KK音标笔记

欢迎大家来到ＫＫ音标课堂MainParts•关于ＫＫ音标•自然拼读•26个字母的基本发音•重音•音的变化1.关于自然发音法和ＫＫ音标•Phonics:在台湾被称之为“字母拼读法”,我们把它叫做“自然发音法”.•KKphoneticsymbols:表示美式发音的一种符号.名称来源于两位创始人的名字:John.S.Kenyon&Thomas.A.KnottKK音标→[ə][ɚ]轻声其余的母音：四声[i][I][e][ɛ][æ][a][u][ɔ][o][ʌ][ə][ɚ][ɝ]双母音：【au】【ai】【ɔi】扁小大母音共17个[U]母音KK音标子音：轻声无声子音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][ʃ][tʃ][h]有声子音：[b][d][g][v][z][ð][ʒ][dʒ]有声子音：[m][n][ŋ][l][r][w][j]子音共24个练习易混淆的发音（母音）[i]/[ɪ][e]/[ɛ]beater/bitterwaste/westreach/richdate/debtgreed/gridmate/met[e]/[æ][o]/[ɔ]maid/madlow/lawlake/lackcoat/caughtsnake/snackboat/bought[ɪ]/[ɛ][a]/[ʌ]Sit/setnot/nuttin/tensock/sucklisten/lessoncollar/color练习易混淆的发音（子音）[s]/[θ][z]/[ð]pass/pathsize/scythesink/thinkclosed/clothedsum/thumbbays/bathe[l]/[r][s]/[ʃ]lead/readsip/shipflea/freeseat/sheetcloud/crowdsee/she[a]→watch,are,not,clock.※Watchesarenotclocks.Awatchisnotaclock.[o]→those,owner,row,old,boat※Thoseownersrowedoldboats.[ɔ]→Paul,caught,all,ball※Paulcaughtallballs.[U]→wolf,pull,wooden,hook※Awolfpullwoodenhooks.[u]→Sue,blew,two,blue,bollon※Sueblewtwobluebollons.Unit2拼读练习拼读原则→子音+母音（后母接前子）[i]→we,see,three,bunny,field※Weseethreebunniesinthefield.[ɪ]→Tim,grill,six,fish※Timgrilledsixfish.[e]→May,bake,eight,cake※Maybakedeightcakes.[ɛ]→Ted,help,them,sell,seven,egg※Tedhelpedthemselleveneggs.母音：[æ]→that,man,cast,glance,at,cat※Thatmancastaglanceatthatcat.[ʌ]→one,dump,truck,bump,bus※Onedumptruckbumpedonebus.[ə]→the,polite,Aamerican,awake※ThepoliteAmericanawaked.[ɝ][ɚ]→thirty,person,never,learn,verb,mother※ThirtypersonsneverlearnedverbwithMother.[ai]→Mike,ride,white,bike※Mikeriedsawhitebike.[au]→our,cow,found,house※Ourcowwasfoundinourhouse.[au]→our,cow,found,house※Ourcowwasfoundinourhouse.Unit3自然发音Aa[æ]bag,cat,jamBb[b]bat，bed,boyCc[K]can,car,coatDd[d]dog,door,duckEe[ɛ]bell,desk,redFf[f]face,fan,foodGg[g]game,girl,legHh[h]hat,hari,hopeIi[ɪ]bid,kiss,sixJj[dʒ]job,july,jumpKk[k]key,king,kiteLl[l]lake,leaf,lightMm[m]man,mask,meatNn[n]name,neck,nightOo[o]cold,rose,smokePp[p]pig,pen,porkQq[kw]quit,queen,questionRr[r]rabbit,rain,rightSs[s]sale,sea,busTt[t]table,time,pointUn[ʌ]cup,luck,sunVv[v]vase,voice,gloveWw[w]watch,web,workXx[ks]box,ax,oxYy[j]yellow,yes,youngZz[z]zero,zoo,size自然发音的特殊情况，也就是同一字母的发音产生了规则外的变化。※dog[ɔ]god[a][i]→e:weee:feet,seeea:heat,fleay:lady,easyie:field,thief[ɪ]→i:dig,milky:gu,dirty[e]→a..e:name,lakeai:nail,rainay:day,wayea:steak,great[ɛ]→e:bed,cellea:bread,heade..e:sense,fence母音[æ]→a:cat,flag[a]→o:lock,clocka:watch,arm[ɔ]→o(r):for,doora(l):talk,walka(ll):ball,tallay:cause,pauseaw:saw,law[U]→oo:book,cooku:put,push[u]→oo:moon,foodu:ruby,Julyue:blue,trueew:flew,blewu-e:rule,flute[ʌ]→u:Dutch,funo:son,comeou:double,southern[ə]→a:ago,aboute:quiet,happeni:direct,possibleo:today,secondu:circus,album[ɚ]→er:after,sisteror:tailor,actor[ɝ]→ur:burn,furer:clerk,verbir:bird,girl[ai]→i-e:bike,kitey:cry,dryi:child,kindie:die,pieigh:night,right[au]→ou:cloud,houstow:cow,down[ɔi]→oi:coin,pointoy:boy,enjoy子音[k]→c:cat,cot,cutk:key,kingck:luck,backlk:talk,walkq(在u之前):queen,quit[g]→g:在a,o,u或者其它子音前gate,got,green在字尾：bag,doggh:ghost[f]→f:fan,fiveff:muffin,offph:phone,photoif:shelf,halfgh:（在au,ou）之后，laugh,enough[s]→C（在i,e,y之前）：circle,cent,cycles:sun,busss:boss,kiss[ʃ]→sh:shark,fish※若s和h出现在不同音节，不这么发,如：dishonor,ti:nation,stationsci:consciencech:(常出现在法国字演变成的英文字)chef,chaletssi:missions:sure,sugarsi:mansion[θ]→th:thin,bath[ð]→th:that,gather※但Thomas,thyme[ʒ]→si:vision,occasion,s:pleasure,measureg:fouge,garage[tʃ]→ch:cheese,luncht:nature,situationtch:match,catch[dʒ]→g(在i,e,y之前)gentle,giantj:just,enjoyage:bridge,judged:graduation,education[h]→h:hat,hamwh:who,whom,whose[n]→n:can,nestnn:runner,dinnerkn:knife,sign[ŋ]→n（在k之后）：pink,thinkng:ring,song※ng发[ng]的音有finger,kangaroo[j]→y:yellow,youi:onion子音字母省略不发音的情况：b→在t或m前不发音：debt,thumbc→ck的c不发音：pick,lick偶尔在s之后不发音：sceneg→在n之前不发音：gnash,degigngh→在t之前不发音：bought,caughth→在r或ki之后不发音：rhyme,khaki→和母音同时出现在字尾：ho,hurrah→偶尔在子音和费重音节母音之间不发音：shepherd→偶尔在字首不发音：hour,honor→在ex之后，exhaustk→和n同时出现在字首时不发音：know,kneel→在alk,alm,alf中不发音：talk,calm,half→在ould中不发音：should,couldn→和m同时出现时不发音：autumn,columnp→在n,s,t之前不发音：psychologys→偶尔在i之后不发音：island,aislet→sten及-stle中的t不发音：fasten,castleu→偶尔在g和q之后不发音：guardw→和r同时出现在字首时不发音：write,wrong→在某些单字中不发音：two,answer,swordUnit4Part1重音练习A.单音节子音（轻声）+母音（四声）→四声例：go,cat,beat,stopB.二音节例：pretend,tonight,例：sunset,modern,notebook,phonebookC.三音节例：calendar,article,digital,showmeone例：tomorrow，potato,Iloveyou例：refugee,engineer,onthebus,Whatajerk!例：Billwenthome;Schoolisfun;TommadelunchUnit5音的变化※子音+母音→前字字尾的子音和后字字首的母音连接（例）giveup,takeoutturnoff,takeiteasy※1）子音+子音→前字字尾的子音和后字字首的子音相同，前子音省略。2）子音[p][b][t][d][k][g][f][v]要轻音化。（例）sitdown,creditcard,hotdogIwassohappy./Heneedsalotofmoney.Ihavegottogo.→Ihavegottago.Doyouwanttodance?→Doyouwannadance?※母音+母音→前字字尾的母音和后字字首的母音中，会多出[w]及[j]的发音。（例）DoI?[w]/You'resohonest.[w]/Heisaboy.[j]※T.D.S.Z+Y→[t][d][s][z]结尾，接上y开头的字，会产生下列音变（1）T+Y→音变（例）Can'tyoudoit?/I'llletyouknow.Isthatyourcar?/No,notyet.（2）D+Y→音变（例）Didyouloveme?Couldyoutellus?Wheredidyoubuyit?（3）S+Y→音变（例）Godblessyou./Canyoudressyourself?Imissyou.（4）Z+Y→音变（例）Howwasyourcacation?/Hesaysyou'regood./Whe