Book1 U4定语从句

TheAttributiveClauseDiscoveringusefulstructures学习目标：1.掌握定语从句的用法：关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that的用法只用that不用which的情况2.完成相关练习Lookatthefollowingsentences1.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecar(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisasecond-handone.4.HarryistheboywhosemotherisourMathsteacher.5.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.Sumup1.先行词指人时，用关系代词that/who(whom),在句中作主语或宾语；2.先行词是物时，用关系代词that/which，在从句中作主语或宾语；3.whose在从句中作定语，既可指人，表示“某些人的…”；也可指物，表示“某物的…”；4.关系代词that、who、whom、which在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词的用法who(whom)1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）TheprofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedjustnowisMr.Li.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Theradio（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.whose在定语从句中作定语，既可指人，表示“某些人的…”；也可指物，表示“某物的…”，指物时可与ofwhich(the)互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.Thisisthebook,thecoverofwhichisblue.ConceptoftheAttributiveClause在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句全部内容；通常在被修饰的词语(即“先行词”)之后，由“关系词”引导。要做好定语从句的有关试题，就得必须理解透“关系词”具有的三种功能：(1)引导一个定语从句。(在定语从句开头)(2)替代“先行词”。（省去从句中对应的he/she/it/they/him/her/them/…）(3)在定语从句中充当成分。(作主语/宾语/定语/状语）Fillinthesentenceswiththecorrectrelativepronouns:1.Themostimportantthing_____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.2.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersons______noneofushaseverheardof.3.Ihaveboughtaverywatch______wasadvertisedonTV.4.Thepresidentmadeaspeechin________heexpressedhissatisfaction.5.Iknowtheboy________motherisafriendofmine.thatthatthatthatwhichwhose在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that1.当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much等不定代词时。如：Thisbookcontainsmuch/littlethatisuseful.这本书中有很多/没有多少有用的东西。Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。2.先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时。如：Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.我把你给我的书都看了。Therearesomejobs(that)mencan'tdoverywell.有些工作男人无法做好。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthefirstfilm(that)IhaveseensinceIcamehere.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。Thisisthebiggestapple(that)Ihaveevereaten.这是我所吃到的苹果中最大的一个。4.先行词既有人又有物时。如：Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools(that)wehadvisited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。5.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如：Maryistheonlyfriend(that)IhaveinAustralia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。Sheistheverythief(that)thepolicemanislookingfor.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。ThelastplacetheyvisitedwastheSummerPalace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。6.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：Thisisadictionarythatwillhelpyoualot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Don'tcheatme.I'mnolongertheboythatIwasthreeyearsago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。Combinethetwosentences1.Thewriterisveryfamousinourcity.Wemetheryesterday.2.Thedressisfashionable.Sheiswearingit.Thewriterwho/whom/that/﹨wemetyesterdayisveryfamousinourcity.Thedresswhich/that/﹨sheiswearingisfashionable.3.I’mlisteningtotheMp4.ItbelongstoTom.4.Isthatthecompany?Yourfatheronceworkedinthecompany.5.Thatstudentdidn’tcometoschoolthismorning.Iborrowedhisbookyesterday.I’mlisteningtotheMp4which/thatbelongstoTom.Isthatthecompanythat/which/﹨yourfatheronceworkedin?ThatstudentwhosebookIborrowedyesterdaydidn’tcometoschoolthismorning.1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_______triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(北京2002春季)A、whereB、whenC、whichD、who答案D真题解析：本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar（著名的篮球明星）是人，所以应用表示人的关联词who。高考链接Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(NMET2001)A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where答案C真题解析：本题考察定语从句的连接词，主句中的先行词thehours被其它成分分割，只要考生能够认清真正的先行词，就不难得出答案，thehours表示时间，所以应该选择一个表示时间的关系副词，即when。高考链接3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What答案B真题解析：本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是“正如……..”，引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时，常用下面的结构：asisknow，asissaid，asisreported等，所以本题的答案是B。高考链接