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（被动语态）一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。(1)把主动语态的宾语移到句首作被动语态的主语(2)把谓语改成被动结构(be+过去分词）(3)把主动句中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedbyallthepeople.Theymakebikesinthefactory.Bikesaremadeinthefactorybythem.一、被动语态的构成1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.二、主动语态变被动语态Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时的被动语态构成：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词4.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词5．Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词6．LingFengcantakegoodcareofPolly．PollycanbetakengoodcareofbyLingFeng.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词三、使用被动语态的情况1.表示“据说”或“相信”等词组一般用被动语态1)Itissaidthat…据说…2)Itisreportedthat…据报道…3)Itisbelievedthat…大家相信…4)Itishopedthat…大家希望…5)Itiswellknownthat…众所周知…2.某些句子习惯上用被动语态HewasborninOctober，1989．3.表示礼貌时YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat800p．m．tomorrow．敬请您明天晚上8：00光临我们的英语晚会。四、不用被动语态的情况1.不及物动词无被动语态。（rise,happen/takeplace/comeabout,breakout,appear,disappear)Atrafficaccidenthappenedjustnow.2.系动词无被动语态。(be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become)Thefoodtastesgood.3.祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．4.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter四、不用被动语态的情况四、不用被动语态的情况5.放在形容词和副词后的不定式作状语不能用作被动语态。Thewaterishardtodrink.Theproblemiseasytosolve.五、特殊形式的被动语态1.带双宾语动词的被动语态（give,buy,lend,send,bring,show,throw）间接宾语(人)为主语：直接宾语（物）为主语：在间接宾语前加to或for.Mymothergavemeabook.间接宾语直接宾语Iwasgivenabookbymymother.Abookwasgiventomebymymother.五、特殊形式的被动语态2.一些使役动词(have,make)和视觉、感觉动词（see,watch,hear,notice）可以接不带to的不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中不定式符号to必须补上.Iheardhimsaygoodbyetohisfriends.Hewasheardtosaygoodbyetohisfriends.五、特殊形式的被动语态3.need,want,require,beworth+V-ing主动形式表示被动意义。sell,write,wash,cut,read,wear,cook+adv.主动形式表示被动意义。Thebookisworthreading.Yourhairneedscutting.Thedresssellswell.Thisknifecutseasily.历年高职考题1.----Doyoulikethesilk?It’smadeinHuzhou.-----Yes,it_____verysoft.（06年高职考题)A.feltB.isfeltC,isfeelingD.feels2.Thepoormanismade___verylateeverynight.(06年高职考题)A.workB.toworkC.workingD.workedDB3.---TownHallisthetallestbuildinginthecity.----__________fromhere?(07年高职考题）A.CanitbeseenB.CanitseeC.CanseeitD.Canbeseenit4.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho___bytheirteacher.(07年高职考题）A.ispraisedB.arepraisedC.praisingD.praises历年高职考题AB5.Booksofthiskind_______wellinthisbookshop.(08年高职考题)A.sellB.sellsC.aresoldD.issold6.Asweallknow,HanHan________their(偶像）bymanyyoungpeople.(2011)A.ConsiderasB.isregardedasC.IsthoughtoutD.treatedfor历年高职考题AB7.----Longtimenosee!-----I’vejustreturned.I_______toAmericaforameetinglastmonth.(2012)A.amsentB.amsendingC.wassentD.wassending8.PresidentXiJinpingarrivedinMoscowonMarch22ndand__________warmlybyRussianpeople.(2013)A.welcomeB.willwelcomeC.haswelcomedD.waswelcomedCD历年高职考题