母亲DHA摄入与胎儿-婴儿DHA营养状况及发育的关系-孟丽萍

34　22005　3　　　JOURNALOFHYGIENERESEARCHVol.34　No.2Mar.　2005　231:1000-8020(2005)02-0231-03··DHA、DHA孟丽萍　张坚　赵文华,　100050:　二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对胎儿、婴儿发育的重要生理作用已经引起了营养学界的广泛关注。孕妇和乳母作为胎儿、婴儿营养的主要提供者,其DHA营养状况对胎、婴儿DHA营养和发育具有重要影响。在孕期和(或)哺乳期补充DHA的母亲,其婴儿具有较高的血DHA水平和较好的体格、视力和智力发育水平。本文对国内外有关母亲DHA摄入与胎儿、婴儿DHA营养状况及发育关系的近期研究资料进行了综述。:二十二碳六烯酸　胎儿　婴儿　营养状况　发育:R153.2　　　　　　:ARelationshipbetweenmaternalDHAintakeandDHAstatusanddevelopmentoffetusandinfantMengLi-ping,ZhangJian,ZhaoWen-huaInstituteofNutritionandFoodSafety,ChineseCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention,Beijing　100050,ChinaAbstract:Theimportantphysiologicalfunctionofdecosahexaenoicacid(DHA)isbeingthefocusofnutriologyfields.TheDHAstatusofpregnantandlactationwomen,whoarethemainnutritionproviderforfetusandinfants,hadanimportanteffectonDHAnutritionanddevelopmentoftheirfetusandinfants.TheinfantswhosemotherhadasupplementofDHAduringpregnancyandlactationhavehigherbloodDHAlevelandbetterdevelopmentresultsofbody,visualacuityandintelligence.ThispaperreviewedtherecentinternationalresearchdataontherelationshipbetweenmaternalDHAintakeandDHAstatusanddevelopmentoffetusandinfant.Keywords:decosahexaenoicacid,fetus,infants,nutrition,development::,,　　(EFA)(LA)(LNA),。(DHA),n-3(LCPUFA),、、。、DHA,DHADHA,。,DHA。1　、DHA1.1　DHADHALCPUFA(),26,6,2[1]。,50～60mgn-3LCPUFA[2]。DHA、α-。,,DHA。,α-DHA,DHA,DHA,,DHA[3]。,DHA、,DHA,DHA,DHA。,,DHA。1.2　DHADHADHADHA。DHA、。DHA、DHA[4]。DHA,()DHA,DHA。,DHAn-3。DHA,DHA[5,6]。、DHA,28DHA、DHA20%;DHA,DHADHA,,DHA[7]。,DHA,DHA。DHA0.05%2.78%[8]。DHA,DHA,DHA,[9]。DHADHA[10]。2　、DHADHADHA,、DHA。,DHA。,n-3LCPUFA,、、n-3LCPUFA[11]。DHA,DHA。Lauritzen4,DHA50%[12]。JensenLapillonneDHA,DHA、DHA[9,13],DHA,,DHA,。DHA20%,,[14]。,、、DHA[15,16],DHA、DHA。、DHA,、DHA。DHA300mg。3　DHA、DHA、、,。3.1　。DHA、。DHA、。(AA)[17]。03,、[18]。SmutsDHA,DHA,、[19]。DHA3,DHADHA,、。30DHA,DHA3,。DHA,DHADHA,,EFAEFA。3.2　DHA,。DHA、4～8。DHA。DHA,DHA。,DHA。,,,,。,,;DHA[19],DHA,DHA。DHA,,:DHA,DHA,[19];17DHA,52[19],,DHA()。DHA。DHA。DHA,(VEP),DHAVEP,DHA[20]。3.3　18,DHA。AADHA,1、3[21]。40,DHA,DHA,DHA[22]。DHA、(PDI)(MDI),DHA[2,23,24]。,、DHAPDIMDI。Xiang590n-3n-6LCPUFA,DHA,[25]。Helland4DHA[26]。DHA,,DHA,DHA,。DHA232　　　　　　34,、,DHA。、,DHA、、,。,。DHA,。,,。,DHADHA,,DHA。,DHA,,。4　1　..:,2002,912　,.n-3.,2002,23(4):318-3193　HornstraG.Essentialfattyacidsinmothersandtheirneonates.AmJClinNutr,2000,71:1262-12694　,.N-3.,2000,27(5):300-3035　MontgomeryC,SpeakeBK,CameronA,etal.Maternaldocosahexaenoicacidsupplementationandfetalaccretion.BrJNutr,2003,90(1):135-1456　RumpP,MensinkRP,KesterADM,etal.Essentialfattyacidcompositionofplasmaphospholipidsandbirthweight:astudyintermneonates.AmJClinNutr,2001,73(4):797-8067　HjartakerA,LundE,BjerveKS,etal.Serumphospholipidfattyacidcompositionandhabitualintakeofmarinefoodsregisteredbyasemi-quantitativefoodfrequencyquestionnaire.EuropJClinNutr,1997,51:736-7428　OttoSJ,vanHouwelingenAC,HornstraG,etal.Theeffectofsupplementationwithdocosahexaenoicandarachidonicacidderivedfromsinglecelloilsonplasmaanderythrocytefattyacidsofpregnantwomeninthesecondtrimester.ProstaglandinsLeukotEssentlFattyAcids,2000,63:323-3289　CraigLJ,MaureenM,RobertE,etal.Effectofdocosahexaenoicacidsupplementationoflactatingwomenonthefattyacidcompositionofbreastmilklipidsandmaternalandinfantplasmaphospholipids.AmJClinNutr,2000,7l:292-29910　FidlerN,SauerwaldT,PohlA,etal.Docosahexaenoicacidtransferintohumanmilkafterdietarysupplementation:arandomizedclinicaltrial.JLipidRes,2000,41(9):1376-138311　,,,..,2000,16(7):413-41512　LauritzenL,JorgensenMH,MikkelsenTB,etal.Maternalfishoilsupplementationinlactation:effectonvisualacuityandn-3fattyacidcontentofinfanterythrocytes.Lipids,2004,39(3):195-20613　LapillonneA,PicaudJC,ChirouzeV,etal.Theuseoflow-EPAfishoilforlong-chainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsupplementationofpreterminfants.PediatrRes,2000,48(6):835-84114　AuestadN,MontaltoM,HallR,etal.Visualacuity,erythrocytefattyacidcomposition,andgrowthinterminfantsfedformulaslongchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsforoneyear.PediatrRes,1997,41:1-1015　MakridesM,NeumannMA,SimmerK,etal.Acriticalappraisaloftheroleofdietarylong-chainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsonneuralindicesofterminfants:arandomized,controlledtrial.Pediatrics,2000,105(1):32-3816　,,..,2000,16(7):509-51017　,,..,1998,6(1):15-1618　MalcolmCA,McCullochDL,MontgomeryC,etal.Maternaldocosahexaenoicacidsupplementationduringpregnancyandvisualevokedpotentialdevelopmentinterminfants:adoubleblind,prospective,randomisedtrial.ArchDisChildFetalNeonatalEd,2003,88(5):383-39019　SmutsCM,HuangM,MundyD,etal.Arandomizedtrialofdocosahexaenoicacidsupplementationduringthethirdtrimesterofpregnancy.ObstetGynecol,2003,101(3):469-47920　AuestadN,ScottDT,JanowskyJS,etal.Visual,cognitive,andlanguageassessmentsat39months:afollow-upstudyofchildrenfedformulascontaininglong-chainpolyunsaturatedfattyacidsto1yearofage.Pediatrics,2003,112(3Pt1):177-18321　MaruaM,NeumannlMA.Arandomizedtrialofdifferentratiosoflinoleictoа-linolenicacidinthedietofterminfants:effectsonvisualfunctionandgrowth.AmJClinNutr,2000,7l:120-12922　HamoshM.Long-chainpolyunsaturatedfattyacids:whoneedsthem?BiochemSocTrans,1998,26:96-10323　UauyR,HoffmanDR,MenaP,etal.