2015专四语法考点情态动词

2015专四语法考点：情态动词*情态动词:will（愿意）,shall（将）,must（必须）,can,may,would,should(应该),might,could,oughtto,usedto（过去常常）,need（需要）,dare（竟敢），haveto（不得不）考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测）（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法考点1.情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测(1)musthavev-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t/couldn’thavev-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事。1.Nancy'sgonetoworkbuthercar'sstillthere.She_musthavegone___bybus.2010A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegoneC.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegone2.She_musthavebeen____fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.2009/2007A.mustbeB.hadbeenC.couldbeD.musthavebeen3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesprobability可能性超级大啊?2008A.Youmustleaveimmediately.B.Youmustbefeelingrathertired.C.Youmustbeherebyeighto'clock.D.Youmustcompletethereadingassignmentontime.4.He_couldnothavecaught____the8:20busbecausehedidn’tleavehometill8:25.(1994)A.cannot/couldn’thavecaughtB.oughttohavecaughtC.shouldn’thavecaughtD.mustnothavecaught5.–“Shemustbeinthedormitorynow.”--“No,she_cannot___bethere.Isawherintheclassroomaminuteago.”(1994)A.mustn’tB.can’tC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t6.–“Thedoorwasopen.”--“It_cannothavebeen___open.Ihadlockedinmyselfandthekeywasinmypocket.”(1992)A.can’tbeB.mustn’tbeC.can’thavebeenD.mustn’thavebeen(2)couldhavev-ed表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。(3)may/mighthavev-ed表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.1.He__mayhaveacted__unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.(1999)A.mayhaveactedB.musthaveactedC.shouldactD.wouldact(4)oughtto/shouldhavev-ed和oughtnotto/shouldn’thavev-ed用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”表示应完成而未完成的动作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作1.Aren'tyoutired?I_shouldhavethought___youhaddoneenoughfortoday.2009A.shouldhavethoughtB.musthavethoughtC.mighthavethoughtD.couldhavethought(5)needn’thavev-ed表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。注意：didnotneedtodo动作并没发生。例：Ididn’tneedtogetupearly,soIgotupuntil9a.m.1.You_neednothavetold___Jimanythingaboutit.Itwasnoneofhisbusiness.(2000/1998)A.needn’thavetoldB.needn’ttellC.mustn’thavetoldD.mustn’ttell2.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we_neednothavedressedup____soformally.(1996)A.neednothavedressedupB.mustnothavedressedupC.didnotneedtodressupD.mustnotdressup3.Themeeting’sbeencancelled.Ann_neednothavedone___allthatwork.(1995)A.needtodoB.needhaveC.needn’thavedoneD.needednottodo考点2.特殊用法(1)can't“不可能”（表推测）,maynot“可能不”（表推测）,mustn’t(mustnot)“不要;禁止”;usednot／usedn’tto或didn’tuseto…过去不…(2)should表示惊讶1.Iamsurprised_thatyoushouldthink_thiscityisadullplacetolivein.2006A.thatyoushouldthinkB.bywhatyouarethinkingC.thatyouwouldthinkD.withwhatyouwerethinking(3)用于过去式中，can常表示能过做某事，但事实不一定去做；beableto则表示能做某事并且已经做了。1.Iwenttherein1984,andthatwastheonlyoccasionwhenI_wasabletomake_______thejourneyinexactlytwodays.2005A.musttakeB.musthavemadeC.wasabletomakeD.couldmake(4)Can’tbut+V.,表示不得不，与haveto同义。Can’thelp+Ving,can’thelpbut+V.表示忍不住。(5)may/mightaswell+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于hadbetter(6)maywell+动词原形”是一种常见的结构，意为“（完全）能，很可能”:Hemaywellbeproudofhisson.他大可为儿子高兴。(7)mayaswellas还是…好了e.g.Youmayaswellasgivehimtheletter.(8)may……but….表转折(9)cannot…too/enough表示“无论怎么……也不算过分”、“越……越好”(10)hadbetterdodth最好做某事。1.Thatmanhasabadreputation.You_hadbetternothave_____anythingtodowithhim.1991A.hadbetternothaveB.havebetterhaveC.havebetternothaveD.hadbetternottohave(11)其它1.I_wastohavefinished___writingthepaperasscheduled,butmymother’sillnessA.amtohavefinishedB.wastohavefinishedC.wastofinishD.oughttofinish2.They_donothavetoleave___atipiftheserviceispoor.(1990)A.don’thavetoleaveB.mustnoleaveC.cannotleaveD.donotleave