Lines-Written-in-Early-Spring翻译及赏析

LinesWritteninEarlySpringByWilliamWordsworthIheardathousandblended(和谐的)notes,Whileinagrove（小树林）Isatreclined（斜倚）,InthatsweetmoodwhenpleasantthoughtsBringsadthoughtstothemind.ToherfairworksdidNaturelinkThehumansoulthatthroughmeran;AndmuchitgrievedmyhearttothinkWhatmanhasmadeofman.Throughprimrosetufts（报春花丛）,inthatgreenbower（闺房）,Theperiwinkle（蔓长春花）traileditswreaths（花环）;And’tismyfaiththateveryflowerEnjoystheairitbreathes.Thebirdsaroundmehopped（蹦跳）andplayed,TheirthoughtsIcannotmeasure:—ButtheleastmotionwhichtheymadeItseemedathrillofpleasure.Thebuddingtwigs（嫩树枝）spreadouttheirfan,Tocatchthebreezyair;AndImustthink,doallIcan,Thattherewaspleasurethere.Ifthisbelieffromheavenbesent,IfsuchbeNature’sholyplan,HaveInotreasontolamentWhatmanhasmadeofman?赏析:威廉·华兹华斯（1770－1850）是英国19世纪著名的浪漫派诗人，他对自然的热爱以及他大部分人生所度过的地方-----湖区的湖光山色对他的性格和作品有着深远的影响。《早春诗行》描写了诗人坐在树荫下享受大自然美景的情景。诗中三，四和第五小节描绘了一幅欢乐的“花鸟树草”图。诗人虽然无法知道樱草花，常春藤，鸟儿和花蕾有何真实感受，但从花儿鲜艳的色彩和鸟儿欢快的叫声中，他感受到世间万物都在享受大自然的清新和美丽，每一个姿态和动作都展示它们正在迸发的兴奋和快乐。在这样欢乐的气氛中，诗人本应投入大自然的怀抱，尽情享受自然的美丽，然而，在这充满春的欢乐的季节里，诗人想到的却是“人怎样对待着人”。从万物的欢乐中，华兹华斯想到了人间的痛苦和悲伤。他认为，人本为大自然的一部分，理应加入大自然欢乐的海洋，但是人间的情况却不是如此，是人类自身造成了人间的痛苦和悲伤。诗歌含蓄地表达了作者对世间不平的抗议和对公平社会的渴望。写于早春——华兹华斯我躺卧在树林之中，听着融谐的千万声音，闲适的情绪，愉快的思想，却带来的忧心忡忡。大自然把她的美好事物通过我联系人的灵魂，而我痛心万分，想起了人怎样对待着人。那边绿荫中的樱草花丛，有长春花在把花圈编制，我深信每朵花不论大小，都能享受它呼吸的空气。四周的鸟儿跳了又耍，我不知道他们想写什么，但他们每个细微的动作，似乎都激起心头的欢乐。萌芽的嫩枝张膊如扇，捕捉那阵阵的清风，使我没发不深切地感受到，它们也自有欢欣，如果上天叫我这样相信，如果这是大自然的用心，难道我没有理由悲叹人怎样对待着人？——王佐良译Comments1:InLinesWritteninEarlySpring,WordsworthachievesthegoalhesetsforhimselfinhisPrefacetotheLyricalBallads-tochoosesituationsfromcommonlife,andtorelateordescribethem...inaselectionoflanguagereallyusedbymen,andatthesametimetothrowoverthemacertaincolouringofimagination.WordsworthdescribesNatureasbeingacomposer,creatingasymphonyofblendednotes.Thesceneappearstobeentirelysweetandpleasant,andyetgiveswaytosadthoughtsinthespeaker'smind.ThespeakerobservesthatallofNature'screationsappeartobeenjoyingthemselves-theflowersenjoytheairtheybreathe,thebirdstakepleasureintheirmovements,asdothebuddingtwigs.ThespeakerrecognizesthatmanisalsooneofNature'screations-ToherfairworksdidNaturelink/Thehumansoulthatthroughmeran(lines5-6).However,manisalsoacreator,andcancreatehimself(Whatmanhasmadeofman-line8).Man'sselfcreationgoesagainstNature'splanthatallnaturalthingsshouldenjoythemselves,asmandoesnotnecessarilytakepleasureineverymomentoflife.Thisthoughtcausesthespeakerhimselftogrieve-thuscreatingaself-fulfillingprophecy.Comments2:TheopeningstanzaofWilliamWordsworth’s“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”setsthetonefortheunderlyingthemeofthepoem:Wordsworth’snarratorreclininginagrovewherehisthoughtsareallowedtoflowuninterruptedinwhatWordsworthdescribesas“Inthatsweetmoodwhenpleasantthoughts/Bringsadthoughtstothemind.”(3-4).Importantly,theselasttwolinesofthefirstquatraineasilycatchareaderoffguard.ThequietanddescriptivelyserenesettingseemstohavebroughtWordsworth’snarratortoastateofuninhibitedinwardcontemplationoftheexternalcivilizedworld,andfoundthissubjectofthoughtemotionallydisturbing.Indeed,oneofRomanticism’sgreatestvirtuesisfoundinitsappreciationforintimateandemotionaldeliberation,andWordsworth,stayingtruetowhatseemstobeaninheritdisposition,findshimselfovertakenbyhisotherwisedistractedworriesthankstothepeacefulsettinginwhichhefindshimselfin“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”.ItisthesecondstanzaofWilliamWordsworth’s“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”thatwearegiventhethemeofthepoemwhenWordsworthwrites“Andmuchitgrievedmyhearttothink/Whatmanhasmadeofman.”(7and8).Wordsworth,inhisreflectionof“Whatmanhasmadeofman”(8),isdescribinghowmankind,thoughcivilized,hasaninnatespiritualconnectionto“Nature”and“herfairworks”(4).Essentially,Wordsworth’s“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”revolvesaroundthisRomanticthemeofhowbeautifulandessentialourintrinsicconnectiontonatureis,andhowunfortunateandpainfulourself-inflicteddisconnectionhasbecome.Wordsworthwritesin“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”ofhownatureoffersawholesomeandnaturallifestylethatWordsworthfeelshasbeenlosttothepointlessnessandmonotonousofcivilizationandthepursuitofcontemporarycapitalisticgain.ThefollowingthreestanzasofWilliamWordsworth’s“LinesWritteninEarlySpring”describethenaturalsceneryaroundWordsworth’snarratorashesitsinhisemotionallysensitivemood,contemplatinghowlifeintheforestseemssobeautifulandsatisfyingcomparedtolifeincivilization.Wordsworthgoesontodescribewhatheseesas“pleasure”as“everyflower/Enjoystheairitbreathes”(11-12),andthebirdsthathoppedandplayedaroundhimwerewrittenwithevery“leastmotionwhichtheymade”(15)“seemedathrillofpleasure”(16).Wordsworthgoessofarastodescribe“pleasure”inthevery“buddingtwigs”(17)thatspreadtheirleavestocatchthe“breezyair”(18).Wordsworthseesblissfullifeandvitalityallaroundhimashesitsintheglade,soignorantoffactories,humanwasteandconflict,thatthesenaturalcreatureshaveachievedastateofparadisebysimplyexistingasnaturehadintended:freeofcivilizationandinastateofnaturalgrace.ItisthislifestylethatWordsworthisjealousofandwishesthatmankindcouldsomehowreturntoinmuchthesamewayhewouldlaterdescribein“TheWorldisTooMuchWithUs”(1807)