苏州市初三数学中考模拟试卷(一)含答案

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1苏州市初三数学中考模拟试卷(一)(满分130分,考试时间120分钟)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置.......上.1.如果向北走2km记作+2km,那么向南走3km记作A.-3kmB.+3kmC.-1kmD.+5km2.下列计算中正确的是A.2352aaaB.236aaaC.235aaaD.329()aa3.2014年,南通市公共财政预算收入完成约486亿元,将“486亿”用科学记数法表示为A.4.86×102B.4.86×108C.4.86×109D.4.86×10104.如果一个三角形的两边长分别为2和5,则第三边长可能是A.2B.3C.5D.85.若正多边形的一个内角等于144°,则这个正多边形的边数是A.9B.10C.11D.126.如图是一个正方体被截去一角后得到的几何体,它的俯视图是7.某校九年级8位同学一分钟跳绳的次数排序后如下:150,164,168,168,172,176,183,185.则由这组数据得到的结论中错误的是A.中位数为170B.众数为168C.极差为35D.平均数为1708.如图,已知⊙O的直径AB为10,弦CD=8,CD⊥AB于点E,则sin∠OCE的值为A.45B.35C.34D.439.已知一次函数ykxb的图象如图所示,则关于x的不等式(4)20kxb的解集为A.2xB.2xC.2xD.3x10.如图,边长为2a的等边三角形ABC中,M是高CH所在直线上的一个动点,连接MB,将线段BM绕点B逆时针旋转60°得到BN,连接HN.则在点M运动过程中,线段HN长度的最小值是A.3aB.aC.32aD.12a二、填空题:本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接2填写在答题卡相应位置.......上.11.计算:322=▲.12.函数5xyx中,自变量x的取值范围是▲.13.如图,AB∥CD,∠C=20o,∠A=55o,则∠E=▲o.14.若关于x的方程2xxa=0有两个相等的实数根,则a的值为▲.15.已知扇形的圆心角为45o,半径为2cm,则该扇形的面积为▲cm2.16.如图,矩形ABCD沿着直线BD折叠,使点C落在C1处,BC1交AD于点E,AD=8,AB=4,则DE的长为▲.17.某家商店的账目记录显示,某天卖出26支牙刷和14盒牙膏,收入264元;另一天,以同样的价格卖出同样的65支牙刷和35盒牙膏,收入应该是▲元.18.如图,Rt△OAB的顶点O与坐标原点重合,∠AOB=90°,AO=2BO,当A点在反比例函数1yx(x0)的图象上移动时,B点坐标满足的函数解析式为▲.三、解答题:本大题共10小题,共计76分.请在答题卡指定区域.......内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.19.(本小题满分5分)计算:1201|3|(3)(6)2;20.(本小题满分5分)先化简,再求值:2211(1)2+1mmmm.其中2m。21.(本小题满分6分)解方程2312xx.22.(本小题满分8分)某市教育局为了了解初一学生第一学期参加社会实践活动的情况,随机抽查了本市部分初一学生第一学期参加社会实践活动的天数,并将得到的数据绘制成了下面两幅不完整的统计图.7天和7天以上6天5天4天3天a20%10%15%30%学生参加实践活动天数的人数分布扇形统计图时间人数7天和7天以上6天5天4天3天605040302010学生参加实践活动天数的人数分布条形统计图3请根据图中提供的信息,回答下列问题:(1)扇形统计图中a的值为▲%,该扇形圆心角的度数为▲;(2)补全条形统计图;(3)如果该市共有初一学生20000人,请你估计“活动时间不少于5天”的大约有多少人?23.(本小题满分6分)如图,已知△ABC中,以AB为直径的半⊙O交AC于D,交BC于E,BE=CE,∠C=70o,求∠DOE的度数.24.(本小题满分6分)如图,一台起重机,他的机身高AC为21m,吊杆AB长为40m,吊杆与水平线的夹角∠BAD可从30°升到80°.求这台起重机工作时,吊杆端点B离地面CE的最大高度和离机身AC的最大水平距离(结果精确到0.1m).(参考数据:sin80°≈0.98,cos80°≈0.17,tan80°≈5.67,3≈1.73)25.(本小题满分6分)有四张背面图案相同的卡片A、B、C、D,其正面分别画有四个不同的几何图形(如图)小敏将这四张卡片背面朝上洗匀摸出一张,放回洗匀再摸出一张.(1)用树状图(或列表法)表示两次摸出卡片所有可能的结果;(卡片用A、B、C、D表示)(2)求摸出的两张卡片图形都是中心对称图形的概率.26.(本小题满分7分)如图,在四边形ABCD中,AB=DC,E、F分别是AD、BC的中点,G、H分别是对角线BD、AC的中点.(1)求证:四边形EGFH是菱形;(2)若AB=1,则当∠ABC+∠DCB=90°时,求四边形EGFH的面积.ADCB427.(本小题满分8分)浦晓和丽雯进行赛跑训练,他们选择了一个土坡,按同一路线同时出发,从坡脚跑到坡顶再原路返回坡脚.他们俩上坡的平均速度不同,下坡的平均速度则是各自上坡平均速度的1.5倍.设两人出发xmin后距出发点的距离为ym.图中折线段OBA表示浦晓在整个训练中y与x的函数关系,其中点A在x轴上,点B坐标为(2,480).(1)点B所表示的实际意义是▲;(2)求出AB所在直线的函数关系式;(3)如果丽雯上坡平均速度是浦晓上坡平均速度的一半,那么两人出发后多长时间第一次相遇?28.(本小题满分9分)如图,△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=3cm,BC=4cm,点E、F同时从点C出发,以12cm/s的速度分别沿CA、CB匀速运动,当点E到达点A时,两点同时停止运动,设运动时间为ts.过点F作BC的垂线l交AB于点D,点G与点E关于直线l对称.(1)当t=▲s时,点G在∠ABC的平分线上;(2)当t=▲s时,点G在AB边上;(3)设△DFG与△DFB重合部分的面积为Scm2,求S与t之间的函数关系式,并写出t的取值范围.529.(本小题满分10分)已知,经过点A(-4,4)的抛物线2yaxbxc与x轴相交于点B(-3,0)及原点O.(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)如图1,过点A作AH⊥x轴,垂足为H,平行于y轴的直线交线段AO于点Q,交抛物线于点P,当四边形AHPQ为平行四边形时,求∠AOP的度数;(3)如图2,若点C在抛物线上,且∠CAO=∠BAO,试探究:在(2)的条件下,是否存在点G,使得△GOP∽△COA?若存在,请求出所有满足条件的点G坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.xyCBOA图2图1xyOABH6参考答案和评分标准说明:本评分标准每题一般只提供一种解法,如有其他解法,请参照本标准的精神给分.一、选择题1.A2.C3.D4.C5.B6.A7.D8.B9.B10.D二、填空题11.412.5x13.3514.1415.1π216.517.66018.12yx三、解答题19.解:原式=3912·················································································4分=11······················································································5分20.解:原式=2+1(1)(1)(1)mmmmm=1mm···························································3分=222················································································5分21.解:(1)2(2)3(1)xx···········································································2分2433xx解得1x······························································4分检验:当1x时,(1)(2)0xx,··············································5分所以原方程的解为1x.·······························································6分22.解:(1)25,90°··················································································4分(2)····································································································6分(3)∵“活动时间不少于5天”的学生人数占75%,20000×75%=15000∴该市“活动时间不少于5天”的大约有15000人.································8分23.解:连接AE,··························································································1分∵AB是⊙O的直径,∴∠AEB=90o,∴AE⊥BC·······································································2分∵BE=CE∴AB=AC·····································································3分∴∠B=∠C=70o,∠BAC=2∠CAE·························································4分∴∠BAC=40o······················································································5分∴∠DOE=2∠CAE=∠BAC=40o····························································6分24.解:当∠BAD=30°时,吊杆端点B离机身AC的水平距离最大;当∠B’AD=80°时,吊杆端点B’离地面CE的高度最大.····························1分作BF⊥AD于F,B´G⊥CE于G,交AD于F’.······································2分在Rt△BAF中,cos∠BAF=AFAB,∴AF=AB·cos∠BAF=40×cos30°≈34.6(m).···········································3分在Rt△B’AF’中,sin∠B´AF’=B'F'AB',∴B’F’=AB’·sin∠B’AF’=40×sin80°≈39.2(m).·······································4分∴B’G=B’F’+F’G≈39.2+21=60.2(m).··················································5分时间人数7
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