欧4欧5后处理方案(西南研究院)

RRRRSouthwestResearchInstituteSouthwestResearchInstituteSanAntonio,Texas,USASanAntonio,Texas,USARR美国西南研究院美国西南研究院湛日景湛日景博士博士ReggieZhan,Ph.D.ReggieZhan,Ph.D.黄益群黄益群博士博士YiqunHuang,Ph.D.YiqunHuang,Ph.D.RRSwRIEmissionsControlSolutionswithSwRIEmissionsControlSolutionswithAftertreatmentforAftertreatmentforChinaChina’’ssStageStageIVandVStandardsIVandVStandards美国西南研究院美国西南研究院针对中国第四针对中国第四、、五阶段柴油机排五阶段柴油机排放法规采用后处理系统的解决方案放法规采用后处理系统的解决方案ReggieZhan,Ph.D.andReggieZhan,Ph.D.andYiqunHuang,YiqunHuang,Ph.D.Ph.D.DepartmentofEngineandVehicleTechnologySouthwestResearchInstituteMarch20,2007RRRR提纲提纲OutlineOutline„„排放控制策略的概况排放控制策略的概况OverviewofEmissionsControlSolutionsOverviewofEmissionsControlSolutions„„采用后处理系统的解决方案采用后处理系统的解决方案AftertreatmentSolutionsAftertreatmentSolutions„„美国西南研究院美国西南研究院采用废气后处理系统的经验采用废气后处理系统的经验––应用实例应用实例SwRISwRI’’sExperienceinAftertreatmentSystemssExperienceinAftertreatmentSystems„„总结总结SummarySummaryRRRR欧洲公路用重型柴油机排放法规欧洲公路用重型柴油机排放法规EuropeanOnEuropeanOn--HighwayHeavyHighwayHeavy--DutyEmissionsLegislationDutyEmissionsLegislationParticulate(g/kW-hr)0.00.10.20.30.40.8NOx(g/kW-hr)0123456781415EuroIEuroIIEuroIIIEuroIVEuroVECE-R49forEuroIandII,EuropeanStationaryCycle(ESC)forEuroIII,IV,andVRRRR第四、五阶段排放策略第四、五阶段排放策略––采用现有的成熟技术采用现有的成熟技术StrategiesforStrategiesforStageStageIV,VIV,VEEmissionsmissions––UsingExistingandMaturedTechnologiesUsingExistingandMaturedTechnologies„„清洁柴油机清洁柴油机++废气后处理废气后处理CleanDiesel+AftertreatmentCleanDiesel+Aftertreatment––降低缸内排放物的生成降低缸内排放物的生成ReducingengineReducingengine--outemissionsoutemissions––采用废气后处理系统采用废气后处理系统ExhaustExhaustaftertreatmentaftertreatmentsystemsystemRRRR降低缸内排放物的生成降低缸内排放物的生成ReducingEngineReducingEngine--outEmissionsoutEmissions„„燃烧系统燃烧系统CombustionsystemCombustionsystem„„发动机设计发动机设计EnginedesignEnginedesign5PM4NOx3AF2Tbr1nPexntcTexVGTvaneTtoutTrqtmtdotVGTurbineTrqcTrqtntcTurbineInertiaScope4Scope3Scope2Scope1ScopeProduct2Product1ProductBulkTemp.Cyl.Press.fairenginespeedmodotmfNOxPMNOxandParticulate1uMathFunctionmcdotTcoutTicoutIntercoolernmegrdotmcdotmegrairdotTicoutTegrmodotPimmimmimairfairTimIntakeManifold1/20Gainmodotmtdotmegrdotav.ex.tempmfdotnfairmemPexTexTwallmexdotmemairExhaustManifoldTiTfrTloadnTbrEngineInertiamegrdotEGRcoolinEGRcooloutEGRcoolermemEGRvalvePegrdPegruTegrmemairmegrairdotmegrdildotmegrdotEGR814.1Display9405.2Display80.545Display7405.2Display69.213e+004Display53.567e+005Display43.426e+005Display30.014Display12815Display110Display101880Displaynmf1mf2mf3mf4mf5mf6PimPexTimV1P1Wcyc1T1Ti1V2P2Wcyc2T2Ti2V3P3Wcyc3T3Ti3V4P4Wcyc4T4Ti4V5P5Wcyc5T5Ti5V6P6Wcyc6T6Ti6instantaneoustq.av.ind.tq.av.ex.temp.av.frictiontq.Cyl-by-cylcombustionPimntcmcdot1TrqcTcoutCompressor4EngineLoad3EGRvalve2VGTvane1mf„„充气系统充气系统AirhandlingAirhandlingsystem/Turbo/EGRsystem/Turbo/EGR„„喷油系统喷油系统FuelinjectionsystemFuelinjectionsystem„„电控系统电控系统((控制逻辑控制逻辑))ControlsystemsControlsystems(Controllogic)(Controllogic)012345300360420480CrankAngle[degrees]CylinderPressure[MPa]-100102030405060708090HeatReleaseRate[J/deg]CylinderPressureInjectionCurrentHRRRRRR改善柴油机的燃烧改善柴油机的燃烧ImprovingDieselImprovingDieselCombustionCombustion„„改善柴油机的燃烧改善柴油机的燃烧,,减少发动机的排放的生成减少发动机的排放的生成,,增加废气后处理增加废气后处理的可行性的可行性ImprovingcombustionandreducingImprovingcombustionandreducingemissionsatthesourceemissionsatthesource,,increaseincreaseexhausttreatmentviabilityexhausttreatmentviability––优化燃油喷射和燃烧室设计优化燃油喷射和燃烧室设计OptimizationofinjectionandcombustionbowlOptimizationofinjectionandcombustionbowl––液态油束长度受到喷嘴孔径和缸内气液态油束长度受到喷嘴孔径和缸内气体密度的强烈影响体密度的强烈影响„„Smallerholes(100Smallerholes(100--120120μμmm))„„Higherdensity(highboost)Higherdensity(highboost)––需要采用更高的喷油压力和更小的喷需要采用更高的喷油压力和更小的喷嘴孔经嘴孔经––改善燃油喷霧与燃烧室的相互作用改善燃油喷霧与燃烧室的相互作用RRRR对充气系统的要求对充气系统的要求AirAirHHandlingandlingSystemSystem„„增压及空气增压中冷增压及空气增压中冷TurbochargingandairTurbochargingandair--toto--airairafteraftercoolingcooling„„采用先进的可变几何涡轮增压器采用先进的可变几何涡轮增压器––以加强对以加强对EGREGR的控制的控制––改善瞬态响应特性和空燃比控制改善瞬态响应特性和空燃比控制Advancedturbochargingconcepts(VariableAdvancedturbochargingconcepts(VariableGeometryTurbineGeometryTurbine--VGT)forVGT)forEGRcontrol,asEGRcontrol,aswellaswellastransientresponseandairtransientresponseandair--fuelratiofuelratiocontrolcontrolSeriesVGTRRRR对喷油系统的要求对喷油系统的要求RequirementsforFuelInjectionSystemRequirementsforFuelInjectionSystem„„改进喷油系统改进喷油系统ImprovedinjectionsystemsImprovedinjectionsystems––18001800--2500barmax.2500barmax.pressuresforunitpressuresforunitpump/unitinjectorpump/unitinjector––BetterrateshapingBetterrateshaping––MultipleinjectionMultipleinjectioncapabilitiescapabilities„„pilot+main+postpilot+main+post––Commonrail(1400Commonrail(1400--18001800max.bar)max.bar)0255075100125150-1003007001100150019002300-40-30-20-10010203040CylPrun489CylPrun491CylPrun493CylPrun486InjPrun489InjPrun491InjPrun493InjPrun486CylinderPressure,barInjectionPressure,barCrankAngleDegreeCommonRailInjectorDelphiE3UnitInjector-multipleinjection-2-1.5-1-0.500.5100.511.52-40-30-20-10010203040Mode4-500050010001500200025000246810Time,msInjectionPressure,barMode40501001502002500500100015002000InjectionPressure,barBSFC,g/kW-hrandNOx,ppm03691215Opacity,%