Review-of-Agricultural-Insurance-Development-in-th

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ReviewofAgriculturalInsuranceDevelopmentintheNewPeriodinChinaSuzhenGUO*SchoolofEconomicsYangtzeUniversityJingzhou434023ChinaAbstractAgriculturalinsuranceisagreatsupportforagriculturalmodernizationinthenewperiod.Itplaysaroleofstabilizerinconsecu-tiveincreaseofyieldandconstantincreaseoffarmers'income.ThispaperelaboratedcurrentsituationofagriculturalinsurancedevelopmentinChinainthenewperiodanalyzedexistingproblemsandcameupwithpertinentrecommendations.KeywordsAgriculturalinsuranceNewperiodChinaPremiumsubsidyReceivedSeptember192016AcceptedNovember102016*Correspondingauthor.E-mailhbguosuzhen@163.com1IntroductionOnFebruary252016theMinistryofAgricultureandChinaIn-suranceRegulatoryCommissionjointlyheldtheForumofInsur-anceServingAgriculturalModernization.Agriculturalinsuranceisagreatsupportforagriculturalmodernizationinthenewperiod.Itplaysaroleofstabilizerinconsecutiveincreaseofyieldandconstantincreaseoffarmers'income.Thedevelopmentofmodernagriculturehasmoreintensedemandforagriculturalinsurance.Itisrequiredtoacceleratethedemand-orientedagriculturalinsur-anceandraisethesupportandsecuritylevelofagriculturalinsur-ance.Atthepresentandinfutureagriculturalinsuranceshouldconsolidatethebasicfieldscoverallfieldssteadilyraisethestandardspeeduppromotingtheconceptinnovationproductin-novationandmechanisminnovation.2Currentsituationofagriculturalinsurancedevelop-mentinChina2.1SteadyexpansionofoperationscaleandconstantgrowthofpremiumincomeSincethecentralfinancelaunchedthepilotprojectofpremiumsubsidyin2007theagriculturalinsuranceen-teredtherapiddevelopmentperiod.In2007China'sagriculturalinsurancerealizedthepremiumincomeof5180millionyuanwhichwas13timesofthatin2004.In2008China'sagriculturalinsurancerealizedthepremiumincomeof11070millionyuanin-creasingabout112.5%comparedwiththesameperiodoflastyear.Since2008China'sagriculturalinsurancescalehadbeenonlysecondtotheUnitedStates.In2015China'sagriculturalin-surancerealizedthepremiumincomeof37490millionyuanwhichwas3.4timesofthatin2008.2.2Gradualexpansionofservicefieldsandconstantin-creaseintheinsurancecoveragerateIn2014about250mil-lionfarmersboughtagriculturalinsurancegrowingby15.7%comparedwiththesameperiodoflastyeartheinsuranceprovid-edrisksecurityupto1600billionyuangrowingby17.7%com-paredwiththesameperiodofthelastyearagriculturalinsurancemadecompensationof21.46billionyuangrowingby2.9%com-paredwiththesameperiodofthelastyear32.446millionfarm-erswerebenefitedincreasingby2.1%comparedwiththesameperiodofthelastyear.Agriculturalinsurancecoveredmaincropsupto1170millionmuaccountingfor47.7%ofplantingareaofmaincropsinthewholecountry.Thecoveragerateofthreelargestsubsistencecropsmaizericeandwheatwas68.7%69.5%and49.3%respectively.Agriculturalinsurancecovered2170millionmuforestthecoverageratewasupto67.2%itcovered130millionfatteningpigs3.981millionmilkcowsin-creasingby54.3%and21.2%respectivelycomparedwiththesameperiodoflastyear.2.3Greatersupportofgovernmentandconstantoptimiza-tionofrelatedpoliciesInrecentyearsChinaalwayscaresa-boutpopularizationandreformofagriculturalinsuranceandcon-stantlyincreasesthesupportforagriculturalinsurance.In2007-2015centralfinanceallocatedmorethan78billionyuanpremiumsubsidywithannualgrowthof27%whichprovidedmorethan7000billionyuanrisksecurityfor1400millionfarmers.AccordingtothelateststatisticaldataofChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommis-sionthesubsidyforagriculturalinsuranceatalllevelsreached8380millionyuaninJanuarytoAprilof2016increasingby21.13%comparedwiththesameperiodoflastyear.Chinaimple-mentsthreelevelscentralprovincialcityandcountyofpre-miumsubsidysystem.Thesubsidyamountaccountsfor80%ofthepremiumandtherest20%ispaidbyfarmers.3ExistingproblemsinagriculturalinsuranceofChina3.1ThesecuritylevelislowandinsuranceamountistobeincreasedConsideringthepremiumbearingabilityoffarmersandfinancialburdenChina'sagriculturalinsurancemainlyadopt-edthemethodofcoveringthecostnamelycoveringthemate-rialcostofcrops.HowevertakingthefieldmaizeinsuranceinHeilongjiangProvinceasanexamplethemaximuminsuredamountincaseoftotalcropfailureis280yuan/mu.WiththeriseAsianAgriculturalResearch201681131-33inpriceofagriculturalmeansofproductionsuchasseedschemi-calfertilizerandplasticfilmthedirectmaterialcostupto400yuan/muhasexceededtheinsuredamount.Obviouslythecoveringthecostmethodcannotcoverthecostactuallyanditinfluencesagriculturalinsurancesecuringthereproduction.Thisisespeciallytrueforfarmerswhoexperiencedthelandcirculationhadlargeproductionscaleandhigherdemandofagriculturalin-surancewhileitlacksappealforfarmerswhohavepotentialin-surancedemands.3.2Farmers'riskawarenessisweakandenthusiasmforbuyingtheagriculturalinsuranceislowAccordingtotheSur-veyReportonMarketDemandforAgriculturalInsuranceinChinaissuedbytheInsuranceSocietyofChinainSeptember2014only3.75%respondentsactivelyboughttheagriculturalinsurance.Themethodoffarmersbuyingtheagriculturalinsuranceismainlysitesalesofinsuranceorganizationsruralcadresmobilizingfarm-ersandthenfarmersbuyingtheinsuranceinvillages.Inaddi-tiononly14.61%respondentfarmerscouldfullyunderstandthecla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