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选修8Unit1—Unit5Unit3Inventorsandinventions基础梳理1．________(adj.)被动的；消极的；被动语态的2．________(vt.)抓住；捉住；夺3．________(n.)文件；档案；文件夹(vt.)提交；将……归档4．________(adj.)冰冻的；严寒的5．________(vt.)忍受；忍耐；负担6．________(vt.)轻打；轻拍；轻敲(n.)轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7．________(adj.)稳固的；稳定的；安定的8．________(adj.)实际的；实践的；实用的重点单词passiveseizefilefreezingbeartapstablepractical9．________(n.)(水或气)流；电流(adj.)现在的；当前的10．________(n.)产品11．__________(adj.)便利的；方便的；就近的→___________(n.)便利；方便→______________(adj.)不方便的；引起麻烦的12．________(n.)小心；谨慎→________(adj.)小心的；谨慎的→__________(adv.)小心地；谨慎地13．__________(vi.&vt.)显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别→_____________(adj.)卓越的；著名的；杰出的currentproductconvenientconvenienceinconveniencecautioncautiouscautiouslydistinguishdistinguished14．________(adj.)宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→________(n.)宽大；仁慈15．________(vt.)联想；联系(n.)同伴；伙伴→_____________(n.)社团；协会；联合；联想16．________(adj.)突然的；意外的→________(adv.)突然地，唐突地17．___________(n.)预料；期待；期望→________(vt.)预料；期待；期望；认为18．________(adj.)清白的；无罪的；天真的→__________(n.)天真，清白mercifulmercyassociateassociationabruptabruptlyexpectationexpectinnocentinnocence1．________________给……打电话2．________________偶尔；有时3．________________开始；着手4．________________迅速把手伸入；一心投入5．________________开始(做)6．________________不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7．________________次序颠倒；发生故障8．________________设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9．________________回复电话10．________________挂断电话重点短语callupnowandthensetaboutdiveintosetout(todo)hangonoutofordergetthroughringbackringoff1．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。[解读]本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。[仿写]努力学习，你会被一所重点大学录取。Workhardand________________________akeyuniversity.经典句型答案：youwillbeadmittedto2．Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。[解读]so...that...引导结果状语从句。[仿写]他的计划如此实用以至于我们大家都同意接受它。Hisplanwas________________________weallagreedtoacceptit.答案：sopracticalthat3．ThenextmorningIgotupearlybeforethesunwashot.第二天早上，天还不是很热，我就早早地起来了。[解读]before意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。[仿写]遭受地震袭击的地区，人们的生活要过很长时间才会恢复正常。______________________________thepeople'slifeinearthquakestrickenareasreturnstonormal.答案：Itwillbealongtimebefore4．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有获得了认证，你才可以说是一个真正的发明者。[解读]only＋状语位于句首部分倒装。[仿写]只有当他离开家时他才意识到他的家是多么的好。________whenhewasawayfromhome________________hownicehomewas.答案：Only；didherealize突破核心1．distinguishvt.&vi.显示……的差别；使……有不同；辨别[教材原句]Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不会伤害到它们。板块一：核心单词(1)distinguishbetween...and...区分/辨别……和……distinguish...from...使……有别于……distinguishoneself(as...)(作为……)表现突出(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名①Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？②Hedistinguished________bywinning4prizes.他因获得四个奖项而名声大噪。③Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishone________theother.这对双胞胎长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。④Honestlyspeaking，Iadmireyour________achievements.老实说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。答案：②himself③from④distinguished2．seizevt.抓住；捉住，夺[教材原句]...Idecidetoseizetheopportunitytogetrecognitionformysuccessfulideabysendingmyinventiontothepatentoffice.……我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认定。seizeon/upon利用seizesb.bythearm抓住某人的胳膊seizeanopportunity/achancetodosth.抓住机会做某事[见证2014]Theelephantseizedanearbybranchandputitintohermouth.大象(用鼻子)卷住了附近的一根树枝，把它放进它嘴里。(2014·重庆卷阅读理解D)①Hewhoseizestherightmomentistherightman.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。②Sheseizedme________________.她抓住我的手腕。③Hisfatheraskedhimto__________________tomakesomemoney.父亲叫他抓住时机赚一些钱。答案：②bythewrist③seizethechance3．expectationn．预料；期待；期望[教材原句]Thiswasintheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain.这是为了防止蛇再次咬人。(1)come/liveuptoone'sexpectations不负所望inexpectationof期待；指望；预料会有beyondexpectations料想不到(2)expectvt.期望；预料expecttodosth.期望做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事beexpectedtodosth.预计……①WeknowthatMarywilldowell，butshehavesucceededbeyondexpectation.我们知道玛丽会做得不错，但没想到她竟取得了出乎意料的成功。②Ifyouwouldgivemeanotherchance，IbelieveIcan________.如果你再给我一个机会，我相信我能达到你的期望。③Heatealightlunch__________________agooddinner.他午餐吃得少，期待着晚上好好吃一顿。④Thecity'spopulation__________toexpandby12%intenyears.十年后，该市人口预计增加12%。答案：②comeuptoyourexpectation③inexpectationof④isexpected4．bearvt.忍受；忍耐；负担；生育n.熊(bore，born)[教材原句]Icannotbearthesmellofburntsausageonthebarbecue.我忍受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。(1)can'tbeardoing/todosth.不能忍受做某事can'tbearsb./sb.'sdoing/todosth.不能忍受某人做某事(2)bearaheavyburden肩负重担bearresponsibility/theblame承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keepsth.inmind记住……bearinmindthat...记住……[见证2014]Itcomeseasilytome—hearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind—eachandeverynote，”saysSamuel.塞缪尔说：“这对我来说很容易——我听到的音符就能把它们记住，而且是每一个音符”。(2014·广东卷阅读理解A)①Whowillbearthelossescausedbytheaccident?谁来负担事故导致的损失？②Shecan'tbear______________(laugh)at.她不能容忍被人耻笑。③Weshouldalways________________thatmanytrafficaccidentsarisefromdrunkdriving.我们应该牢记，很多事故都是由酒后驾驶造成的。④—Mum，it'sfinetoday.Iwanttoskateonthelake.—Don'tyouthinktheiceistoothin________yourweight?——妈妈，今天天气很好，我想到湖上去滑冰。——难道你不认为冰太薄承受不了你的重量吗？答案：②beinglaughed③bearinmind④tobear5．associatevt.联想，联系[教材原句]Althoughheismostoftenassoc