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Unit3SectionOneTacticsforListeningPart2ListeningandNote-takingATerritoryWhenwetalkaboutaterritory,wemeanadefendedspace.Animalshavetheirterritories,whichtheymarkoutwiththeirpersonalscent.Thescentistheirterritorialsignal.Humanbeingshaveotherterritorialsignals.Therearethreekindsofhumanterritory,markedbydifferentterritorialsignals.First,therearetheTribalTerritories,whichinmodemtermsareknownascountries.Countrieshaveanumberofterritorialsignals.Thebordersareoftenguardedbysoldiersandtheyusuallyhavecustomsbarriers,flags,andsigns.Othersignalsofthetribalterritoryareuniformsandnationalanthems.Thesesignalsareimportant,becausetheywarnthevisitorthatheisenteringaforeigncountryand,whileheisthere,hemustbehavelikeavisitor.Second,thereistheFamilyTerritory,atthecenterofwhichisthebedroom.Thisisusuallyasfarawayaspossiblefromthefrontdoor.Betweenthebedroomandthefrontdoorarethespaceswherevisitorsareallowedtoenter.Peoplebehavedifferentlywhenthey'reinsomeoneelse'shouse.Assoonastheycomeupthedrivewayorwalkthroughthefrontdoor--thefirstsignalsoffamilyterritory--theyareinanareawhichdoesnotbelongtothem.Theydonotfeelathome,becauseitisfullofotherpeople'sbelongings--fromtheflowersinthegardentothechairs,tables,carpets,ornaments,andotherthingsinthehouse.Inthesameway,whenafamilygoestothebeachortotheparkforapicnic,theymarkoutasmallterritorywithtowels,baskets,andotherbelongings;otherfamiliesrespectthis,andtrynottositdownrightbesidethem.Finally,thereisthePersonalTerritory.Inpublicplaces,peopleautomaticallymarkoutanareaofpersonalspace.Ifamanentersawaitingroomandsitsatoneendofarowofchairs,itispossibletopredictwherethenextmanwillsit.Itwon'tbenexttohimorattheotherendoftheroom,buthalfwaybetween.Inacrowdedspacelikeatrain,wecan'thavemuchpersonalterritory,sowestandlookingstraightinfrontofuswithblankfaces.Wedon'tlookatortalktoanyonearoundus.ExerciseA:1.Whenwetalkaboutaterritory,wemeanadefendedspace.2.Thesesignalsareimportant,becausetheywarnthevisitorthatheisenteringaforeigncountry.3.Peoplebehavedifferentlywhenthey'reinsomeoneelse'shouse.4.Inpublicplaces,peopleautomaticallymarkoutanareaofpersonalspace.5.Itwon'tbenexttohimorattheotherendoftheroom,buthalfwaybetween.ATerritoryI.Territory,adefendedspaceA.Territoryismarkedbyterritorialsignals.a.Animalsmarkouttheirterritorieswiththeirpersonalscent,theirterritorialsignals.│b.Humanbeingshavethreekindsofhumanterritory,markedbydifferentterritorialsignals.II.ThreekindsofhumanterritoryA.TribalTerritoriesorcountriesa.Countrieshaveanumberofterritorialsignals.1.Theborders,guardedbysoldiers,withcustomsbarriers,flags,andsigns2.Uniformsandnationalanthems.B.FamilyTerritorya.FamilyTerritory1.Thefrontdoor.2.Thedriveway.b.Whenafamilygoestothebeachortotheparkforapicnic,theymarkoutasmallterritorywithtowels,baskets,andotherbelongingsC.PersonalTerritorya.Inpublicplacespeopleautomaticallymarkoutanareapersonalspace.b.Inacrowdedspace,westandlookingstraightinfrontofuswithblankfaces.sectiontwolisteningcomprehensionpart1DialoguesDialogueICreditCard—IrecentlytouringaroundAmericafoundtherewasachapIwaswith...He...wewerebookedinbyanAmericanorganizationintoahotel,paidforbythem,buttheywouldnotlethimgothroughthelobbytohisroomunlesstheyhadacreditcardnumbertoprovethathewasahumanbeingthatwastrustworthy,{right,right}.Inotherwordswe'vegottothestagenowwithcreditcards,howeverfriendlyyoulook,howeverwealthyyoulook,orhoweverniceyoulook...(That'sright,itdoesn'tmatter,theyjustwanttoseethatnumber.)Excuseme,whereisyourcreditcard?—Becauseyouknowyoucan'trentamajorautomobileintheStates,youknow,youcan'trentwithout,withoutusingacreditcard,youcan't,youknowlikeyouweresaying,gointoahotel...—Ithinkthatwhat'sunderneaththatisthesocietyinwhichyou'reonlygoodifyouhavenumbersattachedtoyou,(Mm.)thatarecomputerised,(Yeah.)andcantraceyou,andeverybody'sinsuredagainsteverybodyelse(Yeah.)and...thatsideofcreditIfindratherupsetting.—It'skindofugly,isn'tit?—Likealotofpeople，it'sagreatfacility,ifyou'redisciplinedwithit.1.D2.D3.CDialogue2CardInsurances—I'lltellyouaboutoneawfulexperiencethathappenedtome,erm,Itookout,erm...oneofthesecardinsurancesthatcoverallyourcards(Mm.)shouldyourcardsbestolenandIhadmyhandbagsnatched*inastoreandimmediatelygotthestoresecurity,whowereveryquick,gotmeintotheirofficeandwephonedallofthecreditcardsthatIhadonme,withintenminutes.—Whichiswhattheytellyoutodo?—Yeah.When,Isupposebythetimewe’dgottoallofthemitabouthalfanafterthebaghadbeensnatched.Gotuptothetopflooroftheoffice,startedringinground,andthewholethingwasdonewithinhalfanhour.Erm,whenthebagwassnatcheditwentthroughapparentlyachainofpeople,outofthestore,anditwenttwomilesawayandtheymanagedto...threedifferentpeoplehadspentover￡2,000onfourofmycards...—Butyou'reonlyliable*forthefirst50.—Iwasn'tliableforanyofit.BecausethankgoodnessIhadthisinsurance.—Noneofit.Yeah.—But...—Touchwood*quick.Thatwas...—..They'dspentitwithintwentyminutesofstealing.—That'sincredible,isn'tit?—AndthethingthatabsolutelyhorrifiedmewasIwasclosetolimitsontwoofthecards,theonesthatIdocleareverymonth(Mm–mm.)IwasclosetothelimitI'mallowedonthose,andt