被动语态

被动语态Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordsgiven:1.I___________(give)anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday.2.English_________(find)veryuseful.3.Thework______________(finish)tomorrow.4.Theflowers_________________(water)bythemnow.wasgivenisfoundwillbefinishedarebeingwatered5.Therailway_______________(build)thistimelastyear.6.Thenewway_______already_________(build).7.Thenewrailway___________(build)bytheendoflastyear.8.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting_____________(hold)thenextmonth.9.Rice___________(grow)inthesouthoftheStates.wasbeingbuilthasbeenbuilthadbeenbuiltwouldbeheldisgrown情态动词---被动语态•Theviewermustwearspecialgloves.Specialglovesmustbeworn.•ScientistsoughttodevelopRealCinefurther.RealCineoughttobedevelopedfurther.Thevillagersgavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythevillagers.Awarmwelcomewasgiventotheforeignguestsbythevillagers.2.双宾语结构3.复合宾语结构Theyheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom.Someonewasheardsinginginthenextroom.在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中，要改为带to的不定式作主语补足语。如：see/hear/makesb.dosth.Sb.beseen/heard/madetodosth.Theysawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.see,watch,observe,notice,feel,lookat,listento,hear…4.及物短语可以有被动语态。如：lookafter,giveup,takecareof,payattentionto,makeuseof,putoff,wakeup,putout等。Thechildrenaretakengoodcareof.Thebigfirehasbeenputout.孩子们得到了很好的照顾。大火已经扑灭了。特别注意：1.只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。如：rise,exist,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,goout/off,comeintouse/being…,goup,goon,sound,feel,smell,taste,look,prove,seem,appear,remain,last,disappear,succeed,sit,die,fail等。have,belongto,comeupwith,consistof,lookforwardto,betoblame…不用被动语态2.有些表示主语属性特征的动词(v.+adv.well/badly/easily/smoothly)常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如：open,write,read,sell,wash,measurelock,shut,dry,eat,drink,grow等。Yourarticlereadswell.ThistypeofcarsellswellinChina.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.3.有些表示“开始，结束，运动…”的动词常用其主动形势表示被动的含义，如：begin,start,end,finish,move,run,open…Theshopopensat6ameveryday.4.want,need,requireYourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed.5.be+adj.+todoThefishisnotfittoeat.Themachineiseasytooperate.Thearticleisdifficulttounderstand.WefindEnglishhardtolearn.6.todo作后置定语时，常用主动形式表示被动Ihavealotofworktodo.Ihavearoomtolivein.Itissaidthat…→sbissaidtodo…Itisreported/announcedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…7.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。Thethreemissingsailorsarebelievedtohavedrowned.Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned.人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了.ItissaidthatLiPingwillstudyabroad.LiPingissaidtostudyabroad.ItissaidthatLiPingisstudyingabroad.LiPingissaidtobestudyingabroad.LiPingissaidtohavestudiedabroad.LiPingissaidtohavestudiedabroad.ItissaidthatLiPingstudiedabroad.ItissaidthatLiPinghasstudiedabroad.