内侧前额叶皮质

2012,Vol.20,No.6,853–862AdvancesinPsychologicalScienceDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2012.00853853内侧前额叶皮质——“自我”的神经基础*112(1;2,400715)自我神经基础的探讨常基于自我相关加工的研究,涉及皮质中线结构各个脑区甚至全脑协同作用。内侧前额叶皮质及其次成分在自我相关加工中发挥重要作用：腹内侧前额叶皮质较多支持默认模式下的自我加工、自我信息的觉察和“在线”自我加工,背内侧前额叶皮质主要参与有意识的自我参照加工、自我信息的评价和“主导的”自我加工。在自我-他人表征中,自我-他人表征的情感性、认知性和文化性因素均调节内侧前额叶皮质及次成分的活动。未来在动态的时间和人际背景中解析自我加工的神经机制是重要的研究方向。内侧前额叶皮质;皮质中线结构;自我;自我参照加工B845,Rogers,KuiperKirker(1977),,,(self-referenceeffect),(self-referenceprocess)Zhu(2004),“”,2002~2004,Northoff(2006)self-relatedprocessself-relevantprocessself-referenceprocess,,,,,(,2010),(,,2010)“”:2011-09-23*(2010CQZDW07):,E-mail:[e-mail],,(medialprefrontalcortex,MPFC),,;,,(,,,2008;vanOverwalle,2009)(VMPFC,ventral-MPFC,),(DMPFC,dorsal-MPFC,),(Northoffetal.,2006;,,,,2011),,,,1自我加工的主要神经基础1.1皮质中线结构的功能(corticalmidlinestructures,CMS)85420,,(reststate),(,,,2011)Uddin,Iacoboni,LangeKeenan(2007),,(frontoparietalmirror-neuronareas),(anteriorcingulatedcortex,ACC)(precuneus)Northoff(2006),;;,,(medialorbitalprefrontalcortex,MOPC)(medialparietalcortex,MPC)(retrosplenialcortex,RSC)(,2011),,(1),;(2),Northoff(2006),,;(3),,“”(,2006;Powell,Macrae,Cloutier,Metcalfe,&Mitchell,2010),1.2内侧前额叶皮质和自我参照加工Kelley(2002)(fMRI),,,,(posteriorcingulatedcortex,PCC),(,,,,2012),,Zhu(2004),,,,(,,2010)AmodioFrith(2006),(self-knowledge);Rameson,SatputeLieberman(2010),/(subgenual-ACC)(amygdala)(ventralstriatum)(2005)GillihanFarah(2005)Moran,HeathertonKelley(2009)Zhu,Zhang,FanHan(2007)fMRI(PET),Webber(2011)(meditation),,,,,,Northoff(2006)Uddin(2007)2内侧前额叶皮质次成分在自我加工中的作用SchmitzJohnson(2006),,6:——“”855vanderMeer,Costafreda,AlemanDavid(2010),(tagging),JenkinsMitchell(2011)2.1默认模式和自我的自动化加工(defaultmode)(lateraltemporalcortex,LTC),,(defaultmodenetwork,DMN),,(lateralparietalcortex)(Shelineetal.,2009)Lieberman(2007),(self-reflection),,(ventralstriatuminthebasalganglia)(medialparietalcortex,MPAC)Whitfield-Gabrieli(2011),;;Lieberman,JarchoSatpute(2004),,,(nucleusaccumbens),,,2.2自我信息的觉察与评价,(awareness)(evaluation),,(representation);,(reflectedself-appraisal)(perspective-taking)Moran(2009),,D’Argembeau(2007)(,)(,,),,,(posterior-DMPFC),(left-DMPFC)“”,(),Han(2008),,;,(),()Han(2010),,Han(2009),,2.3“在线”和“主导”的自我加工,,,85620(Owen,Evans,&Petrides,1996;D’Esposito,Postle,&Rypma,2000),“(on-line)”,,;,“(agentic)”,(,,2010),StussLevine(2002)“”,,Powell(2010),()(,,“YOU”“COMPUTER”,),,,,(intraparietalsulcus,IPS),Beer,LombardoBhanji(2009)(on-lineself-evaluation)(self-evaluationbias),(),(),(overconfident),,,(Orbitofrontalcortex,OFC),“”,“”“”3内侧前额叶皮质次成分在自我-他人表征中的作用-,,-,(Lewis,Goto,&Kong,2008;,,,2010),()()(-)(Ng,Han,Mao,&Lai,2010),-3.1情感性自我-他人神经表征--(similar-dissimilar)-(close-unclose)-(familiar-unfamiliar),,(facialrecognition),,(Mitchell,Banaji,&Macrae,2005);(impressionformation),,(Mitchell,Macrae,&Banaji,2005)Moran,LeeGabrieli(2011)()(),,,,,,,,-,Mitchell,MacraeBanaji(2006),(),;,,;,Krienen,TuBuckner(2010)6:——“”857,Mitchell(2006),,,,,,,(Lombardo,Barnes,Wheelwright,&Baron-Cohen,2007),,3.2认知性自我-他人神经表征-(self-categorization),,(Turner,Hogg,Oakes,Reicher,&Wetherel,1987;,,2006),-,,-,HarrisonHole(2009),,,“(own-agebias)”,(Mitchelletal.,2009;Gutchess,Kensinger,&Schacter,2007)Ebner(2011),2(vs.)×3(vs.vs.),,Gutchess(2007)(emotionalvalue),(),,,3.3文化性自我-他人神经表征--,(),(Zhuetal.,2007),-,Chiao(2009),(general)(,,)(contextual)(,,),,,-,Ng(2010),(NIP,)(rightextrastriatecortex);--NIP-NIP,-Harada,LiChiao(2010),,,;,,,(,2012),-,4展望85820,Klein,RozendalCosmides(2002),6;Zhu(2004),3,,(,,2010),,,“”,,,,,,,,,,(,2011),,,(,,2009),,“”“”“”“”“”“”,(,2006),D’Argembeau,Xue,Lu,vanderLindenBechara(2008),,,(caudatenucleus)()D’Argembeau(2010a;2010b),,,,,(self-expansionreferencemodel),,,,“”(includingothersintheself,IOS),(Aronetal.,2004;,2007)(theoryofrelationalself),,,,(self-construaltheory),,,(independentself-construal);,,(interdependentself-construal)(Markus&Kitayama,1991),(),“”KitayamaPark(2010),206:——“”859(1)()();(2)(Chiao,2009)AmesFiske(2010)KitayamaTompson(2010)Chiao(2009)(Culturalneuroscience),,(self-awareness)(Chiao,Li,&Harada,2008)(self-representations)(Chiaoetal.,2010)-(representationofself-others)(Chiao,2009),“”,Hwang(,,2009)-,“”“”(Cohen,Hoshino-Browne,&Leung,2007)“”(Tsai,Chi,&Hu,2009;Shi,C.C.,Shi,Y.Z.,Chan,Liu,&Fam,2011)“”(Kim&Cohen,2010)“”(Hu,2009),,,,程蕾,陈煦海,黄希庭.(2011).左脑还是右脑?——自我觉知神经机制的述评.心理科学进展,19(9),1319–1327.关丽丽,齐铭铭,张庆林,杨娟.(2011).自我面孔识别的脑机制.心理科学进展,19(9),1313–1318.黄希庭.(2006).时间与人格心理学探索(pp.71–102).北京:北京师范大学出版社.贺熙,朱滢.(2010).社会认知神经科学关于自我的研究.北京大学学报(自然科学版),1,79–83.孔繁昌,张妍,陈红.(2010).自我-他人表征:共享表征还是特异表征?心理科学进展,18(8),1263–1268.李稳,余细连,张力.(2008).内侧前额叶与社会认知.现代生物医学进展,8(11),2129–2131.梁丽娟,张力.(2009).前额叶在自传体记忆过程中的功能探究.心理科学,32(5),1192–1194.王玉娜,陈楚侨.(2010).自我缺损与精神分裂症.心理科学进展,18(12),1882–1891.杨娟,张庆林.(2010).从社会认知神经科学角度谈自尊研究.心理学探新,30(2),15–18.杨帅,黄希庭,王晓刚,尹天子.(2012).文化影响自我解释的神经机制.心理科学进展,20(1),149–157.袁翠平.(2010).自我参照加工的功能磁共振成像研究进展.中国医学影像技术,26(12),2382–2384.杨国枢,陆洛.(2009).中国人的自我:心理学的分析(pp.86–306).重庆:重庆大学出版社.张力,周天罡,张剑,刘祖祥,范津,朱滢.(2005).寻找中国人的自我:一项fMRI研究.中国科学C辑,35(5),472–478.张莹瑞,佐斌.(2006).社会认同理论及其发展.心理科学进展,14(3),475–480.周丽.(2007).恋人参照效应的个体差异研究(pp.6–7).北京大学,硕士研究生学