The-disadvantages-and-advantages-of-stress-压力的优点与缺

ThedisadvantagesandadvantagesofstressModernsocietyisfastpacedanddailylifehasagreatdealofworkandstudy.Therefore,thereareagreatdealofstressappeared,suchasjobpressureforworkers,studypressureforstudents,economicpressureforfamiliesandpeoplewhohaveresponsibilitytosociety.However,stresshasbothnegativeandpositiveinfluences.Thisessaywilltrytodemonstratethedisadvantagesandadvantagesofstress.Therearetwomaindisadvantagesofstress.Oneofthemaindisadvantagesisitcouldleadtohealthproblems.Thatis,stresscouldbringaboutbothphysicalandpsychologicaldiseases,accordingtoEdworthy(2000),“highbloodpressure,heartdisease,asthmaandulcers,andunlessthepressureisremoveditwillultimatelyleadtodeath”.Forexample,especiallywhenpeoplehavedifficultjob,theystayinaharmfulandpoorenvironment.Thesepeoplemaylacksleep,oftenhaveirregularlife-styles,andasaresult,theycouldgetdiseaseseasily.People’sphysicalhealthdeteriorationandtheirpsychologicalproblemsmaybecomeunstableconditionswhichaffectfamiliesandsociety.Anotherdisadvantageisthatpeoplewhoareunderstresstendtohaveunstablepersonalbehaviors.Inotherwords,whenpeoplehavepressures,theymaychoosecertainactivitiestorelievestress.However,thereareunstablepersonalbehaviorscouldbechosen,suchasovereating,drinking,smokingandgambling(Zellneretal.,2006;Bergevinetal.,2006).Theseactivitiesareharmfulandtheycouldbringcrisesinfamilieswhichareunderpressures.Inaddition,criminalactivitiestendtobechosenwhenpeoplehaveexcessivestress.Forexample,itispossiblesomepeoplemaychoosecriminalassaulttofemaleaftertheysufferposttraumaticstressdisorder(Dancu,Riggs,Hearst-Ikeda,Shoyer,&Foa,1996).Therefore,stressisbadforlifeandsociety.Stresshasdisadvantages,howeveritcouldhasadvantages.Thefirstadvantageisthatstresscouldallowpeopleworkhardandefficiently.Peopletendtoconcentrateonsomethingwhentheyareunderstress.Forinstance,studentsprobablyspendmoretimeonstudyingiftheyhaveexams,especially,attheendoftheirsubjects.Thiscanbeillustratedbythefactthatnearexamsthemainlibrarybecomesmorecrowdedthanatothertimes.Inadditiontothis,itispossiblethatworkersmayworkhardwhentheyhavedifficultjob.Thesefactsshowthatstresscouldhavepositiveinfluenceonpeople.Anotheradvantagewithstressisthatitcouldallowpeoplereachremarkableachievementsandhardshipscouldmakepeoplemoreactive.Forexample,KarlMarx’sstudyareawasunacceptablewhenhewasconductinghisresearch.However,thisdifficultsituationbroughthimenthusiasmabouthiswork.Finally,hecompleted‘DasKapital’.Anotherexampleis,LudwigVanBeethovenwhowasdeaf.Incredibly,hebecameanoutstandingmusician.Thus,itcanbeseenthatpeoplecouldbeencouragedwhentheyareunderstress.Thisessayhasarguedboththenegativeandpositiveinfluencesofstress.Inconclusion,itmaybearguedthat,stresscouldcausesomehealthissuesandimproperbehaviors(Edworthy,2000;Zellneretal.,2006;Bergevinetal.,2006).Ontheotherhand,stresscouldbringaboutsomepositiveinfluenceonpeople,suchasallowingpeopleworkhardandachievesuccess.Itseemsthattheadvantagesofstressaregreaterthanthedisadvantages.Atthesametime,peopleshouldattempttocontrolstressatareasonableandappropriatelevelsothatitcanplayanactiverole.ReferenceEdworthyA(2000).Managingstress.Buckingham:OpenUniversityPress.ZellnerDA,LoaizaS,GonzalezZ,PitaJ,MoralesJ,PecoraD,WolfA(2006).Foodselectionchangesunderstress.Physiology&Behavior.87(4):789-793.BergevinT,GuptaR,DerevenskyJ,KaufmanF(2006).Adolescentgambling:Understandingtheroleofstressandcoping.JournalofGamblingStudies22(2):195-208.Dancu,C.V.,Riggs,D.S.,Hearst-lkeda,D.,Shoyer,B.G.andFoa.E.B.(1996),Dissociativeexperiencesandposttraumaticstressdisorderamongfemalevictimsofcriminalassaultandrape.J.Traum.Stress,9:253-267.Doi:10.1002/jts.2490090208.