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Unit2GrowingpainsGrammarandusageByRita•A“ModelWorker(劳动模范)shouldbehard-workingandbrave.Heshouldalsobeaperson________isabletostandhardship.XiaoShenyangisjustapersonmakingpeoplelaugh.HeshouldnotbeconsideredaModelWorker.who/thatDoyouthinkXiaoShengyangshouldbeconsidereda“ModalWorker”?•ThePeople‘sRepublicofChina(中华人民共和国),_____wasfoundedin1949,celebratesthe60thanniversaryofitsfoundingonOctober1st,2009.which•Inreallife,Beyoncéhasbeenworkinghardtoproveherself.AfterahugesuccesswiththegirlgroupDestiny'sChild,shehadherfirstalbumDangerouslyInLove_______earnedherfiveGrammyAwardsin2004.that关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中的作用关系代词that人/物主、宾、表which物主、宾、表who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定as人/物/事情主、宾、表关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语成分所指关系词主语指人指物宾语指人指物定语指人指物that/whothat/which(that/who/whom)(that/which)whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhich1.Themostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing____Ihavesaid.2.Thisistheverydictionary_____Iamlookingfor.3.Thereisnothing______canpreventhimfromdoingthat.4.Those______breaktherulewillbepunished.thatthatthatFillintheblankswiththeproperrelativewordsthatwho•5.Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_______roof(屋顶)isunderrepair.•6.Iamlookingforaboxin_____Icanputallmythings.•7.Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswho______passedtheexam.•8.Idon’tliketheway____________youtalktoyourmother.whose(that/inwhich)haswhichtheone(that/which)which9.Thesongis_________________Ilikebest.10.Doyoulikethesong__________welistenedtobeforeclass?(that/which)11.Doyoulikethesongto______welistenedbeforeclass?Themantowho/whomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecityinthat/whichshelivesisfaraway.Arethesetwosentencesright?注意:介词+which（指物),不可省介词+whom（指人),不可省介词后不用who、thattoinThecitywhichshelives_____isfaraway.Themanwhomyouspoke_____isourheadmaster.A.Thefarm____whichweworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.B.Thisisthetree______whichweusedtoplaygames.onunder•preposition+which（指物）preposition+whom(指人）Howtochoosetherightprepositions1.介词的确定方法•Themoney_______whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.•Hewillneverforgettheday____whichhefailedintheexam.①根据先行词来确定onwith•Wethoughtyouwereaperson_______whomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.•TheWestLake,____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.②根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定forfromAir,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.③根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定withoutThepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.with•2.介词的位置•①一般情况下，介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。•Thisistheman________________Ilearnedthenewsfrom.Thisistheman____________Ilearnedthenews.fromwhom(who/whom/that)•Thisistheroom____________welivedinlastyear.(that/which)inwhichThisistheroom_________welivedlastyear.Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?•②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.•常见的这类动词短语有:•lookfor/after/forwardto,•carefor(照顾，喜欢）•hearof/about/from,takecareof等.•ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.•Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.1.Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook________shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_________sheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhich介词+关系代词的使用•5.Theman_________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.•6.Glasses,___________Ican’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.•7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_______weareproud.•8.Doyouremembertheday_______youjoinedourclub?towhomwithoutwhichofwhichonwhichThisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.1.名词+介词+关系代词thedaughterofwhom•RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.•A.whichprice•B.thepriceofwhich•C.itsprice•D.thepriceofwhose•Wehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的两个）•2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数）twoofwhom•Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.•A.ofwhich•B.whichof•C.ofthem•D.ofthat3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（两个都是）bothofwhom•Lastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.•A.bothofthey•B.neitherofwhom•C.bothofthem•D.allofwhom4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich•Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.•A.thelarger•B.thelargerofthem•C.thelargeronethat•D.thelargerofwhich5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段时间内）duringwhichtime•Intheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.•A.whose•B.that•C.onwhich•D.bywhichWhendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?WecamehereonOct.12,2005.Itwastheday_____________weweresentintothespace.when(onwhich)Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??hispacecapsuleWeworkandliveinaspacecapsule(太空舱).Itisaplace______________anastronautworksandlives.where(inwhich)Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mhavingmybloodpressure(血压)taken.I’mtakingpictures.Canyoutellmethereason______________youaretakingpictures?why/forwhichWecelebratethe60thanniversary(周年纪念日)ofthefoundingofthePRConOctober1st,2009.Iwillneverforgettheday_________