分类号编号烟台大学毕业设计大型低速柴油机活塞环常见故障分析及处理Faultanalysisandprocessingoflargelow-speeddieselenginepistonrings院系:海洋学院专业:轮机工程技术姓名:朱武刚学号:201060602147指导老师:王鑫2013年5月26日烟台大学海洋学院大型低速柴油机活塞环常见故障分析及处理姓名:朱武刚导师:王鑫2013年5月26日烟台大学毕业论文任务书院(系):海洋学院姓名朱武刚学号201060602147毕业届别2013专业轮机工程毕业论文题目大型低速柴油机活塞环常见故障分析及处理指导教师王鑫学历本科职称工程师所学专业船舶电气主要内容:分析柴油机活塞环常见的故障,对其故障机理和原因进行分析,论述常见故障的诊断和检测方法,提出各种故障的维修方法。基本要求:⑴格式符合规范要求,文字材料通顺、清楚;⑵论文结构要严谨、层次清晰,选用数据准确、论据充分,分析归纳合理,结论正确。进度安排:2013.2.25~3.1开题、搜集资料2013.3.4~3.18完成论文大纲2013.3.19~5.20撰写毕业论文初稿。2013.5.20~6.8论文修改定稿、打印并准备答辩。指导教师签字:2013年02月25日院(系)意见:教学院长(主任)签字:年月日附注:烟台大学毕业论文I大型船用柴油机活塞环故障分析及处理【摘要】:活塞环是柴油机中重要的零部件之一,活塞环的工作情况对燃油燃烧完善程度和工作状态起着至关重要的作用,活塞环在气缸套中受到高温高压燃气的作用和冲刷产生很大的机械应力与热应力;在恶劣的工作条件和低的运动速度下难于形成理想的液体动压润滑,管理不当会出现故障的可能性,一旦出现故障就有可能破坏主机的正常工作性能,严重时还会致使活塞,气缸,增压器等相关件损坏,其危害是相当严重的,因此,正确认识活塞环断裂产生的机理,并采取积极的预防措施,对于船舶的安全营运和提高机械设备的使用效益有十分重要的意义。随着现代柴油机监控技术的发展,如油液分析技术、磨损监控技术、缸套油膜监控技术等已经在新型现代化船舶上得到应用,这为轮机员分析判断活塞环及气缸内的工作状态提供了有利的依据。所以对活塞环运行管理和维护,提高活塞环运行寿命,对保证柴油机的安全、可靠和经济运行尤为重要。本文探讨了活塞环出现故障的原因和影响的因素,并针对该故障的诱发原因对柴油机的日常维护管理提出了建议。关键词:活塞环;故障;处理方案;意义烟台大学毕业论文IIAbstract:Pistonringisoneoftheimportantpartsofadieselengine,pistonringsworkthefuelcombustiondegreeofperfectionandworkingconditionsplaysavitalrolebythehightemperatureandhighpressuregasinthecylinderliner,pistonringsandtheerosiongeneratedalotofmechanicalstressandthermalstress;poorworkingconditionsandlowvelocitydifficulttoformanidealhydrodynamiclubrication,mismanagementtherewillbethepossibilityoffailure,abreakdownislikelytodestroythehost'snormalworkperformance,alsoresultinginseveredamageofthepiston,cylinder,turbocharger,theharmisveryserious,acorrectunderstandingofthepistonringfracturemechanism,andtotakeactivepreventivemeasuresforthesafeoperationofshipsandofgreatsignificancetoimprovetheefficiencyintheuseofmachineryandequipment.Withthedevelopmentofmoderndieselenginemonitoringtechnology,suchasoilanalysis,thewearmonitoringtechnology,cylinderlinerfilmmonitoringtechnologyinthenewmodernshiphasbeenappliedfortheengineersworkingconditionanalysistodeterminepistonringsandcylinderprovidesfavorablebasis.Sothepistonringoperationmanagementandmaintenancetoimprovethelifeofthepistonringsruntoensurethesafetyofthedieselengine,reliableandeconomicoperationisparticularlyimportant.Thispaperdiscussesthepistonringfailurecausesandeffectsoffactorsandrecommendationspredisposingcausesforthefailureoftheday-to-daymaintenanceandmanagementofthedieselengine.Keywords:pistonringfaulttreatmentoptionsmeaning烟台大学毕业论文III目录前言.......................................................................................................................................................................1第一章活塞环的工作条件...............................................................................................................................2第二章故障实例...............................................................................................................................................32.1检修现象................................................................................................................................................32.2分析原因................................................................................................................................................32.3处理方案................................................................................................................................................3第三章活塞环的粘着故障及处理方案.............................................................................................................43.1活塞环粘着............................................................................................................................................43.2活塞环粘着的原因................................................................................................................................43.3如何判断活塞环粘着............................................................................................................................43.4如何处理粘着环....................................................................................................................................43.5防止活塞环粘着的措施........................................................................................................................4第四章活塞环的异常磨损故障及处理方案.......................................................................................................64.1活塞环异常磨损....................................................................................................................................64.2活塞环异常磨损的特点及原因.........................................................................................................64.2.1疲劳损伤.................................................................................................................................64.2.2偏向磨损....................................................................................................................................64.2.3工作面擦伤................................................................................................................................64.2.4活