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20068Aug.2006()JOURNALOFSOUTHCHINANORMALUNIVERSITY(NATURALSCIENCEEDITION)20063No.3,2006:2005-05-29:(031522);(91021):(1979-),,2004;(1967-),,,,,Email:beifangyelang@126.com.:1000-5463(2006)03-0134-08,,,(,510631):1519LIA,,,.,,,,,.:;;;:P467:AINFLUENCEOFCOLDCLIMATECONDITIONSONSOCIALDEVELOPMENTDURINGTHEMINGANDQINGDYNASTIESINGUANGDONGAREALIUWei,ZHONGWei,XUEJi-bin,ZHENZhi-guo(SchoolofGeography,SouthChinaNormalUniversity,Guangzhou510631,China)Abstract:Basedoncomparisonofweatherdisasters,chaoscausedbywarandpopulationdevelopment,etc,whicharededucedfromthehistoricdocumentsinGuangdongareainLittleIceAge(LIA),theinfluenceofclimateonsocialdevelopmentduringMingandQingdynastiesarestudied,anditisfoundthatsomephenomena,suchasreductionofagricultureoutput,deteriorationofecosystemenvironment,increasesinchaoscausedbywarandepi2demicdisease,decelerationofpopulationdevelopment,allareassociatedwithcoldclimateconditionsduringLIA.SotheauthorspointoutthatclimatemayplayveryimportantrolesindevelopmentofsocietyandeconomyinGuangdongareas.Keywords:Guangdongarea;MingandQingDynasties;climatechange;developmentofsocietyandeconomy,.,,,,.,,[1],,,.,,.,,,,.,,,,.,,.11519,.,[2],:1488,,;1549,,,;1614;1786,,;1832,,,,,,,,;1897,.(LIA)[3,4]..,30201.0,1.52.0[5].,,.14501890,3[4],,.,,,[6-8].[9],,.,,,,1.2,.,,5313:1Tab1DivisiononcoldperiodsinGuangdongandotherdistrictinLIA1450s1490s1600s1690s1800s1840s1450s1490s1600s1690s1800s1890s1400s1490s1650s1740s1850s1940s()1450s1510s1560s1690s1790s1890s()147015201620172018401890()150115371618168418611897()148515271606176718351897()1480s1540s1610s1780s1830s1890s,,,.,.2.1,,,.,.,,,.,,,.,,[9][8],,,.,.,,,,.,,,,,.,.,,.,.,.,,,,.,.,,.,,,,.,,.,.1485500,5(1),1,,631()2006,,.,.1LIAFig1DisastersequencesinGuangdongareaduringLIA,,.[10],,,.1854.,,,,.(1532),,[11].,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,[11].[11],,..2.2.,,,,,,,,,.,.[12]7313:,14851911,206,0.48.,.[13],.1930,500,,,,.,,.[13],(),[18],.2Fig2Comparisonbetweenchaoscausedbywar,droughtdisastersequenceinGuangdongareaandwinter-halfyeartemperaturechangededucedfromeasternChina,.,,.,,.,,,.,.,.,,,,.2.3.,,,.,,,,,,.,,,,.,.,...3,.17,,,,1716,[15],,.1819,1480,,,,.831()2006,.,193040,,19.,1930,,,,.,,,,.3Fig.3PercentageofpopulationincreaseinGuangdong2.4,.,.,,.,,.[16],400600ADDarkAges,.,,,,,.,.,,,..4Fig4Possiblerelationshipbetweensocialdevelopmentandcoldclimatecondition[17],,1625,1761,1871,19498,1950.3%.,1724,0.24;1836,0.36;19134,1.34.,19,.,3,,,1940.,19,19,,.,[18],.,,,,.,,.9313:3,,.,.,:(1),..,,.,,.(2),.,,,,,,,,.,4.(3),.,.,,,.,,,,.(),,.:[1],,.[J],,1996,51(4):329-338.[2].[M].:,1961:6-124;167-176.[3].[J].,1973,16(2):226-256.[4],,.[J].,1998(1):54-64.[5].[J].,1995(3):202-212.[6],,.2000[J].,1997(1):86-94.[7],.[J].,1998(1):65-70.[8],.[J].,2000,55(6):744-750.[9],,.1519[J].:,2004(4):123-131.[10].[J].,2000(2):61-70.[11].[J].,2004,13(2):58-63.[12]().[M].:,1981.[13],.[J].,1995,14(4):32-41.041()2006[14],,,.2000a[J].,2002,9(1):169-180.[15].[J].:,2001,28(3):62-65.[16],,,.DarkAges[J].,27(2):254-260.[17],.1911[J].,1999,16(4):321.[18],.[J].:,1999():25-28.(108)[8],,,..[J].2004,20(5):690-695.[9],,.[J].,2004,25(10):51-54.[10]REYNOLDSTJA.,TANFORDC.Bindingofdodecylsulfatetoproteinsathighbindingratios.Possibleim2plicationsforthestateofproteinsinbiologicalmembranes[J].ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSci2ences,1970,66(3):1002-1010.[11]SOKOLOFFRL.Rapidspectrophotometricassayofdodecylsulfateusingacridineorange[J].AnalBiochem,1981,118:138-140.[12],,,.-2[J].,2001,3:354-3569.[13]LAEMMLIYK.CleavageofstructuralproteinsduringtheassemblyoftheheadofbacteriophageT4[J].Na2ture,1970,227:680-685.[14]BRADFORDMM.Arapidandsensitivemethodforthequantitationofmicrogramquantitiesofproteinutili2zingtheprincipleofproteindyebinding[J].AnalBiochem,1976,72:248-254.[15],.[J].:,2005(4):91-98.[16]KERRMW,GROVESD.Purificationandpropertiesofglycolateoxidasefrompisumsativumleaves[J].Phy2tochem,1975,14:359-362.1413: