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高考阅读简答题专题指导邵阳市二中尹子武08-4-8高考阅读简答题专题指导08-4-8课前一练Practicebeforeclass题型分析解读1、猜测词义类★Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword.opposite★Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtothephrase“fallingtreestocleartheland.”phrase----------Deforestation2、具体事实细节类WhyWhenWhereWhoHowWhat……3.文章的主旨大意或标题类＊What’sthetitleofthewholepassage?＊What’sthemainideaofthewholepassage?＊What’sthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?＊Whatcanbeconcluded/learnedfromthepassage?＊What’sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?3、作者的写作意图和态度类＊Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthetaxidriver?＊Howdoestheauthorlikethetaxidriver?＊Howdoestheauthorfind……?＊AccordingtoParagraph3,what’stheauthorinfavorof?＊What’sthetoneofthepassage?＊Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?＊Whatdoesthepassageimplyabout……?答题要求和评分标准•简答题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上，用正确简洁的语言回答问题。在评分时同时考虑内容和语言。•给分标准2分---—答出全部内容，语言正确；1分---—答出部分内容，语言正确。扣分标准1、语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分（标点和大小写错误忽略不计）。2、整句原封不动照搬，扣0.5分。3、所给答案超过规定词数扣0.5分。Checktheanswersofthepracticebeforeclass常见错误例析-----You’vefoundthesourceoftheanswerbutyoumakegrammarorspellingmistakesoryoudon’tmeettherequirements.A.1.Findawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“angling”.------moved2.habitants------residence3.optional------choice4.reluctance------unwilling5.andhisstepfaltered------shakyMoving.Residents.Alternative.Unwillingness.Trembled.B.1.Howdidthewriterfeelaboutthewayhetreatedhischildren?(不超过六词）------Hefeelshameforhimself.(source:Iwanttotellhimofmyshame…)---------Hefeltashamedofhimself.2.Whenshouldyouchangeyourlifestyle？（不超过六词）---------40or45.---------At40or45.3.WherewasthemummyfirstnoticedbyTommy?(不超过三个词）--------Themuseum.-------Inthemuseum.4.Whichdoyouthinkmaybethemostidealwayforpeopleinbothcountries?（不超过八个词）---------WorkinLondonandliveinFrance.--------Working…….Living…..5.WhydoesTerryusethesuntanlotion?(不超过10个词）-------Protectinghisskin.-------Heisinthesunallday.------Toprotecthisskin.------Becauseheis……...6.What’sthetoneofthepassage?(不超过10个词）-------Admire.-------Admiring/Admiration.7.WhatmadeMrs.Blacksoannoyed?（不超过8个词）-------Allherroseshasbeenstolen.8.Intheauthor’sopinion,whatshouldpeopledowhentheyexperiencedisappointments?（不超过6个词）--------Usedisappointmentasanopportunityforgrowth.------Allherroseshavingbeenstolen.------Thatallherroseshadbeenstolen.____________opportunities应试方法与技巧1、怎样找同义词------联系上下文，利用猜词法，构词法和分析所划单词本身词性、词形以及其前后搭配，确定划线单词意义，然后做出选择。A.根据构词法（词根、前缀、后缀、合成词）1)Alongcarcanbenightmare.Thedriver…butfortheotheroccupantsofthecar,…Passengers.2)Cohabitingcouplesaretwiceaslikelytobreakupasmarriedcouples.Livingtogetherwithoutbeingmarried.3)Waterfronts------Shorelines4)Stockpile-------StorageB.根据上下文。1.Hewouldtakeoverthecareandfeedingofthecouple’s4children,plusallhouseholdcores…sharingthechild-raisingandhouseholdtaskswithPat.2.Iwasfeelingparticularlyweary——Mylegswereachingandmybackhurts…Tired3.Weshouldtrytoreformtheevaluatingcriteria,namelytheassessingstandardsofthestudents.4.WithschoolscuttingbackonPEclasses——andsomeeliminatingthemaltogether……MoreschoolsarereducingorstoppingtheirPEprograms.C.背记一些常见的同义词crucial---vital/essential/significant/criticaldeceive---cheatdecisive---dominantproportion---ratespectators---audiencefrustrated---discouragedsuspect---doubtaddress---speechreliable---dependable…………（见总汇）2.怎样缩写长句以符合规定词数1.把定语从句改为非谓语动词或介词短语或名词做定语。---Whatkindofstudentscansucceed?(不超过7词）---Thosewhoarealwaysworkinghardandhaveproperwaysofstudyingoftensucceed.Thoseworkinghardwithproperstudyingways.2.把状语从句改为非谓语动词Somenewregulationshavebeenworkedoutinorderthatthestudents’timeforexercisewillbeguaranteed.----Whyhavesomenewregulationsbeenworkedout?(不超过6词）---Toguaranteestudents’exercisetime.3.把主动语态变为被动语态或反之。4.省略定、状、补Morethanahalf–millionvolunteersaretakingpartinaninternationalmovementtocombtheshorelinesoftheworldforcigarettebutts,bottlecapsandanyotherrubbishtheycanfind.-----What’sthemainideaofthepassage?(不超过6个词）Volunteersarecombingtheword’sshorelines.5.将of所有格改成s’所有格。3.怎样确定主题或标题1）遵守三条原则：概括性原则——最大程度上覆盖全文。针对性原则——直指主要内容，外延适度。醒目性原则——短小精炼，多为短语。2）找主题句——通常都在第一段段首或最后一段，且常常首尾呼应。有时是一个疑问句。常具有语法上的独立性。（TrytofindthemainideaofPassage2)3)主题前标志性的关键词（组）有：Thesurveyshowsthat…Itcanbeconcludedthat……believe/think/argue/that…Inshort/conclusion/general/all/theiropinion…Herearesometipsfor………,but……4）对主题句做手术，确定最佳答案5）注意标题和主题的区别＊Awoodenbowl.＊Takecareoftheold——you’llbeold,too.4.背记一些表作者意图或态度的词appreciativeoppositeprejudicepassivesuspiciousapprovalinjusticeactivedisapprovalindifferentsensitiveguiltyneutralcriticalsensiblecomplaintcomplimentadmiringpassionatehatredoptimisticpessimisticaffectionateashamedsubjectiveobjectivecruelguiltyhelpfulconsiderateenvyfavorableflatteringsupportivesatirejealouscontentpositivenegativeregretfulThankyou!