作文号:375886题目:四级汉译英翻译:中国家庭文化原文:在传统的中国家庭文化中,同一祖先的几代后裔(descendants)居住在一起,形成一个大家庭。这种自治(autonomous)家族制度是中国传统社会的基本单位。中国的孩子们跟随他们父亲的姓。这和西方文化是一样的。如今在中国,孩子跟父亲的姓或母亲的姓在法律上都是合法的。除了那些因为结婚加入到家庭中的人以外,人们的姓氏都是一样的。译文:IntraditionalChinesefamilyculture,descendantsofseveralgenerationsfromthesameancestorlivedtogetherandformedabigfamilysystem.ThiskindofautonomousfamilysystemwasthebasicunitoftraditionalChinesesociety.Chinesechildrenfollowtheirfather’sfamilyname.Thisisthesameaswesternculture.NowadaysinChinaitislegallyfineforachildtofolloweitherfather’sfamilynameormother’sfamilyname.Withineachfamilysystem,ofcoursepeopleexceptthosewhojoinedthisfamilysystemthroughmarriageallhavethesamefamilyname.作文号:375887题目:四级汉译英翻译:法定假日原文:中国人民依法享受超过115天的假期,其中包括104天的周末和11天的节假日。中国一年中有7个法定假日,包括元旦(NewYear’sDay),春节(SpringFestival),清明节(QingmingFestival),五一劳动节(MayDay),端午节(DragonBoatFestival),中秋节(Mid-AutumnDay)和国庆节(NationalDay)。员工有5至15天的带薪年假。学生和老师有大约三个月的寒暑假。在中国,暑假_般约在7月1日开始,8月31日左右结束,寒假是根据春节的日期,通常是在1月或2月。译文:Chinesepeoplelegallyenjoyover115daysoffincluding104daysofweekendsand11daysoffestivals.Chinahassevenlegalholidaysinayear,includingNewYear’sDay,SpringFestival,QingmingFestival,MayDay,DragonBoatFestival,Mid-AutumnDayandNationalDay.Employeeshave5to15daysofpaidannualleave.Studentsandteachershavesummerandwintervacationsforaboutthreemonths.ThesummervacationinChinagenerallystartsaroundJuly1standendsaroundAugust31st,andthewintervacationusuallyfallsonJanuaryorFebruaryaccordingtothedateoftheSpringFestival.作文号:375885题目:四级汉译英翻译:四合院原文:四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。四合院之间的狭窄的街道被称为“胡同”。_个四合院有园林包围着四个房子,有高高的围墙保护。四合院与胡同都是人们常见到的,有超过700多年的历史,但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展,四合院慢慢地从北京消失。译文:SiHeYuanisaclassicalarchitecturestyleofresidentialhousingofBeijingcitizensdatedfromtheMingDynasty.ThenarrowstreetsbetweentheSiHeYuanarecalled“Hutong,’s.AsingleimplementationofSiHeYuancomprisesofgardensurroundedbyfourhousesandprotectedbyhighwalls.SiHeYuanwithHutongwhichhavebeenveryfamiliartopeople,havingahistoryofmorethan700yearsnowsufferfromtheurbanrenovationandeconomicdevelopmentofChina,andtheyareslowlydisappearingfromBeijing.作文号:375888题目:四级汉译英翻译:京剧原文:京剧(BeijingOpera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术,京剧的服装(costume)、脸谱(facialmask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困者的服装则简单朴素,少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物形象的重要手段,它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery),黑色代表正直不阿,黄色是骁勇,蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebelliousfighters),金、银色多用于神佛(divinityandBuddhism)等。译文:BeijingOperaisthecreamoftheChineseculture.Asatraditionalartform,itscostumesandfacialmaskaremorepopularwithpeople.Differentstylesofcostumesareusedtoreflectthestatusofdifferentcharacters.Therearemoredecorationsinthecostumesofnobles,whilethoseofthepoortendtobesimpleandlesselemental.Facialmaskscanreflectqualitiesofdifferentcharacters.Facialmasksusingdifferentcolorsareimportantwaystoportrayacharacter.Peoplecantellaherofromavillainbythecolorsofthemasks.Ingeneral,whiteusuallyrepresentstreachery,blackrepresentsrighteousness,yellowrepresentsbravery,blueandgreenrepresentrebelliousfighters,whilegoldandsilverrepresentdivinityandBuddhism.作文号:375889题目:四级汉译英翻译:孔子原文:孔子(Confucius)是一位思想家、政治家,教育家,也是中国儒学(theRuSchool)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism),这个道德和宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(MasterKung)的教学上。冯友兰,中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一,把孔子在中国历史上的影响比作西方的苏格拉底。译文:Confuciuswasathinker,politicalfigure,educator,andfounderoftheRuSchoolofChinesethought.Confucianism,thegreatsystemofmoralandreligiousphilosophybuiltupontheteachingsofMasterKung.FungYou-lan,oneofthegreat20thcenturyauthoritiesonthehistoryofChinesethought,comparesConfuciusinfluenceinChinesehistorywiththatofSocratesintheWest.作文号:375890题目:六级汉译英翻译:中国人口老龄化原文:如今,中国正步入老龄化社会,因此独生子女一代面临着巨大的工作和生活压力。中国政府开始适当调整计划生育政策,允许一些家庭在特殊情况下生育二胎。但调查显示,很多夫妻迫于不断加重的经济压力,放弃生育二胎。因此,要从根本上解决老龄化的问题不能依靠出生率的上升,最有效的办法是建立有效的社会保障制度。译文:Nowadays,Chinaissteppingintotheagingsociety.Therefore,theonly-childgenerationisfacingenormouspressurebothfromworkandlife.TheChinesegovernmenthasbeguntoadjustthefamilyplanningpolicyandallowssomefamiliestohaveasecondchildundercertaincircumstances.However,thesurveyshowsthatsomecouplesabandontohaveasecondchildduetotheincreasingfinancialburden.Thus,inordertosolvetheagingproblem,thebasicthingisnotrelyingontheincreaseofbirthrate.Thebestsolutionistoestablishaneffectivesocialsecuritysystem.作文号:375892题目:六级汉译英翻译:文化概述原文:在中国五千年的文明史上,中国人有无数的发明和创造,如汉字、中医、丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)、指南针、造纸术、印刷术、火药(gunpowder)等。这些独特的发明和创造是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献,证明中华民族是一个富于原创性的民族。与此同时,中国人又有一种开放的心胸,欢迎远方来的朋友,并以极高的热情吸收和包容外来的文化。大唐盛世和郑和七下西洋都表明,中华文明具有一种开放性和伟大的包容性。译文:Overahistoryof5000years,Chinesepeoplehaveproducednumerousinventions.Theseuniqueinventions,includingChinesecharacters,traditionalChinesemedicine,silk,porcelain,thecompass,papermaking,printingandgunpowder,arethesignificantcontributionsChinesemadetotheglobalcivilization,provingthatChinesenationisfullofcreativity.Inthemeanwhile,theChinesepeoplehavealwayskeptanopenmindtowardsforeignfriendsandabsorbforeigncultureswithahighenthusiasm.BothoftheprosperityoftheTangDynastyandZhengHe’ssevenlongvoyagestotheWestintheMingDynasty,demonstratetheopennessandinclusivenessoftheChineseculture.作文号:375784题目:六