新概念三册Lesson51备课笔记ppt

Lesson51Predictingthefuture•1、notoriouslyadv.(尤指因坏事)总所周知地•notoriousadj.•be~for•-Thisplaceis~forpoverty.•befamousfor•bewell-knownfor•2、mainframen.主机•mainboard主板monitor显示器•memory内存•CPU（CentralProcessingUnit）•interface界面•folder文件夹•DOS操作系统（DiskOperatingSystem）•万维网•（WorldWideWeb）•3、-ian•librarian•electrician•musician•mathematician•4、softwaren.软件•Microsoft•design~•杀毒软件•anti-virus~•hardware•5、multimediaadj.多媒体的•~equipment•multi-多•multicultural多种文化的•multilingual多种语言的•multilateral多边的•multinational多国的•6、alternativeadj.•选择的；非传统的n.替换物•~energy替代能源•~lifestyle另类的生活方式•混：•alternateadj.轮流交替的•-Heworkson~days.•-他工作一天休息一天。•v.交替，轮流•~with•~studywithplay•学会儿，玩会儿•7、diagnosev.诊断•~as/with•~asbenign/malignant•diagnosisn.诊断结果•8、relievev.•1）减轻，减少•~thepain/stress/burden•~sb.ofpain/stress/burden•2)换班，换岗•~one’sduty/post解除职位•reliefn.•Text:Q：Whatwasthe'future'electronicdevelopmentthatLeonBagritwasn'tabletoforesee?•（L1）Predictingthefutureisnotoriouslydifficult.•Whocouldhaveimagined,inthemid1970s,forexample,thatbytheendofthe20thcentury,computerswouldbeascommoninpeople'shomesasTVsets?•Text:•（L4）•Inthe1970s,computerswerecommonenough,butonlyinbigbusiness,governmentdepartments,andlargeorganizations.•Theseweretheso-calledmainframemachines.•Text:•（L7）Mainframecomputerswereverylargeindeed,oftenoccupyingwholeair-conditionedrooms,employingfull-timetechniciansandrunonspecially-writtensoftware.•Text:•（L8）Thoughtheselargemachinesstillexist,manyoftheirfunctionshavebeentakenoverbysmallpowerfulpersonalcomputers,commonlyknownasPCs.•（L9）function•1）n.功能，作用•-Eachparthasadifferent~.•v.起作用，运转•-Thedrughelphisheartto~normallyagain.•adj.functional2)n.函数odds~3)宴会-Hefallinlovewithheratthefirstsightatasocial~.•（L9）PC（PersonalCompute）•“电脑”：•homecomputer家用~•desktop•台式~•laptop笔记本~•palmtop•掌上~•penputer•笔触式~•teleputer•电视电脑•（L10）•In1975,aprimitivemachinecalledtheAltair,waslaunchedintheUSA.•Itcanproperlybedescribedasthefirst'homecomputer'anditpointedthewaytothefuture.•（L12）•In1975,aprimitivemachinecalledtheAltair,waslaunchedintheUSA.•Itcanproperlybedescribedasthefirst'homecomputer'anditpointedthewaytothefuture.•Thiswasfollowed,attheendofthe1970s,byamachinecalledanApple.•（L12）•Intheearly1980s,thecomputergiant,IBMproducedtheworld'sfirstPersonalComputer.•Thisranonan'operatingsystem'calledDOS,producedbyathensmallcompanynamedMicrosoft.•TheIBMPersonalComputerwaswidelycopied.•giantadj.巨大的n.巨人；才智超群的人•~panda•大熊猫•-Franklinisagiantofman.•-富兰克林是一位伟人。•同：•enormous/tremendous/immense•（L14）Fromthosehumblebeginnings,wehaveseenthedevelopmentoftheuser-friendlyhomecomputersandmultimediamachineswhichareincommonusetoday.•（L14）humbleadj.•谦逊的；卑贱的；v.使卑下•-Themorenoblethemorehumble.•-结实愈丰者，其穗愈低。•Inmy~opinion•依我愚见•-Shewasbornof~parentage.•-她出身卑贱。•（L16）Consideringhowrecentthesedevelopmentsare,itisevenmoreremarkablethataslongagoasthe1960s,anEnglishman,LeonBagrit,wasabletopredictsomeoftheusesofcomputerswhichweknowtoday.•（L18）Bagritdismissedtheideathatcomputerswouldlearnto'think'forthemselvesandwould'ruletheworld',whichpeoplelikedtobelieveinthosedays.•（L19）Bagritforesawatimewhencomputerswouldbesmallenoughtoholdinthehand,whentheywouldbecapableofprovidinginformationabouttrafficjamsandsuggestingalternativeroutes,whentheywouldbeusedinhospitalstohelpdoctorstodiagnoseillnesses,whentheywouldrelieveofficeworkersandaccountantsofdull,repetitiveclericalwork.•Allthesecomputeruseshavebecomecommonplace.•commonplaceadj.普通的n.寻常的，平庸的东西•A~occurrence司空见惯的事•-Phoneshavebecome~inearlyyears.•commonsense•-Shehasn’tanounceof~.•-她一点常识也没有。•makesense有道理•-Itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly.•-早点离开是明智的。•-Canyoumakesenseofthispoem?•-你看得懂这首诗吗?•（L23）Ofcourse,LeonBagritcouldnotpossiblyhaveforeseenthedevelopmentoftheInternet,theworldwidesystemthatenablesustocommunicateinstantlywithanyoneinanypartoftheworldbyusingcomputerslinkedtotelephonenetworks.•（L25）NorcouldhehaveforeseenhowwecouldusetheInternettoobtaininformationoneveryknownsubject,sowecanreaditonascreeninourhomesandevenprintitaswellifwewantto.•Computershavebecomesmallerandsmaller,moreandmorepowerfulandcheaperandcheaper.•（L28）ThisiswhatmakesLeonBagrit'spredictionsparticularlyremarkable.•Ifhe,orsomeonelikehim,werealivetoday,hemightbeabletotelluswhattoexpectinthenextfiftyyears.-(L23)LeonBagritcouldnotpossiblyhaveforeseenthedevelopmentoftheInternet.-（L28-29)Ifhe,orsomeonelikehim,werealivetoday,hemightbeabletotelluswhattoexpectinthenextfiftyyears.虚拟语气中的情态动词•在非正真实条件句中，主句通常会用might，could，should等情态动词代替助动词would，强调一定的感情色彩。•1）表与现在事实相反，或将来发生可能性小。•“情v.+v.原”•-IfIweretoseeMary,Imightspeaktoheraboutit.•2)表与过去事实相反•“情v.+v.过去分词”•-IfIhadn’twarnedyou,youcouldhavebeenlateforschool.•众所周知，预测未来是非常困难的。举个例子吧，在20世纪70年代中叶又有谁能想得到在20世纪末的时候，家庭用的计算机会像电视机一样普遍？在70年代，计算机已经相当普及了，但只用在大公司，政府部门和大的组织之中，它们被称为主机。计算机主机确实很大，常常占据了装有空调的多间房间，雇用专职的技师，而且得用专门编写的软件才能运行。虽然这种大计算机仍然存在，但它们的许多功能已被体积小但功能齐全的个人电脑——即我们常说的PC机——所代替了。•1975年，美国推出了一台被称为“牛郎星”的原始机型。严格地说起来，它可以被称为第一台“家用电脑”，而且它也指了今后的方向。70年代末，在牛郎星之后又出现了一种被称为“苹果”的机型。80年代初，计算机行业的王牌公司美国国际商用机器公司（IBM）生产出了世界上第一台个人电脑。这种电脑采用了一种被称为磁盘操作系统（DOS）的工作程序，而这种程序是由当时规模不大的微软公司生产的。IBM的个人电脑被大规模地模仿。从那些简陋的初级阶段，我们看到了现在都