储藏时间对不同种类蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的影响

223300：亚硝酸盐是蔬菜中主要有害物质之一，长期食用亚硝酸盐含量高的蔬菜将严重影响人的身体健康。本研究旨在通过对不同储藏时间蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的测定，明确储藏时间对各类蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的影响。基于重氮化耦合反应原理，利用改良的分光光度法测定了10类主导蔬菜在储藏0、1、2、3d后的亚硝酸盐含量，结果显示：预处理阶段活性炭的使用可以显著提高对蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的检测精度。亚硝酸盐在新鲜蔬菜中含量最低，但随着储藏时间的延长，亚硝酸盐含量在各类蔬菜中均有不同程度提高，其中油菜、小白菜、韭菜、芹菜等叶菜类亚硝酸盐的最终含量显著高于黄瓜、土豆、萝卜、大蒜等根茎类蔬菜。因此，在购买蔬菜时，应尽量选择新鲜蔬菜和根茎类蔬菜，减少亚硝酸盐对健康的不良影响。：蔬菜；亚硝酸盐；分光光度法EffectsofStorageTimeonNitriteContentinDifferentVegegablesBIETong-yu，XUJia-sheng，YANGLi-li，ZHANGDong-mei（HuaiyinAdvancedVocationalHealthSchool，Huaian223300，Jiangsu，China）AbstractNitriteisoneofthemostharmfulsubstancesinvegetables.Assimilationofnitriteforalongtimewillbeabletodestroyone′shealth.Inthisresearch，weaimedtoilluminatetheeffectofstoragetimeonnitritecontentindifferentvegetables.Basedonthediazotizationprinciple，nitritecontentsintenimportantkindsofvegetableswereexaminedwithamodifiedmethodofspectrophotography.Theresultsshowedthatactivecarbonconductedinthestageofpretreatmentcouldsignificantlypromotethedetectprecisionofnitritecontent.Eachkindoffreshvegetablehadthelowestnitritecontents.Butasthestoragetimeincreases，thenitritecontentsweregoingupwithvarieddegreesindifferentvegetables.Amongthem，thefinalnitritecontentsinleafvegetablessuchasrape，Chinesecabbage，leekandcelery，weremuchhigherthanthoseinrootstalkvegetablessuchascucumber，potato，radish，andgarlic.Asaresult，itwassuggestedthatpurchaseandintakeoffreshvegetablesespeciallyrootstalkvegetableswouldbehelpfulfordecreasingthenitriteharmfulnesstopeople′shealth.Keywordsvegetable；nitrite；spectrophotometer1959—。。、、。。。、。94.5%～95.5%19.8%～47.3%[1]。[2]。0.3g～0.5g3g。0.2mg/kg。。[3]10FoodResearchAndDevelopment2012123312205、、。11.11.1.1722METrLERAE240。1.1.2、、。1.1.3、、、、、、、、、10。1.21.2.14、1、23d。。4g0.01g50mL10mL70℃50mL100mL70℃30min[4]5mL5mL1g。30min30mL。1.2.20.00、0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80、1.00、1.20、1.60、2.00mL10μg/mL50mL2.0mL3min～5min1mL15min2cm1538nm[3]。1.2.340mL50mL2.0mL3min～5min1mL15min[5]2cm1538nm。、。22.111。538nmy=1.4318x+0.0077r=0.9997。2.2。4g0.01g1g538nm2.983mg/kg1.342mg/kg。123456789/mL0.000.200.400.600.801.001.201.602.00/μg/mL0.000.040.080.120.160.200.240.320.40A0.0000.0640.1230.1850.2420.2980.3510.4620.578y=1.4318x+0.0077R2=0.99970.70.60.50.40.30.20.10A00.10.5/μg/mL0.20.30.41Fig.1Standardcurveofnitritecontent1Table1Standardcurvetableofnitritecontent别同玉，等:储藏时间对不同种类蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的影响206。。2.31。。2。97.4％～100.2％。2.40、1、2、3d33。、、。≤4mg/kg104mg/kg。10、。。3NaNO2538nmNaNO2y=1.4318x+0.0077r=0.999797.4％～100.2％。10。①②③、5min、。[1].、[J].2008(7):352-355[2]．[J]．2010(6):157-160[3].GB5009.33-2010[S].2010:1-17[4].[J].2002(1):26-30[5].[J].2000(2):181-1862012-07-312Table2RecoveryrateofnitriteindifferentvegetablesNO2-/mg/kgNO2-/mg/kgNO2-/mg/kg/%1.945.006.8297.62.9815.0017.5997.40.6753.003.681100.23Table3Variationofnitritecontentsinvegetablescorrespondingtostorageperiods0d1d2d3d1.7281.7511.7601.7960.3920.4230.5610.9350.6750.7250.6830.6940.6180.6330.7020.7540.4880.4930.5190.5372.9834.8127.16210.2302.0404.5105.9788.7112.4663.5315.1477.8283.8104.3276.7937.6941.9413.0364.7655.743mg/kg别同玉，等:储藏时间对不同种类蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量的影响207