which,whose1.Ihaveafriend___________likeslisteningtotheclassicalmusic.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_____________Igaveher.3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeagoodfootballplayer.4.Kateisreadingabook____________istoodifficultforher.1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.who/thatwho/whom/thatwhosewhich/thatthat/which巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空1.Thefamily_____________I’mstayingwithlivesintown.2.Iknowthestudent______articlewaspublished.3.Betty,_____hasneverbeenabroad,isstudyingEnglishverywell.4.Myparentsliveinahouse____________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_____Johnspokeismybrother.6.Luckilynoneofthepeople______Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.(which/that)whosewho?thatwhich/thatwhomwhom?省略