2009年广东省中山市初中毕业生学业考试数学说明:1.全卷共4页,考试用时100分钟,满分为120分.2.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔在答题卡填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号、座位号.用2B铅笔把对应该号码的标号涂黑.3.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试题上.4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答、答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效.5.考生务必保持答题卡的整洁.考试结束时,将试卷和答题卡一并交回.一、选择题(本大题5小题,每小题3分,共15分)在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请把答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑.1.4的算术平方根是()A.2B.2C.2D.22.计算32()a结果是()A.6aB.9aC.5aD.8a3.如图所示几何体的主(正)视图是()A.B.C.D.4.《广东省2009年重点建设项目计划(草案)》显示,港珠澳大桥工程估算总投资726亿元,用科学记数法表示正确的是()A.107.2610元B.972.610元C.110.72610元D.117.2610元5.方程组223010xyxy的解是()A.1113xy2213xyB.12123311xxyyC.12123311xxyyD.12121133xxyy二、填空题:(本大题5小题,每小题4分,共20分)请将下列各题的正确答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上.6.分解因式2233xyxy.7.已知O⊙的直径8cmABC,为O⊙上的一点,30BAC°,则BC=cm.8.一种商品原价120元,按八折(即原价的80%)出售,则现售价应为元.9.在一个不透明的布袋中装有2个白球和n个黄球,它们除颜色不同外,其余均相同.若从中随机摸出一个球,摸到黄球的概率是45,则n_____________.10.用同样规格的黑白两种颜色的正方形瓷砖,按下图的方式铺地板,则第(3)个图形中有黑色瓷砖块,第n个图形中需要黑色瓷砖________块(用含n的代数式表示).……(1)(2)(3)三、解答题(一)(本大题5小题,每小题6分,共30分)11.(本题满分6分)计算:19sin30π+320°+().12.(本题满分6分)解方程22111xx13.(本题满分6分)如图所示,ABC△是等边三角形,D点是AC的中点,延长BC到E,使CECD,(1)用尺规作图的方法,过D点作DMBE,垂足是M(不写作法,保留作图痕迹);(2)求证:BMEM.14.(本题满分6分)已知:关于x的方程2210xkx(1)求证:方程有两个不相等的实数根;(2)若方程的一个根是1,求另一个根及k值.15.(本题满分6分)如图所示,A、B两城市相距100km,现计划在这两座城市间修建一条高速公路(即线段AB),经测量,森林保护中心P在A城市的北偏东30°和B城市的北偏西45°的方向上,已知森林保护区的范围在以P点为圆心,50km为半径的圆形区域内,请问计划修建的这条高速公路会不会穿越保护区,为什么?(参考数据:3≈1.732,2≈1.414)第7题图ACBO第10题图ACBDE第13题图30°ABFEP45°第15题图四、解答题(二)(本大题4小题,每小题7分,共28分)16.(本题满分7分)某种电脑病毒传播非常快,如果一台电脑被感染,经过两轮感染后就会有81台电脑被感染.请你用学过的知识分析,每轮感染中平均一台电脑会感染几台电脑?若病毒得不到有效控制,3轮感染后,被感染的电脑会不会超过700台?17.(本题满分7分)某中学学生会为了解该校学生喜欢球类活动的情况,采取抽样调查的方法,从足球、乒乓球、篮球、排球等四个方面调查了若干名学生的兴趣爱好,并将调查的结果绘制成如下的两幅不完整的统计图(如图1,图2要求每位同学只能选择一种自己喜欢的球类;图中用乒乓球、足球、排球、篮球代表喜欢这四种球类中的某一种球类的学生人数),请你根据图中提供的信息解答下列问题:(1)在这次研究中,一共调查了多少名学生?(2)喜欢排球的人数在扇形统计图中所占的圆心角是多少度?(3)补全频数分布折线统计图.18.(本题满分7分)在ABCD中,10AB,ADm=,60D°,以AB为直径作O⊙,(1)求圆心O到CD的距离(用含m的代数式来表示);(2)当m取何值时,CD与O⊙相切.19.(本题满分7分)如图所示,在矩形ABCD中,12ABAC,=20,两条对角线相交于点O.以OB、OC为邻边作第1个平行四边形1OBBC,对角线相交于点1A,再以11AB、1AC为邻边作第2个平行四边形111ABCC,对角线相交于点1O;再以11OB、11OC为邻边图2人数乒乓球20%足球排球篮球40%5040302010O项目足球乒乓球篮球排球图1第17题图ADBCO第18题图作第3个平行四边形1121OBBC……依次类推.(1)求矩形ABCD的面积;(2)求第1个平行四边形1OBBC、第2个平行四边形111ABCC和第6个平行四边形的面积.五、解答题(三)(本大题3小题,每小题9分,共27分)20、(本题满分9分)(1)如图1,圆心接ABC△中,ABBCCA,OD、OE为O⊙的半径,ODBC于点F,OEAC于点G,求证:阴影部分四边形OFCG的面积是ABC△的面积的13.(2)如图2,若DOE保持120°角度不变,求证:当DOE绕着O点旋转时,由两条半径和ABC△的两条边围成的图形(图中阴影部分)面积始终是ABC△的面积的13.21.(本题满分9分)小明用下面的方法求出方程230x的解,请你仿照他的方法求出下面另外两个方程的解,并把你的解答过程填写在下面的表格中.方程换元法得新方程解新方程检验求原方程的解230x令xt,则230t32t302t32x,所以94x230xx240xxA1O1A2B2B1C1BC2AOD第19题图C第20题图AEOGFBCDAEOBCD图1图222.(本题满分9分)正方形ABCD边长为4,M、N分别是BC、CD上的两个动点,当M点在BC上运动时,保持AM和MN垂直,(1)证明:RtRtABMMCN△∽△;(2)设BMx,梯形ABCN的面积为y,求y与x之间的函数关系式;当M点运动到什么位置时,四边形ABCN面积最大,并求出最大面积;(3)当M点运动到什么位置时RtRtABMAMN△∽△,求x的值.广东省中山市2009年初中毕业生学业考试数学试题参考答案及评分建议一、选择题(本大题5小题,每小题3分,共15分)1.B2.A3.B4.A5.D二、填空题(本大题5小题,每小题4分,共20分)6.()(3)xyxy7.48.969.810.10,31n三、解答题(一)(本大题5小题,每题6分,共30分)11.解:原式=113122···················································································4分=4.·······························································································6分12.解:方程两边同时乘以(1)(1)xx,·······························································2分2(1)x,····································································································4分3x,···········································································································5分经检验:3x是方程的解.················································································6分13.解:(1)作图见答案13题图,···························································2分(2)ABC△是等边三角形,D是AC的中点,BD平分ABC(三线合一),2ABCDBE.·························································································4分NDACDBM第22题图答案13题图ACBDEMCECD,CEDCDE.又ACBCEDCDE,2ACBE.·····························································································5分又ABCACB,22DBCE,DBCE,BDDE.又DMBE,BMEM.··································································································6分14.解:(1)2210xkx,2242(1)8kk,··············································································2分无论k取何值,2k≥0,所以280k,即0,方程2210xkx有两个不相等的实数根.························································3分(2)设2210xkx的另一个根为x,则12kx,1(1)2x,··············································································4分解得:12x,1k,2210xkx的另一个根为12,k的值为1.·····················································6分15.解:过点P作PCAB,C是垂足,则30APC°,45BPC°,·····································2分tan30ACPC°,tan45BCPC°,ACBCAB,························································4分tan30tan45100PCPC°°,311003PC,···················································5分50(33)50(31.732)63.450PC≈≈,答:森林保护区的中心与直线AB的距离大于保护区的半径,所以计划修筑的这条高速公路不会穿越保护区.·····························································································