JYZhaozhaojy526@gmail.comTheNovelMethodsofSomaticMutationsDetectionFordruginstructionCharacterizingearlyandposttreatmenttumorstatusincancerpatientsdrug-resistantstrainsdetectionfromclinicalsamplesofinfectiousdiseasepatientsTheabilitytoidentifylow-levelsomaticDNAmutationsandminorityalleleswithinanexcesswild-typesampleisbecomingessentialforITisdifficult!Why?•TherewerealittledifferencebetweenwildandmutationDNA•Thesampleistypicallycomposedofbothwild-typeandmutantDNA,andthequantityofwildtypeDNAoftenexceedsthemutantDNAcontribution•Inmanycases,wild-typeDNAvastlyexceedsmutantDNA,minorityallelespresentatextremelylowconcentrationsAprominentconcernconfrontingclinicalanddiagnosticapplicationsistheabilitytodetectclinicallysignificantlow-levelmutationsandminorityallelesOverthepast2decades,muchresearchhasfocusedonimprovingtheselectivityofPCR-basedtechnologiesforenhancingthedetectionofminority(mutant)allelesinclinicalsamplesTheuseofenrichmentmethodsisoftenbeneficialornecessarytoincreasethemutantconcentrationtoalevelatwhichaccurateandpreciseanalysisisfeasibleTodetectlow-levelearlymutations(e.g.,10e–3to10e–6mutanttowild-typeDNA),bothhighselectivityandenrichmentofminorityallelesarerequiredforsuccessfuldetectionandidentificationForaparticularapproachtobeusedasaroutinediagnostictool,itmustachieveabalanceofhighselectivityandenrichmentwhilemaintainingaccuracy,convenience,andlowcostMethodsSensitivity(mutation)NovelmutationsdetectionDeletionandInsertiondetectionPCRSequencing20%YYPCR-SSCP10%YYTaqManPCR10%NYLoop-hybirdmobilityshiftassay7.5%NYCycleavePCR5%NYPCR-RFLP5%NYMALDI-TOF-MS5%NNPNA-LNAPCRclamp1%NNScorpionsARMS1%NYDHPLC1-3%YYIlluminaSequencing0.2%YYSMAP0.1%NNMethodsforthesomaticmutationsandminorityallesMainstaymethodsforthesomaticmutationsandminorityallesinclinicaltestsPCR-Sequencing(~20%)PCRMass(~5%)ARMSPCR(~1%)PCR-Sequencing(敏感性20%)PCRpurificationSequencingreactionpurificationsequencingdataanalysisEGFR19Del突变EGFR21L858R突变PCR-MASSSensitivity(5%)PCRextentionMASSARMSPCR(1%)特异性识别和扩增突变序列real-timeScorpionsARMSPCRHowtosuccessfuldetectandidentifytheselow-levelmutationsSomenovelmethodshavebeendevelopedbyusLow-levelearlymutations(e.g.10e-3to10e-6mutanttowild-typeDNA)arerequiredThenovelmethodsforthelow-levelmutationsdetectionbyusOne-stepenzymeenrichedARMSreal-timePCROne-stepblockerenrichedARMSreal-timePCRThermo-stabilityenzymeenrichedreal-timePCR•基因突变和B-raf基因点突变V600E的一步检测方法及试剂盒(CN102154480)•上皮生长因子受体外显子19缺失突变和外显子21点一步突变富集ARMS检测法(CN102220413)•一种基于热稳定性内切酶检测基因突变和SNP位点的方法级其试剂盒•一种基于Blocker引物和ARMS引物检测基因突变的方法和试剂盒•检测结核分枝杆菌(TB)的耐药基因突变型的方法和试剂盒(201110448201.4)•一种核酸检测方法及其专用试剂盒(CN101845511)相关专利检测范围:G719X319Del1920T790M120Ins320S768I121L858R121L861Q1合计29One-stepenzymeenrichedARMSreal-timePCR采用改进的ARMS技术与Taqman探针相结合的策略,研发一种拥有自主知识产权并且能够快速、敏感而且简便的检测EGFR基因突变的方法通过优化酶切反应体系,将酶切体系与ARMS方法整合,建立更加敏感的突变富集检测方法进一步通过一轮PCR扩增放大待测靶区含量,并通过温度差与延伸效率将扩增放大与ARMS荧光PCR方法整合,提高检测的灵敏度基本设想改进型ARMS特异性引物、Taqman探针的设计我们在ARMS引物的3’端再人为引入一个错配碱基,即,对野生型模板有两个错配碱基,可大大提高特异性,而对突变型模板只有一个错配碱基,且不在3’末端,克服传统ARMS引物在野生型模板含量高时,容易发生ARMS引物与野生型模板的错配,引起非特异性扩增的缺陷创新之处ARMS引物+Taqman探针反应体系的检测灵敏度L858R105copies/ul104copies/ul103copies/ul102copies/ul101copies/ulARMS引物+Taqman探针反应体系的检测灵敏度19Del1105copies/ul104copies/ul103copies/ul102copies/ul101copies/ulARMS引物+Taqman探针反应体系的检测灵敏度T790M105copies/ul104copies/ul103copies/ul102copies/ul101copies/ul检测分辨率结果在500Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出1%突变率——L858R检测分辨率结果在5000Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出0.1%突变率——L858R检测分辨率结果在500Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出1%突变率——19Del1检测分辨率结果在5000Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出0.5%突变率——19Del1检测分辨率结果在500Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出1%突变率——T790M检测分辨率结果在5000Copies/l的野生型质粒背景下,依次存在10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0%突变率,可检出0.5%突变率——T790M特异性试验以及Cut-offΔCt值确定10份正常人白细胞DNA,浓度范围1-50ng/ul,进行6次重复性试验统计出现非特异性扩增Ct值及样本内参Ct值,计算ΔCt值(ΔCt=Ct非特异扩增-Ct内参)依据公式Cut-offΔCt=平均ΔCt-3×Sd-3,计算Cut-offΔCt值90份正常人血浆样本,提取DNA,按建立的方法进行检测,以验证特异性Cut-offΔCt值及特异性验证结果90份正常人血浆,提取DNA的量在0-15ng/ul之间,采用ARMS+Taqman-PCR反应体系检测均未见非特异性扩增。Cut-offΔCt值及特异性验证结果Assay平均△Ct±SD最小△Ct最大△Ct非特异信号出现频率Cut-Off△CtT790M13.1±1.2211.3616.2337/608L858R15.53±0.4714.8915.956/6010L861Q\\17.24012S768I\\17.24012G719X\\17.24010Deletions\\17.24010Insertions\\17.2408结果判断标准:若检测样本ΔCtCut-offΔCt值,则判定结果为阴性或超出检测范围;若检测样本ΔCtCut-offΔCt值,则判定为阳性结果。采用改进的ARMS技术与Taqman探针相结合的策略,研发一种拥有自主知识产权并且能够快速、敏感而且简便的检测EGFR基因突变的方法通过优化酶切反应体系,将酶切体系与ARMS方法整合,建立更加敏感的突变检测方法进一步通过一轮PCR扩增放大待测靶区含量,并通过温度差与延伸效率将扩增放大与ARMS荧光PCR方法整合,提高检测的灵敏度基本设想Fig.1.Thecomparisonofmutation-enrichedPCRsequencinganddirectPCRsequencingassay.(A)Theresultofmutation-enrichedPCRsequencingforoneL858Rpositivesamples;(B)theresultofdirectPCRsequencing.采用改进的ARMS技术与Taqman探针相结合的策略,研发一种拥有自主知识产权并且能够快速、敏感而且简便的检测EGFR基因突变的方法通过优化酶切反应体系,将酶切体系与ARMS方法整合,建立更加敏感的突变检测方法进一步通过一轮PCR扩增放大待测靶区含量,并通过温度差与延伸效率将扩增放大与ARMS荧光PCR方法整合,提高检测的灵敏度基本设想•在相同反应条件下,多一轮扩增比非富集信号提前2个Ct值•模板分别为A:103CopiesB:102Copies增加一轮扩增与不增加一轮扩增效果比较AB200ng背景下不同突变copy数分别酶切富集5、8、10循环后的ΔCt值05101520250.1%(180)0.01%(18)0.005%(9)0.002%(3.6)0.001