初中英语定语从句专项语法讲解

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。四、关系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)3.who,whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如:ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)Whoistheteacher(whom)LiMingistalkingto?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。(3)that作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远。(4)关系词只能用that的情况:a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如:What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which,而不用that.例如:Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。Unit10BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.TheFirstPeriodⅠ.TeachingAimsandDemands1.KnowledgeObjects(1)KeyVocabularyoversleep(2)TargetLanguageWhathappened?Ioverslept.AndbythetimeIgotup,mybrotherhadalreadygottenintheshower.2.AbilityObjects(1)Teachthestudentstousethenewwords.(2)TrainthestudentstonarratepasteventswiththePastPerfectTense.(3)Trainthestudents’listeningandspeakingskillswiththetargetlanguage.3.MoralObjectIt’sagoodhabittogotobedearlyintheeveningandgetupearlyinthemorning.Soyou’llneverbeinahurryinthemorning.Ⅱ.TeachingKeyPoints1.KeyVocabularyoversleep2.TargetLanguageNarratepasteventswiththePastPerfectTense【版权所有:21教育】Ⅲ.TeachingDifficultPoints1.TrainthestudentstonarratepasteventswiththePastPerfectTense.2.Trainthestudentstounderstandthetargetlanguageinspokenconversation.Ⅳ.TeachingMethods1.Thinkingofexamplesfromthestudents’reallives.21·cn·jy·com2.Makingsentencesbylookingatthepictures.Ⅴ.TeachingProceduresStepIRevision1.Asksomequestionslikethis:Whatvolunteerworkwouldyouliketodo?Helpthestudentstoanswer,I’dliketo…/Iloveto…/Ihopeto…【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】2.PracticethedialogueinActivity3conpage62again.3.Checkthestudents’homeworkbyaskingsomestudentstoreadtheirsentenceswiththephrasalverbs.Thenaskthestudentstohandintheirhomework.StepⅡ1aFirstwritebythetimeontheblackboard.andtelltheclassthemeaningofit.Saythissentencetotheclass:Bythetimetheteachercamein,thestudentshadbegunreadingEnglish.Tellthemtonotethestructurehadbeguninthissentence.Begunisthepastparticipleofbegin.Explainwhatisthepastparticipleformofaverbforthestudents.Tellthemitisasthesameasthepastformforaregularverb.Andtheyhavetoremembertheirregularverbs’participlesonebyone.WriteBythetimeIcameback…ontheblackboard.Saytotheclass,BythetimeIcamein.Whathadhappened?Helponestudenttoanswerlikethis,Bythetimetheteachercamein,Donhadwrittenhisnameontheblackboard.Thengetmorestudentstoanswerdifferently,Readtheinstructionstothestudentsandreadthesequestionstotheclassaswell.Whatdoyouusuallydoin,themorningbeforeschool?Doyoulikemorning?Whyorwhynot?Chooseonegoodstudenttoanswerthembysayingsomethingheorsheusuallydoesinthemorning.21*cnjy*comThenhavethewholeclasspracticeinpairs.Askeachotherthequestions.Aftertheyfinishtalking,askoneortwopairstosaytheirconversationstotheclass.Correctthemistakestheymaymakewiththeotherstudents.Callthestudents’attentiontothepicturesinActivityla.Thentellstudentstotalkaboutthepicturesingroupsoffour.Movearoundtheclassroom,listeningtostudentsandofferinghelp.MakesurethattheytalkinEnglish.Aftertheyallfinishtalking,askdifferentgroupstotelltheclassaboutthepictures.StepⅢ1bAskthestudentstoreadtheinstructionstogether.Havethemlookatthetwocolumns,AandB,inthechart.Pointoutthesampleanswer.Readthetwopartsofthesentence.Thengoovertheotherunconnectedpartsofsentences,too.Playtherecordingforthefirsttime.Studentsonlylisten.Thenplayitasecondtime.Letstudentsmatchtwopartsofeachsentence.Checktheanswersbyaskingsomestudentstotelltheiranswers.Makesurethatallofthemhavegotthe

1 / 11
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功