[单题8-6]P244钢质拐轴,F=1kN,l1=150mm,l2=140mm,[]=160MPa,F=50kN,试按第三强度理论确定轴AB的直径。l1l2ACBFl1l2ACBFM=Pl2MTWTMr223)mkN(14.02FlT)mkN(15.01FlM≤][][22TMWl1l2ACBFMe=Pl2[刘题8.3](P282)起重架,W=40kN,横梁AC由两根№18槽钢组成,梁长l=3.5m,=30°,材料为Q235钢,[]=120MPa,校核横梁的强度。lABCWzy解:取小车在中点的工况l/2ACWRAl/2RCxRCy)kN(40AR)kN(6.34CxR)kN(202PRCy)kN(6.34NCxRF)mkN(352lRMCyWMAFcNmax3623102.152210351029.292106.349.1149.5)MPa(121][∴但没有超过5%,所以梁满足强度要求。[刘题8.6](P283)材料为灰铸铁HT15-33的压力机框架如图所示,[t]=30MPa,[c]=80,试校核框架立柱的强度。6020202010050z1yz2F=12kNF200mm6020202010050z1yz2解:(1)求形心位置和惯性矩)(mm5.402z)(mm1048844yI)(mm42002A)(mm5.591zFFN)200(2zFMAFNN2310421012)MPa(86.2yIzM2t46104885.401089.2)MPa(24)kN(12)mkN(89.2yIzM1c46104885.591089.2)MPa(35F=12kN200mmFNMNFNctMAFNN)MPa(86.2yIzM2t)MPa(24yIzM1c)MPa(35NFNctMNttmaxNccmax86.224)MPa(9.2686.235)MPa(3.32][t][c∴该立柱安全!maxtmaxc[刘题8.14](P285)图为操纵装置水平杆,截面为空心圆形,内径d=24mm,外径D=30mm,材料为Q235钢,[]=180MPa,控制片受力F1=600N,试按第三强度理论校核杆的强度。解:0xM03.080sin2.06002F)kN(2.4062F400N70.5N600NMxzxyMxABCD400N70.5N150250100400N70.5N2.0600xMm)N(120600NMxzxyMxABCD400N70.5Nm)N(120T1502501002.647.04(N·m)MyMz71.340(N·m)2264.23.71CMWTMCr223)8.01(30101203.713243322)MPa(2.89∴满足强度要求120(N·m)T224004.7DMm)N(3.71m)N(6.40C截面为危险截面[刘题8.17](P286)图示带轮传动轴,材料为Q255钢,传递功率P=7kW,转速n=200r/min。W=1.8kN,[]=80MPa,试按第三强度理论估算轴的直径。m)N(334xMm)N(47444616222CMWTMD223r32232dTMD)mm(48d162804(N·m)MyMz446(N·m)334(N·m)T1.忽略带轮重量2230NMxzxyMxABCD4020N812N200400200D截面为危险截面m)N(804DMm)N(334xMm)N(47444616222CMWTMD223r32232dTMD)mm(3.49d2.考虑带轮重量D截面为危险截面2230NMxzxyMxABCD4020N812N2004002001800N162804(N·m)MyMz446(N·m)334(N·m)T360m)N(88180436022DM[北科大题8-10](P287)铁道路标的圆信号板,空心圆柱的外径D=60mm,板上作用的最大风载的压强p=2kPa,[]=60MPa,试按第三强度理论确定空心柱的壁厚。600800解:板上的压力912.0F)N(7.392A危险截面在A截面800FM)mkN(314.0600FT)mkN(235.0WTM223r)1(324322DTM)(mm72.54d)(mm64.2[单题8-8]d1=50mm,d2=130mm,Fy=3.83kN,Fz=1.393kN,F’y=1.473kN,F’z=0.536kN,AB轴直径d=22mm,[]=180MPa,试用第三强度理论校核此轴的强度。FyzxyFz'FyFz'AB505050d1d2[单题8-8]FyzxyFz'FyFz'AB505050d1d2zFyxyFz'FyFz'ABMxMx21dFMyxm)N(96FyMxzxyFz'FyMxFz'96(N·m)TMz152113(N·m)538(N·m)Mym)N(1573815222CMWTMCr22310451096157322)MPa(176∴安全ABCDFyxy’FyMz152113(N·m)ABCDFyMxzxyFz'FyMxFz'538(N·m)MyABFzxz’FzABCDFyMxzxyFz'FyMxFz'[北科大题8-9](P287)一轴上装有两个圆轮,P、Q两力分别作用在两轮上并处于平衡状态。圆轴直径d=110mm,[]=60MPa,试按第四强度理论确定许可载荷。A1.5mBDC1.5m2mPQPQCD2m1mA1.5mBDC1.5m2mPQP(N·m)TM2.55P1.95P(N·m)A1.5mBDC1.5m2mPQP(N·m)TM2.55P1.95P(N·m)C截面为危险截面323dW)kN(91.2PWTMC224r75.0A1.5mBDC1.5m2mPQ[北科大题8-10](P287)铁道路标的圆信号板,空心圆柱的外径D=60mm,板上作用的最大风载的压强p=2kPa,[]=60MPa,试按第三强度理论确定空心柱的壁厚。600800解:板上的压力F)N(7.392A危险截面在A截面800FM)mkN(314.0600FT)mkN(235.0600800912.0A800FM)mkN(314.0600FT)mkN(235.0WTM223r32)1(43DW)(mm72.54d)(mm64.22dDAB梁,截面为100mm×100mm的正方形,P=3kN,试求最大拉应力和最大压应力。[北科大题8-1](P285)PAB1mC1mPAB1mC1mP2P1P1最大拉应力发生在C截面上方一侧的下缘;最大压应力发生在C截面下方一侧的上缘。PAB1mC1mP2PAB1mC1mP1ANmaxFWMcWMtmaxANF3610010125.16)MPa(99.623100104.2WMtmax3610010125.16)MPa(75.6[例]钢制圆轴,直径d=40mm,轴上皮带轮皮带张力F=2kN,D=250mm,a=150mm,圆轴的许用应力[]=90MPa,试用第四强度理论校核轴的强度。aaadDMeF3FAa4FMeaaMe223DFDFMeFDmkN5.0TM0.50.6(N·m)Aa4FMeaaMe(N·m)6.0M)mkN(5.0T)mkN(WTM224r75.0323DWW622106.075.05.0MPa8.117][不安全2PPDP2Pa2Daad[例]钢制圆轴,直径d=50mm,轴上装有两个轮子,P=3kN,a=200mm,D=100mm,圆轴的许用应力[]=80MPa,试用第三强度理论校核轴的强度。aaa2PPMeMePDMemkN3.00.3(N·m)TM0.81(N·m)aaa2PPMeMe