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定语从句专题讲座一、在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句有以下三种：1).由关系代词或关系副词引导的定语从句。2).由介词+which引导的定语从句。3).非限制性定语从句。学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。关联词在句中作状语就应使用关系副词.(where,when,why等。)否则使用关系代词(who,whom,whose,which,that,as等。)二、由who,whom,whose,that,which引导的定语从句：(who作主语，whom作宾语,whose用作定语，同时whose还可以指物，相当于ofwhich,which,that在从句中作主语或宾语）Thisisthedoctorwhosavedthebaby’slife.Heisthestudentwhomtheteacherpraisedatthemeeting.1.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherdiedayearago.2.Haveyouseenthenotebookwhosecoverisblack?3.Thisisthestorewhich/thatopensallnight.4.ThiswasthebestmodeloftheTVsetthatthefactoryproducedlastyear.三.关系副词when,where,why引导定从:1.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIcametoschool.IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIspentwithyou.2.Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonthathetoldme.3.ThisisthetownwhereIwasborn.ThisisthetownwhichIvisitedlastweek.四、介词+which/whom引导的定语从句:1.IsthistheHouseinwhichLuXunoncelived?(orIsthisthehousewhichLuXunoncelivedin?)2.Thisisthemagazinewhichyouarelookingfor.3.Hermanisayoungbutexperiencedteacher,fromwhomwecanlearnalot.4.Everystudenthasmanybooks,mostofwhicharetextbooks.5.WehavetwoEnglishteachers,ChristainandEmma,inwhomwebelieve.6.Thereare55studentsinourclass,allofwhomloveEmmadeeply.Notes:which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般可置关系代词之前或放在从句原来的位置。但在含有介词的动词固定短语中介词只能放在原来的位置上，而不能放在which之前，如例2则不能改为:Thisisthemagazineforwhichyouarelooking.五.由that引导的定语从句,可以指人或物，代替who,whom,which.在定语从句中that在从句中作主语、宾语，但不能放在介词后作介词宾语：E.g.:1.Thisisthephoto(that/which)ItookinBeijinglastyear.2.Thisisthemanthat/wholivesnextdoor.3.Isthistheprofessor(that)youtalkedaboutyesterday?1.在定语从句中that在从句中作主语、宾语，但不能放在介词后作介词宾语：、但下列情况只能用that。1.序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时用that。E.g.:1).ThisisoneofthebestnovelsthatIhaveeverread.2).ThefirstEnglishsongthatIlearnedwasABCsong.2.Allmuch,everything,nothing,something,anything作先行词时用that.(但先行词是everybody,everyone时应用who,one指人时也用who。）1).Everythingthatwesawattheexhibitiongreatlyinterestedus.2).Isthereanythingthatbelongstoyou?3).Allthatweneedismoretime.4).Nothingthattheparentsdodoesn'tinfluencetheirchildren.3.先行词为any、no、only、very等修饰时用that。1).Thatistheonlywaythatwecanfindatpresent.2).Thisisthetwelfthletterthatshehasreceivedfromhim.3).Thisistheverymuseumthatwevisitedforthefirsttime.4.先行词既指人又指物的并列名词时，用that.Eg:Mymotherandheroldfriendstalkedofthethingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.六.As作关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语。常用于下列结构中：1).Aswecansee,…Asisoftenthecase,…Asisknowntoall,……,asanybodycansee.2).such…as…thesame…as…as…as…eg:1.Thenumberofseniorhighschoolstudentsisincreasing,_______ismentionedabove.A.thatB.itC.suchD.as2.___isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What3.Noperiodinhistoryhashadasmanyimportantchanges____havetakenplaceinthepastcentury.A.whichB.asC.thatD.whatDBB非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句对先行词起限制作用，而非限制性定语从句是对概念清楚的先行词加以追加阐述或补充说明非限制性定语从句一般用which/who引导而不用that，作宾语的关系代词不能省略，从句与主句用逗号分开。1.YesterdayIsawyourbrother,whotoldmethegoodnewsofyourmother'srecoveryfromherillness.2.Iwenttoseetheirnewhouse,whichIlikedverymuch3.Shehastwobrothers,whoarebothdoctors.4.LastSaturdaytheyreachedShanghai,whereameetingistobeheld.2.在非限制性定语从句中as与which可以在整个主句作为其先行词指代上面或下面说的一件事，其区别如下：1.从意义上来看which(=andthis/that)可以译为“这/那”as译为“正如、象”。Heisateacher,which(=as)isclearfromhismannerThestudentforgottobringhisdictionary,asisoftenthecase.（此句中as不能用which代。）2从as,which在非限制性定语从句中的位置和作用来看as引导的从句可置于主句之前，亦可置于主句之后，which一般置于主句之后。1).ThispoemiswrittenbyScott,as/whichalmosteverybodyknows.2).Oceanscovermorethan70percentoftheearth,aswehaveseen.但不可译为：Whichiswell-knowtousall,oceanscovermorethan70percentoftheearth.一.用适当的关系代词或关系副词：1.YesterdayImetdoctorWang_____toldmethegoodnewsofhisson'spassingtheexamination.2.Thetwopupils______youtaughtthreeyeasagohavebecometeachers.3.HebegantoworkinBeijingintheyear______NewChinaisfounded.4.Idon'tknowthereason______shedidn'tagreetoourplan.5.Thisisasoldier________diedinthewarofResistanceWho/thatwho/that/whomwhenwhywho/that6.Hetoldeverything_______hehadseeninthetrafficaccident.7.ThiswasthebestmodeloftheTVset_______thefactoryproducedlastyear.8.TheyhavevisitedtheMuseumofChineseHistory_______PremierZhou’slifeanddeedsarebeingshown.9.Alice,_______dressisallred,looksverypretty.10.Thefirstthing______Iamgoingtodothiseveningistowriteareportabouttheexperiment.thatthatwherewhosethat