我国家电行业国际竞争力分析

北京化工大学本科生毕业设计（论文）1中文摘要我国加入WTO之后，我国家用电器制造业得到了迅速发展。众多的国内家电企业从小到大，从弱到强，都取得了很好的业绩，目前我国的家电行业已经发展成为超过3000亿元市场规模的成熟产业，产业的规模仍保持高速发展的态势，正以家电大国的身份跻身于国际市场。空调器、微波炉的规模超过4000万台，电冰箱、洗衣机、电饭煲的规模超过2000万台，电风扇及众多小家电规模达到或接近上亿台，均居世界首位。我国家电业经过二十多年的发展，已经成为全球家电产品的重要生产基地，出口规模持续扩大。随着经济全球化的发展，中国经济与世界经济的关系越来越紧密，中国产业同世界产业的竞争关系也越来越复杂，中国家电企业同许多跨国家电企业的竞争日益加剧。由美国经济危机所引爆的全球金融危机对世界的影响越来越明显，我国作为世界经济中重要的一员，也难逃这次金融危机的影响。我国作为全球家电业主要的制造中心和出口大国，在这次金融危机中面临着重大考验。本文的研究，正是在借鉴国内外学者相关研究成果的基础上，从国际竞争力的角度，从整体上对我国家电企业的国际竞争力进行系统研究，本文的研究思路为：首先是对选题的背景和研究意义进行了介绍；以此为依据，对我国家电行业的发展历程、发展现状、发展特征以及我国家电行业的国际竞争环境进行了系统的分析，以此明确我国家电行业在参与国际竞争中所存在的外部机遇与威胁；在此基础上，对我国家电行业国际竞争力进行了科学、系统的评价，对我国家电行业的国际竞争力进行了总体评估；最后，利用以上评估结果，从政府层面和企业层面对提升我国家电行业的国际竞争力，提出了相应的对策建议。通过本文的研究，一方面，是对企业国际竞争战略理论在我国家电行业进行实证研究的理论扩展，另一方面，为我国家电行业通过提高国际竞争力来开展国际化经营，提供了科学的理论基础和实践指导。因此，本文的研究，无论是在理论发展层面，还是在具体的执行操作层面，都具有重要的作用和价值。关键词家电行业，国际竞争力，国际竞争力评价AbstractSincereformandopeningup,China'selectronicsmanufacturingindustryhasbeendevelopingrapidly.Alargenumberofdomestichouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesfromsmalltolarge,fromweaktostrong,havemadeaverygood北京化工大学本科生毕业设计（论文）2performance,theapplianceindustryinChinahasdevelopedintoamarketsizeofmorethan200billionyuanofmatureindustries,thescaleofindustryhasremainedthesituationofrapiddevelopment,householdelectricalappliancesareamongthemajorpowersinhiscapacityastheinternationalmarket.Airconditioners,microwaveovensthesizeofmorethan40millionunits,refrigerators,washingmachines,ricecookersthesizeofmorethan20millionunits,electricfansandmanysmallhouseholdelectricalappliancesatornearthescaleofthemillion,rankingfirstintheworld.China'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustry,aftermorethantwoyearsofdevelopment,hasbecomeamajorhouseholdelectricalappliancesproductionbasecontinuestoexpandexports.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,China'seconomicrelationswiththeworldeconomybecomingmoreandmoreclosely,theChineseindustry'scompetitivenesswiththeworld'sindustrialrelationsaremorecomplex,withmanyofChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesofhouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisescross-bordercompetition.HowtoassessChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustry'sinternationalcompetitiveness,theChineseGovernmentforthedevelopmentofeconomicpolicy-relatedindustriesandconsumerelectronicscompaniestodevelopstrategiesfortheinternationalizationofgreatsignificance.Scholarsathomeandabroadofhouseholdelectricappliancesindustryandhouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesstudytheperspectiveofdifferentside,theexistenceofthefollowingquestions:(1)tostudythehomeelectricalapplianceindustrymorecompetitive,andfromtheperspectiveofthecompetitivenessofenterprisesofChinesehouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesarerelativelyless,theirthoughtsandviewsofonlyscatteredresultsofthestudy;(2)studyofhouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesaremainlyfromtheperspectiveofahouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisecompetitivenessstrategy;(3)theinternationalcompetitivenessofhomeappliancesresearchenterprisehasnotyetformedevaluationsystemandtheframework,althoughsomeexpertsandscholarsonthehomeapplianceindustryoperatingperformanceoflistedcompaniesareanalyzed,butthisdoesnotmeanthattheoperatingresultsofthecompetitivenessofenterprises.Therefore,thecompetitivenessofChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisesinparticular,theinternationalcompetitivenessofthesystemhasyettobethorough.ThisstudyisinthedrawonresearchfindingsrelatedtodomesticandforeignscholarsonthebasisofinternationalcompetitivenessfromtheperspectiveofthewholeofChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceenterprisestocarryouttheinternational北京化工大学本科生毕业设计（论文）3competitivenessofthesysteminordertocompensateforChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceiscurrentlytheinternationalcompetitivenessofenterprisesevaluationstudiesarenotsystematicandin-depthdefects.Researchideasinthisarticleasfollows:firstofallisthebackgroundandresearchtopicswereintroducedsignificance;asabasisforthedevelopmentofChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustryhistory,thedevelopmentofthestatusquo,thedevelopmentofCharacteristicsofChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustries,aswellastheinternationalcompetitivenessoftheenvironmentanalysisofthesysteminordertoclearChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustrytoparticipateininternationalcompetition,theexistenceoftheexternalopportunitiesandthreats;Onthisbasis,China'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustrytointernationalcompetitivenessevaluationindexsystemtocarryoutascientificandsystematicdesignandevaluationoftheuseoftheseindicators,onChina'shomeapplianceindustryfortheinternationalcompetitivenessoftheoverallassessment;Finally,theuseoftheaboveresultsoftheassessment,fromthegovernmentlevelandtheenterpriseleveltoenhanceChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustry'sinternationalcompetitiveness,thecorrespondingcountermeasuresandsuggestions.Throughthestudyofthisarticle,ontheonehand,theinternationalcompetitivenessofenterprisesofstrategictheoryinChina'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustrytoexpandthetheoryofempiricalresearch,ontheotherhand,China'shouseholdelectricalapplianceindustrytoimprovetheirinternationalcompetit