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由锂电池运输专家-世航通运提供国际民航组织(ICAO)危险品专家组(DGP)2015年10月19~30日加拿大蒙特利尔召开25次会议,会议经过多方讨论同意对锂离子和锂金属电池航空运输的技术细则做重大修改。根据美国联邦航空局FAA技术中心对锂电池进行的测试,目前客机货舱中的哈龙灭火器，无法有效的抑制和扑灭大量锂离子电池的火灾。波音公司也曾在今年7月份发布安全警示:其飞机的设计标准中,未把大批量锂电池运输可能生产的高温和爆炸,以及燃烧性气体考虑在内,存在着严重的安全风险。DGP考虑将更加严格的管控单独的锂离子电池(UN3480)的运输(这与锂金属电池(UN3090)趋于相同的管控规则),限制锂离子电池电荷载量不得超过30%;逐步禁止客机运输,对单独锂离子电池PI965SectionII例外条款的范围做出进一步的限制(只可1个包装),这被视为基本上取消了PI965SectionII的例外条款。本文为原创文章，如有转载请标明出处-世航通运本次DGP第25次会议决议的主要修改内容是:1,锂离子电池和电池组航空运输PI965荷电容量(SOC)上限为30％的状态。但如获得在原产地和运营商(航空公司)主管当局批准,电池和电池组可能会超过30％的SOC。2,PI965SectionII将限制每个运单不得超过一个包装件;Overpack中不得放入超过1个的PI965SectionII的包装件;外包装需张贴锂电池操作标签。3,在获得国际民航组织理事会批准后,上述规则最早可能2016年4月1日开始执行。10月国际航空运输协会IATA也发布了新的危险品规则第57版修改稿SignificantChangesandAmendmentstothe57thEdition(2016),其中针对锂电池部分的主要内容是:1,所有单独运输的锂离子电池PI965包装,须使用刚性材料,这其中包括SectionIB,SectionII部分。2,明确了PI966,PI967,PI969,PI970品名描述是设备(非电源功能)。3,PI967和PI970在一个包装内含不超过4个电芯或2个电池的,一单货中有超过两个包装的,须张贴电池操作标签。但一单货在两个包装以下的,可以不张贴锂电池标签,该规则执行有12个的过渡期。本文为原创文章，如有转载请标明出处-世航通运2017-2018版的IACO技术指导细则将做修改,并在2017年1月1日开始执行。新一版技术细则将会制定新的Class9锂电池标签规则,依据UN标准,将按照锂电池不同的电芯和类型,标签将分别显示对应的措辞加以区别,该过渡期为2年,至2018年12月。LithiumBatteriesasCargoin2016BackgroundThe25thmeetingoftheICAODangerousGoodsPanelmeeting(DGP/25),whichwasheldinMontreal19–30October2015,consideredanumberofproposalstoaddresssafetyconcernsassociatedwiththecarriageoflithiumbatteriesascargo,including:atotalprohibitiononthecarriageoflithiumionbatteries(UN3480)ascargoonpassengeraircraft;￭deletionofSectionIIofPackingInstructions965and968;restrictingthetransportoflithiumionbatteriestobeatnomorethan30%stateofcharge(SoC);￭removingtheallowanceforpackagesoflithiumionbatteries(UN3480)preparedaccordingtoSectionIIofPI965andlithiummetalbatteries(UN3090)preparedaccordingtoSectionIIofPI968tobeplacedinanoverpack.TheseproposalsresultedfromtestsconductedbytheFAATechnicalCentrethatindicatethatHalon,whichisthefiresuppressionagentusedinpassengeraircraftcargocompartments,maynotbecapableofsuppressingafireinvolvinglargequantitiesoflithiumioncells.Basedonthetests,themajoraircraftmanufacturersissuedrecommendationstotheoperatorsoftheiraircraftthatlithiumionbatteries(UN3480)notbeshippedascargoonpassengeraircraftuntilsafermethodsoftransportareestablished,andthatoperatorsconductasafetyriskassessmenttoestablishappropriateriskmitigationmeasuresbasedontheiroperation.ThemajorityoftheDGPdidnotsupportatotalprohibitiononthecarriageoflithiumionbatteriesonpassengeraircraftasthiswasseenaspenalisingcompliantshippers,whilenotaddressingthebroadercomplianceissuesaroundthetransportoflithiumbatteries.TheDGPdidthoughsupporttheadoptionoftherestrictionof30%SoCforUN3480andtolimitthetransportofthelithiumionandlithiummetalbatteriesthatareexceptedfrommostoftheregulatoryrequirements,preparedinaccordancewithSectionIIofPI965andPI968,tonomorethanonepackageperconsignment.TheDGPbelievethatthesechangeswillprovidesignificantimprovementstothesafetyoflithiumbatteriesinairtransport.TheDGPalsosupportedthedevelopmentofperformance-basedstandardsforpackagingsforlithiumbatteries,UN3480andUN3090.Astheperformance-basedstandardshaveyettobedeveloped,theDGPrecommendedthattherequirementsforSoCandtherestrictionsonnumberofpackagesfortheexceptedlithiumbatteriesbeimplementedinadvanceofthe1January2017effectivedateforthe2017–2018editionoftheICAOTechnicalInstructionsthroughanaddendumtothe2015–2016editionoftheICAOTechnicalInstructions.DGP/25hasrecommendedthattheadditionalrestrictionsforUN3480andUN3090beadoptedwitheffect1April2016(thisdateistobeconfirmed).TherecommendationofDGP/25hasstilltobeendorsedbytheAirNavigationCommissionandapprovedbytheICAOCouncil.TheactualdateofimplementationwilldependonthedatethatCounciladoptsthechanges.ChangestotheProvisionsforLithiumBatteriesEffective1April2016(actualdatetobeconfirmed)1.UN3480,PI965,SectionIAandIB.Lithiumioncellsandbatteriesmustbeofferedfortransportatastateofcharge(SoC)nottoexceed30%oftheirrateddesigncapacity.Cellsand/orbatteriesataSoCofgreaterthan30%oftheirratedcapacitymayonlybeshippedwiththeapprovaloftheStateofOriginandtheStateoftheOperatorunderthewrittenconditionsestablishedbythoseauthorities.Note:GuidanceandmethodologyfordeterminingtheratedcapacitycanbefoundintheUNManualofTestsandCriteria,5thRevisedEdition,Amend.1andAmend.2,Section38.3.2.3.2.UN3480,PI965,SectionII.Lithiumioncellsandbatteriesmustbeofferedfortransportatastateofcharge(SoC)nottoexceed30%oftheirrateddesigncapacity.Ashipperisnotpermittedtopresentfortransportmorethanone(1)packagepreparedaccordingtoSectionIIinanysingleconsignment.Notmorethanone(1)packagepreparedinaccordancewithSectionIIofPI965maybeplacedintoanoverpack.Whenthepackageisplacedinanoverpack,thelithiumbatteryhandlinglabelrequiredbythispackinginstructionmusteitherbeclearlyvisibleorthelabelmustbeaffixedontheoutsideoftheoverpackandtheoverpackmustbemarkedwiththeword“Overpack”.3.UN3090,PI968,SectionII.Ashipperisnotpermittedtopresentfortransportmorethanone(1)packagepreparedaccordingtoSectionIIinanysingleconsignment.Notmorethanone(1)packagepreparedinaccordancewithSectionIIofPI968maybeplacedintoanoverpack