给排水专业英语Unit4

SpecializedEnglishforWaterandWastewaterEngineering给排水专业英语主讲教师：李康Lesson4StormwaterCollectionandSewerDesign雨水收集和管道设计4.1WordsandexpressionsReviewDomesticwastewater生活污水Drainagesystem排水系统Combinedsewers合流制Separatesewers分流制Untreatedwater未处理水Finishedwater出水Organicpollutant有机污染物Biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)生化需氧量4.2NewwordsandexpressionsHydraulicload水力负荷Organicload有机负荷headloss水头损失microorganisms微生物Hardness硬度totalsuspendedsolids(TSS)总悬浮固体sedimentationbasins沉淀池Anaerobic厌氧的Aerobic需氧的，好氧的chemicaloxygendemand(COD)生化需氧量4.2Newwordsandexpressionsself-purification自然净化open-channel明渠hydrograph水位图，水位曲线intensity-duration-frequencycurves强度-持续时间-频率曲线retentionbasins贮水池moisture水分，湿度4.3Importantsentences1.(第三段)Designobjectives2.Designobjectivesaregenerallyestablishedduringtheplanningprocess.Traditionally,suchobjectivesdealtonlywithrunoffquantityandspecifiedthedesiredlevelsofprotectionagainstfloodingbyspecifyingreturnperiodsofdesignrainfallevents.Theminordrainage,whichincludesundergroundsewersandsmallopenchannelsandprovideslocalconvenienceandpreventionofwaterponding,istypicallydesignedforshortreturnperiods,from1to10years.Themajordrainagesystemconveysfloodflowsthroughurbanareasandincludeslargesewers,thenaturaldrainagesystem,swales,streetsandotheroverlandroutes.Thissystemisgenerallydesignedforreturnperiodsfrom50to100years.明确，指定积水重现期4.3Importantsentences1.(第六段)Rainfalldataareusedinurbanrunoffcalculationsinvariousforms,dependingonthedesignapproachandcomputationalprocedureused.Themostcommonformsincludeintensity-duration-frequencycurves,syntheticdesignstorms,historicaldesignstorms,andactualorsyntheticlong-termrainfallrecords.Althoughtheliteratureonrainfalldataforstormsewerdesignisratherextensivetheissuesofuncertaintiesinrainfallinputsandtheirimpactoncalculatedrunoffflowhavenotbeenfullyresolved.Uncertaintiesincludeerrorsinpointmeasurements,andimpactsoftemporalandspatialdistributionsonestimatesofcatchmentrainfall.Otheruncertaintiesareintroducedintheanalysisofobserveddatabyusingvariousassumptionswhichmayormaynotbevalid.Itshouldbenoted,however,thattheimpactofrainfalldatauncertaintiesoncalculatedrunoffflowsissomewhatreducedbythefactthatthecatchmentfunctionsasafilterwhichdampensoutsomeperturbations(realorspurious)inrainfallinputs..扰动广阔的，广大的减弱假的4.4Quiz一、专业词汇翻译（每个1分）1、贮水池2、自然净化3、水头损失4、沉淀池5、水位图6、坡度线7、反硝化作用8、强度-持续时间-频率曲线9、gutter10、dampenout11、anaerobic12、aerobic二、短句翻译（每题4分）1、Thefunctionofadrainagesysteminabuildingistoremovesafelyandquicklysanitarysewage,industrialwastes,andrainwater.2、Thestandardsforwaterqualityhavesignificantlyincreasedconcurrentwithamarkeddecreaseinraw-waterquality.