快速公交系统在中国的发展

BusRapidTransit(BRT)DevelopmentsinChina快速公交系统在中国的发展何东全刘岱宗宇恒可持续交通研究中心威廉与佛罗拉.休立特基金会暨能源基金会支持HeDongquanLiuDaizongChinaSustainableTransportationCenterSupportedbytheWilliamandFloraHewlettFoundationandtheEnergyFoundationChinaPlanningNetwork1stUrbanTransportationCongressAugust3,2007,BeijingVisitusat©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)AboutUs关于我们TheChinaSustainableTransportationCenterisanon-governmental,non-profitorganizationfoundedandsupportedbyTheWilliamandFloraHewlettFoundationandTheEnergyFoundation.宇恒可持续交通研究中心(CSTC)是一个民间非营利组织，由威廉与佛洛拉.休利特基金会与美国能源基金会提供支持。OurMissionis“TohelpChina‘scitiesdesignandimplementsustainable,multi-modalurbantransportationsystems,particularlybusrapidtransit.”宇恒可持续交通研究中心的宗旨是：帮助国内城市设计和实施可持续的、多元模式的城市交通系统，特别是快速公交(BRT)系统。CSTCareworkinginBeijing,Kunming,Hangzhou,Ji'nan,Xi'an,ShenzhenandHefeitohelpdevelopandimplementBRTsystems.目前，宇恒可持续交通研究中心正在北京、昆明、杭州、济南、西安、深圳和合肥等城市开展工作协助发展、设计与实施当地的快速公交系统。Pleasevisitusat请访问我们的网址©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)Overview概要Background背景ProblemsofUrbanTransport城市交通的问题WhyBRT为什么选择快速公交BRTSystemsinChina中国快速公交系统Summary总结AboutUs关于我们2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)Source:TsinghuaUniversity,StateCouncilDRC010020030040050060019952000200520102015202020252030U.S.CurrentLevel美国当前水平HighGrowthScenario(12%/year)LowGrowthScenario(8.8%/year)VehicleOwnership(millions)Background背景Motorization城市机动化2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)02468101219992020Source:IEAOilUseinChina中国原油消耗By2020,Chinawillimport76.9%ofitsoildemandEnergyIssue能源问题Background背景2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)SevereTrafficCongestion严重的交通拥堵Background背景2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)PublicTransitshrink公交系统萎缩ShareofPublicTransitdecreased公交出行分担率下降LowOperationSpeed公交运营速度低LowServicelevel公交服务水平低PassengersTriprateofShanghai上海出行分担比率0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%19902000YearPercentageByBus公交出行ByCar小汽车出行Background背景2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)Background背景空气污染SeriousAirPollutions2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)Background背景空气污染SeriousAirPollutions2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)CO2ReducingCrisis二氧化碳污染日益严重Background背景03006009001200150018002000200520102015202020252030CO2Emissions(millionmetrictons)KyotoTarget2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)专用的路权改良型的公交车辆设施齐备的车站多样化线路•与城市用地的紧密结合•功能齐全的配套设施•合理的票价体系•完善的管理机构快速公交系统是利用改良型的公交车辆，运营在专用道路空间上，保持轨道交通运营特性且具备普通公交灵活性的一种快捷的公共交通方式WhyBRTinChina为什么选择快速公交2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)WhyBRTinChina为什么选择快速公交020406080100120140160二氧化碳排放(克/人-公里)小汽车出租车摩托车普通公交轨道快速公交自行车集约化的土地利用模式IntensivelandUseLowEnvironmentalImpacts低污染2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)WhyBRT为什么选择快速公交Enhancetheefficiencyofurbanresourcesusage高效的城市交通资源利用Improvethequalityofpublictransit提升公交服务水平Increasetheshareofpublictransittrips增加公交出行比例Attractprivatetransportationtopublictransit吸引小汽车出行Socialequity推动社会公平2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)BRTDevelopmentinChina中国的快速公交系统广州成都重庆西安大连沈阳济南天津石家庄苏州常州上海杭州福州厦门深圳南宁北京太原2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)BeijingBRT北京快速公交(Source:BeijingBRTCompany,2006)SouthernAxisBRTLine1南中轴快速公交1号线OpenedDec30,200522005年12月30日投入运营18monthimplementation18个月的建设期NewOperationCompany新的运营公司LowInvestment–US$4million/kminfrastructure低投资-每公里造价3000万人民币13.6kmexclusiveCenterbuswayand19stations13.6公里中央硬隔离公交专用道，共设站台19座New18marticulatedvehicles,lowfloorandusediesel18米长，低底板柴油铰接车辆2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)BeijingBRT北京快速公交(Source:BeijingBRTCompany,2006)SouthernAxisBRTLine1南中轴快速公交1号线AverageDailyBoarding-90,000(Highestto200,000+)平均日乘客9万人次（最高日超20万人次）OperationSpeed–22km/hinpeakhourand26km/hoffpeak运营速度–高峰22公里/小时，平峰速度26公里/小时ReliableServices–90%onschedule可靠的服务–约90%车辆准点抵达LevelBoarding,Off-boardfarecollection水平登降，站台售检票FlatFare:US$0.12(canbelowedtoUS$0.04byICcard)一票制：1元每人次（使用IC卡可打4折）2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)BeijingBRT北京快速公交(Source:BeijingBRTCompany,2006)SouthernAxisBRTLine1南中轴快速公交1号线Frequencyofserviceonpeakis1minheadway(2-3minoff-peak)高峰的发车频率约为1分钟(平峰为2-3分钟)TransitSignalPriority公交信号优先AdvancedSchedulingDispatchSystem,AutomaticVehicleLocation,PassengerInformationandvideomonitoring先进的发车系统、车辆定位系统、乘客信息与可视监控系统Integrationwithothermode–Metro,NormalBusServicesandPedestrians与其它出行方式的整合：地铁、普通公交、行人2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)ImageCourtesyofBeijingBRTCompanyBeijingBRT北京快速公交(Source:BeijingBRTCompany,2006)FuturePlan未来规划阜石路安立路回龙观居住区天通苑居住区南中轴路亦庄经济开发区黄村朝阳路CBD中央商务区2007Copyright©ChinaSustainableTransportationCenter(CSTC)Ji’nanBRTPlan济南快速公交(Source:Ji’nanPWD,2006)Ji’nanBRTNetwork济南快速公交网络BRTNetwork快速公交网络OpeningSystem开放式快速公交系统BRTasbackbone快速公交系统作为公共主干网络Start03/2005,operation12/2007始于05年3月，预计07年12月竣工2corridorswith3routes2条快速公交走廊,3条线路Governmentfounded政府投资15kmcenterbusway,26.2kmroutesand42