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1全球化的缺点：•经济上，发展中国家的劳动力被剥削，资源被取用，而产品却不能够进人发达国家，国内产业受到外商和外企的冲击；•社会上，外国的产品流人一个国家，会改变人们的生活习惯和购买习惯；年轻人比较喜欢外同产品，比如说食品、衣服、电子产品和娱乐方式；•文化上，本土文化会被削弱，本土语言会受到威胁，文化多样性会逐步损失；•环境上，工业化生产和交通量的加大会增加温室气体的排放；游人的增多会对自然环境构成威胁。Topic1:Increasingtravelsbetweencountriesenablepeopletolearndifferentculturesortoincreasetensionbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcountries?外来人口的增加有利于文化的交流：•游客或者移民都具备经济利益和价值（commercialinterestandeconomicvalue)；而外同人的停留时间是和东道国的合作密切相关的（Thelengthofstaydependsonthecooperationofthehostsociety.);很多当地人因此表现得非常好客和友好，这有助于文化的交流（Manylocalpeopleareveryfriendlyandhospitable,whichpromotetheculturalcommunications.)；•对其他的文化和人民更为了解（abetterunderstandingofotherculturesandotherpeoples),改变人们对其他民族和文化的态度（alterone'sattitudestowardsanotherpeopleorculture);人们因此可以接受不同的文化和价值观（embracedifferentvaluesandcultures),可以和平共处（createmotivationtocoexistpeacefully),并促进对多元文化的理解(promotemulti-culturalunderstanding)；•促进文化的融合（promoteintegration),消除文化障碍（removeculturalbarriers),外来人口的增加导致冲突：•违反当地的习俗会激怒当地人（breachoflocalcustomscanirritatethelocals);•不同文化的人看待同一事物总有不同的角度（harbourdifferentperceptions),并给予不同的解释(differentinterpretations)，比如对手势、衣服、言行举止有不同的理解；举止不当会引起当地人意想不到的反应(provokeunanticipatedresponses);•外国游客增多会对当地环境造成压力，甚至破坏环境，而移民增多可能导致工作机会减少，致使竞争更加激烈，这些都有可能引起当地人的反感（causeresentmentinlocalcommunities).范文Globalizationisacatch-alltermthatreferstoanyactivitythatinvolvesmorethanonecountry,forexample,travelfromonecountrytoanother.Thedramaticincreaseintransnationaltravelinrecentyearshassparkedcontroversyoverthepotentialimpactsofthistrendonindividualcountriesfespeciallythosenewmemberstatesofglobalization.Somepeopleareconcernedthattheupsurgeinnewarrivalswillpromptlocalhostilityagainstvisitorsinsteadofpromotingtheirunderstandingonmutualculturalbackground.Thisnotionshouldberejectedasonecanseemanyfactsinfavorofthisdevelopmentbetweencountries.Thefirstreasonwhyinternationaltravelswouldneverbringconflictisrootedinthefactthatbothvisitorsandlocalsareeconomicallymotivated.Internationaltravelopensupopportunitiesforbusinessdevelopmentthroughouttheworld.Entrepreneursareinterestednotonlyinthedomesticmarketbutalsointheoverseamarket.Foreignersshouldlearnthecultureofacountrybeforewinningoverthelocalpeople.Inturn,localsshouldshowtheirhospitalitytovisitorsinexchangefortheirtrust.Theyshareaviewthatacceptanceofeachother'sculturalbackgroundisanecessaryconditionforcooperation.Understandingaculturehasotherimplications.Differencesinsocialbackground,culturalvaluesandreligiousbeliefmightmakethediscrepancyofforeignersandlocalinhabitantsonsomeissuesindelible;however,thehigherinteraction,thehigherlevelofcommunicationandunderstanding.Arabians,forexample,usedtoconsiderwesternersastheirfoes.Nowtheyhaveconcreterelationswiththeirwesternalliesinmanyfields.Intheinitialstage,theirdivergenceseemed2inherentbutovertime,withbettermutualunderstanding,theytakethesamepositiononmanyissues.Undeniably,itislikelythatinsomeresorts,foreignvisitorsrepelthelocalcommunitywiththeirscantregardforthelocalenvironmentandconventionswhentheyfirstarrive.However,itshouldbenotedthatmostoffenseisaccidental,ratherthanintentional.Instead,visitorsdisobeyrulesandconventionssimplybecausetheyhavenoknowledgeofthem.Thissituationisexpectedtobeimprovedwiththepassingoftimewhenvisitorsfromdifferentcountriesincreasetheirknowledgeofalocalculture.Accordingtotheaboveanalysis,wecanobservethattheincreaseintheinternationaltravelshouldnotbetakenasthecauseofanyconflictthatarisesbetweentwocountries.Alternatively,oneshouldrecognizeitsroleinimprovingmutualunderstandingbetweentwocountries.近义词表1.catch-all=all-embracing:包罗甚广的；包括一切的2.hostility=enmity=resentment:敌意,怨'恨,愤恨3.rootedin=derivedfrom=basedon:基于4.entrepreneur=tycoon=mogul=industrialist:企业家，实业家5.discrepancy=disagreement=difference=divergence:分歧，矛盾6.foe=enemy=rival:敌人，竟争对手7.concrete=tangible=solid:具体的，实际的8.overtime=induecourse=soonerorlater:最终，早9.resort:胜地；touristresort:旅游胜地；holidayresort：度假胜地；beachresort:海边度假胜地；scenicspot:景观；placeofinterest:旅游景点10.repel=revolt=repulse:使厌恶，憎恶11.scant=limited=scarce:缺乏的，不足的Topic2:Wheninternationalmedia(includingmovies,fashionshows,advertisementsandotherTVprograms)conveythesamemessagestotheglobalaudience,peoplearguethattheexpansionofinternationalmediahasnegativeimpactsonculturaldiversity.Whatisyouropinion?媒体信息一致的缺点：•国际媒体（globalmedia)—般掌握在少数几个有实力的机构手中（inthehandsofafew,large,powerfulorganizations)；有了媒体的宣传(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineeringforce),大规模的、有吸引力的广告(massseductiveadvertising)唤起了落后地区人们对物质新的向往（createfreshdesires),经济联系增强（strongeconomicties),西方产品取代了本地产品，使人们更加向往西方的文化；•文化开始融合在一起(mingle),人们被新的价值观所围绕(bombardedwithnewvalues)，对自己的文化失去信心和自豪感（confidenceandpride),拒绝接受自己的文化传统（rejectionoftheirculturalheritage)转而接受西方的文化习惯（adoptionofWesternculturalpractices);西方媒体削弱了民族的特征(ethnicidentity)和社会的凝聚力（socialcohesion);因为担心失去观众(alossofviewers),当地的电视台也开始播放西方的电视节目（televisionshows),•国际媒体的普遍会降低世界文化的品质和多样性（degradethequalityanddiversityofworldculture);文化被商业化（commercialized),—些文化产品（culturalgoods),如音乐、服装，都变成了商品（commoditiesinthemarketplace)。因此，即便一些文化在世界其他地方传播，它原来的性质（authenticity)已经丧失。媒体信息一致的优点：•国家之间的频繁交往会促进文化之间的