纳米压痕仪PPT-Nanoindentation

JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage1of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitNANOINDENTATIONBasics,theory,principlesandtechniquesJirNemecekCzechTechnicalUniversityinPragueFacultyofCivilEngineering,DepartmentofMechanicsThakurova7,16629Praha6,CzechRepublice-mail:[e-mail]rNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage2of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitOUTLINE1.Introduction2.Lengthscales,multiscalematerials,testing3.Principleofnanoindentation4.Instrumentation5.Theoreticalanalysis(indentationwithconicalandnon-conicalindenter,Oliver-Pharrmethod)6.Time-dependentmaterials.Visco-elasticanalysis7.Dynamicnanoindentation8.Practicalindentation(samplepreparation,indenterchoice,loadingparameters,corrections:areafunction,thermaldrift,instrumentcompliance,contactdeter-mination)JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage3of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitINTRODUCTIONNanoindentationisapowerfultechniqueusedforassessingmechanicalpropertiesatnano/micro-scale.Itisusedforobtainingmaterialparameterslikeelasticmodulus,hardness,plasticorviscousparametersfromexperimentalreadingsofindenterloadanddepthofpenetration.Forcesinvolvedareusuallyinthemiliormicronewtonrangeandthedepthintheorderofnanometers.Dierentkindsofprobescanbeusedformakinganimprintintothematerialsurface.Verysmallmaterialvolumeshavingtheorderofseveraltensofnanometerscanbeaccessedwiththetipofthenanoindenterandmaterialpropertiescanbeevaluatedforsuchasmallpieceofthematerial.JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage4of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitLengthscalesConcreteaggregate10100mmSandparticle1mmHumanhair50100m(0:050:1mm)Cementclinkergrain10100mGelstructuresinhydratedcement100nmCarbonnanotubesSWNT2nmWatermolecule3:1nmAtomofcarbon0:1nmJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage5of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitMultiscalematerialsBuildingmaterialsCompositesBiolologicalmaterialsBonesandothertissuesWood,PlantsConcreteC-S-HgelsCementpasteMortarConcreteJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage6of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitTestingofmaterialpropertiesStandardtestsonmacrolevel(hy-draulicpresses,electromechanicalpresses).Micro/nano-leveltests:nanoindenta-tion,ESEM,AFM,...ConnectiontomaterialmodelingJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage7of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitPRINCIPLEOFNANOINDENTATIONTheprincipleofnanoindentationliesinbringingaverysmalltiptothematerialsurfaceproducinganimprint.JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage8of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitIndenterprobesPopularindenters'shapesare:Berkovich(Three-sidedpyramid)Vickers(Four-sidedpyramidwithsquarebase)Conical/Cono-spherical(tipangle600;900)SphericalCubecornerCylindricalpunchKnoop(Four-sidedpyramidwithrect-angularbase)BerkovichConicalConosphericalCubecornerJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage9of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitIndentationtestdataA.Load-depthandload-timeplotsforelastic-plasticsolidB.Load-depthandload-timeplotsforvisco-elasto-plasticsolid.JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage10of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitINSTRUMENTATIONMajornanoindenterproducersare:HysitronInc.,USAMicromaterialsLtd.,UKCSM,SwitzerlandMTSSystemsCorporation,USAJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage11of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitHysitronTribolabFeaturesa:In-situSPMimagingnanoDMA0-300HzModulusmappingScratchtestPyramidalindentation(Berkovich)Loadrange100nN-30mN(@3nN)Z-resolution0.2nmLoad/depthcontrolActiveanti-vibrationaasinstalledatCTUPragueJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage12of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitNanotest,MicromaterialsFeatures1:Pendulumsystem;Temperatureandhumiditychamber;Spherical/Pyramidalindentation(Berkovich),Zoommicroscope40x;Highload0.1-20Nandlowloadhead0.1-500mN;Hightemperaturestage500oC1asinstalledatCTUPragueJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage13of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitCSMInstrumentsFeaturesa:High-endclimaticchamberPyramidalindenter(Berkovich)Opticalmicroscope5x,100x-Nikon(4000xCCDcamera)Loadrange0.1-500mNDepthresolution0.5nmReference-ringsystemCyclicloadingStaticanddynamictesting(sinus0-20Hz)aasinstalledatCTUPragueJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage14of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitTHEORETICALANALYSISElasticcontactproblemwassolvedalreadyinthehistory:1882-Hertz:solutionofelasticcontactoftwosphereswithdierentradii1885-Boussinesq:solvedstressesanddisplacementsinanelasticbodyloadedbyarigidaxisymmetricindenter1965-Sneddon:generalrelationshipbetweenload,displacementandcontactareaforanypunchdescribedasasolidofrevolutionofasmoothfunctionSneddon'sload-displacementrelationshipforanelasticsolidcanbeex-pressedbygeneralequationasP=hm(1)wherePistheload,histhedisplacement,andmareconstants(m=1foraatcylinder,2forcone,1.5forspheres).JirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage15of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitIndentationwithconicalindenterSituationundertheindenterLoad-depthcurveJirNemecekCTUPragueTitlePageJIJJIIPage16of48GobackFullScreenCloseQuitForacone,theSneddon'ssolutiongivesP=a2Macot(2)whereMisthereducedmodulus(whichaccountsfornon-rigidind